GH-48455: [Python] Handle nested field names when sanitizing table at ParquetWriter (flavor='spark')

[HyukjinKwon]

Rationale for this change

arrow/python/pyarrow/parquet/core.py

Line 743 in 7a36fcc

# TODO: This will not handle prohibited characters in nested field names

This was first introduced in 4a6a6cb but did not implement the logic to handle nested types.

What changes are included in this PR?

This PR implements the nested handling for the sanitising the field names ParquetWriter (flavor='spark')

Are these changes tested?

Unittests were added, and manually tested via:

pytest python/pyarrow/tests/parquet/test_basic.py -k 'sanitized_spark' -v

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes. It sanitizes the field names when ParquetWriter is used with flavor set to 'spark'.

• GitHub Issue: [Python] Handle nested field names when sanitizing table at ParquetWriter when flavor='spark' #48455

[github-actions]

⚠️ GitHub issue #48455 has been automatically assigned in GitHub to PR creator.

[HyukjinKwon]

Should be ready for a look.

[HyukjinKwon]

@BryanCutler are you around :-)? This is more for Spark so wondered if I can take a look from you.