C++ Module 00 – Basics & First Classes 💡🧱

✅ Status: Completed – all exercises

🏫 School: 42 – C++ Modules (Module 00)

🏅 Score: 100/100

Namespaces, classes, member functions, stdio streams, initialization lists, static, const and some other basic stuff.

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📚 Table of Contents

• Description

• Goals of the Module

• Exercises Overview

  • ex00 – Megaphone
  • ex01 – My Awesome PhoneBook
  • ex02 – The Job Of Your Dreams

• Requirements

• Build & Run

• Repository Layout

• Testing Tips

• 42 Notes

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📝 Description

This repository contains my solutions to 42’s C++ Module 00 (C++98). The module is the starting point of the C++ journey at 42 and focuses on:

• Getting used to basic C++ syntax and compilation rules
• Moving from C-style code to C++-style code (streams, classes, etc.)
• Writing very small programs that use classes, methods and simple OOP ideas

All exercises are written in C++98 and compiled with strict flags (-Wall -Wextra -Werror -std=c++98).

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🎯 Goals of the Module

Concepts covered (depending on the exercise):

• std::cout / std::cin and basic iostream usage
• Simple namespaces
• Classes & objects
• Member functions (methods)
• Encapsulation with private / public
• static and const members
• Initialization and basic Orthodox Canonical Form (default constructor, copy constructor, assignment, destructor) in later modules

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📦 Exercises Overview

ex00 – Megaphone

“Just to make sure that everybody is awake…”

Goal: Write a small program that takes its command-line arguments and prints them in uppercase. If no argument is provided, it prints a default loud message.

Example usage:

$ ./megaphone "shhhhh... I think the students are asleep..."
SHHHHH... I THINK THE STUDENTS ARE ASLEEP...

$ ./megaphone Damnit " ! " "Sorry students, I thought this thing was off."
DAMNIT ! SORRY STUDENTS, I THOUGHT THIS THING WAS OFF.

$ ./megaphone
* LOUD AND UNBEARABLE FEEDBACK NOISE *

Concepts practiced:

• int main(int argc, char **argv)
• Working with C-style strings in C++ or std::string
• Basic usage of loops and character manipulation (std::toupper)

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ex01 – My Awesome PhoneBook

A tiny 80’s-style phonebook running in your terminal.

Goal: Implement a simple interactive phonebook with two classes:

• PhoneBook

  • Stores up to 8 contacts in an internal array (no dynamic allocation allowed)
  • When the 9th contact is added, it overwrites the oldest one

• Contact

  • Represents a single contact with fields:

    • first name
    • last name
    • nickname
    • phone number
    • darkest secret

Commands:

• ADD – add a new contact

  • Prompts the user for all 5 fields
  • No field is allowed to be empty

• SEARCH – list contacts in a table and show details by index

  • Table: 4 columns – index, first name, last name, nickname
  • Each column is 10 characters wide, right aligned, truncated with a . at the end if too long

• EXIT – quit the program and lose all contacts (no persistence required)

Example session (simplified):

$ ./phonebook
Enter a command (ADD, SEARCH, EXIT):
ADD
First name: John
Last name: Doe
Nickname: JD
Phone number: 123456789
Darkest secret: Loves C++98

Enter a command (ADD, SEARCH, EXIT):
SEARCH
|     Index|First Name| Last Name|  Nickname|
|         0|      John|       Doe|        JD|

Enter index to display: 0
First name: John
Last name: Doe
Nickname: JD
Phone number: 123456789
Darkest secret: Loves C++98

Concepts practiced:

• Designing simple classes
• Access control: private vs public
• Using member functions to set/get data
• Formatting output with <iomanip> (std::setw, etc.)
• Basic input validation (std::getline)

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ex02 – The Job Of Your Dreams

Rebuild a missing implementation file (Account.cpp) from its header and logs.

Given files:

• Account.hpp – class interface (provided by 42)
• tests.cpp – test harness that uses the Account class
• A log file – expected output of the tests (with timestamps)

Goal: Recreate Account.cpp so that:

• The class compiles with Account.hpp and tests.cpp

• The program’s output matches the reference log (except for timestamps)

• Static members and methods correctly track global statistics

  • number of accounts
  • total amount
  • number of deposits / withdrawals

• Instance methods manage each account’s state accordingly

Note: Destructor call order may differ slightly depending on compiler/OS, and this is acceptable.

Concepts practiced:

• Splitting interface (.hpp) and implementation (.cpp)
• static member variables and functions
• Understanding behavior from a test file and log, not just from a spec
• Working with timestamps & formatted logging (implementation-dependent)

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🛠 Requirements

From the official subject:

• Compiler: c++

• Flags:

  • -Wall -Wextra -Werror
  • plus -std=c++98

• OS: any Unix-like system (Linux / macOS)

• No external libraries (no C++11, no Boost, etc.)

• No printf, malloc, free (and family) – use C++ stdlib instead

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▶️ Build & Run

Clone the repository and build each exercise separately.

git clone <this-repo-url>
cd cpp-module-00

ex00 – Megaphone

cd ex00
make
./megaphone "Hello World"

ex01 – My Awesome PhoneBook

cd ex01
make
./phonebook

ex02 – The Job Of Your Dreams

cd ex02
make
./accounts

Exact executable names may differ depending on my implementation / subject instructions.

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📂 Repository Layout

cpp-module-00/
├── ex00/
│   ├── Makefile
│   └── megaphone.cpp
│
├── ex01/
│   ├── Makefile
│   ├── Contact.hpp / Contact.cpp
│   ├── PhoneBook.hpp / PhoneBook.cpp
│   └── main.cpp
│
└── ex02/
    ├── Makefile
    ├── Account.hpp      # provided by 42
    ├── Account.cpp      # reimplemented by me
    └── tests.cpp        # provided test harness

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🔍 Testing Tips

Some ideas for manual testing:

• ex00

  • No arguments → prints the default loud message
  • Mixed case / punctuation → all converted to uppercase

• ex01

  • Try adding more than 8 contacts → verify that the oldest entries are overwritten
  • Use long names (>10 chars) → check that they are properly truncated with . in the SEARCH table
  • Enter invalid indices on SEARCH → program should handle it gracefully

• ex02

  • Compare output of ./accounts with the reference log provided in the subject
  • Check that totals are correct when deposits and withdrawals are performed

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🧾 42 Notes

• Module 00 is introductory; you can technically pass it without exercise 02, but implementing it is great practice.
• C++ modules do not use Norminette (no enforced C Norm), but clean, readable code is still strongly recommended.

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If you’re a 42 student working on the same module, feel free to explore the code, get inspired, but write your own implementation – that’s where the real learning happens. 🚀