Attack Surface Graph

Attack Surface Graph

RedAmon uses a Neo4j graph database as the single source of truth for every finding. The graph stores the complete topology of the target's attack surface as an interconnected knowledge graph, enabling both visual exploration in the webapp and intelligent querying by the AI agent.

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Node Types

The graph contains 18 node types organized into five categories.

Infrastructure Nodes

Represent the network topology:

Node	Key Properties	Description
Domain	name, registrar, creation_date, expiration_date, WHOIS data	Root domain with full WHOIS information
Subdomain	name, has_dns_records, status, status_codes, http_live_url_count	Discovered hostname with HTTP liveness (status: "resolved", "no_http", or HTTP code like "200", "404")
IP	address, version, is_cdn, cdn_name, asn	Resolved IP address with CDN/ASN metadata
Port	number, protocol, state	Open port on an IP
Service	name, product, version, banner	Running service with version info
ExternalDomain	domain, sources, redirect_from_urls, redirect_to_urls, status_codes_seen, times_seen	Out-of-scope domain encountered during recon (redirects, crawling, historical scans)

Web Application Nodes

Represent the application layer:

Node	Key Properties	Description
BaseURL	url, status_code, title, server, response_time_ms, resolved_ip	Live HTTP endpoint with response metadata
Endpoint	path, method, has_parameters, is_form, source	Discovered URL path with HTTP method
Parameter	name, position (query/body/header/path), is_injectable	Input parameter, flagged when vulnerable

Technology & Security Nodes

Represent detected software and security posture:

Node	Key Properties	Description
Technology	name, version, categories, confidence, detected_by, known_cve_count	Framework, library, or server
Header	name, value, is_security_header	HTTP response header
Certificate	subject_cn, issuer, not_after, san, tls_version	TLS certificate details
DNSRecord	type (A/AAAA/MX/NS/TXT/SOA), value, ttl	DNS record

Vulnerability & Exploitation Nodes

Represent security findings and successful attacks:

Node	Key Properties	Description
Vulnerability	id, name, severity (lowercase), source (nuclei/gvm/security_check), curl_command	Scanner finding with evidence
CVE	id, cvss, severity (uppercase), description, published	Known vulnerability from NVD
MitreData	cve_id, cwe_id, cwe_name, abstraction	CWE weakness mapping
Capec	capec_id, name, likelihood, severity, execution_flow	Common attack pattern
ChainFinding	finding_type, severity, title, evidence, confidence	EvoGraph: agent discovery (replaces legacy Exploit node) — see EvoGraph

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Relationship Chain

The graph connects nodes through directed relationships that mirror real infrastructure:

Domain ──HAS_SUBDOMAIN──> Subdomain
Domain ──HAS_EXTERNAL_DOMAIN──> ExternalDomain
Subdomain ──RESOLVES_TO──> IP
IP ──HAS_PORT──> Port
Port ──RUNS_SERVICE──> Service
Port ──SERVES_URL──> BaseURL
Service ──POWERED_BY──> BaseURL
BaseURL ──HAS_ENDPOINT──> Endpoint
BaseURL ──USES_TECHNOLOGY──> Technology
BaseURL ──HAS_HEADER──> Header
BaseURL ──HAS_CERTIFICATE──> Certificate
Endpoint ──HAS_PARAMETER──> Parameter
Technology ──HAS_KNOWN_CVE──> CVE
CVE ──HAS_CWE──> MitreData
MitreData ──HAS_CAPEC──> Capec
Vulnerability ──FOUND_AT──> Endpoint
Vulnerability ──AFFECTS_PARAMETER──> Parameter
Vulnerability ──HAS_CVE──> CVE
IP/Subdomain/Domain ──HAS_VULNERABILITY──> Vulnerability

EvoGraph bridges (attack chain → recon graph):
AttackChain ─ ─CHAIN_TARGETS─ ─> IP / Subdomain
ChainStep ─ ─STEP_TARGETED─ ─> IP / Port
ChainStep ─ ─STEP_EXPLOITED─ ─> CVE
ChainFinding ─ ─FOUND_ON─ ─> IP / Subdomain
ChainFinding ─ ─FINDING_RELATES_CVE─ ─> CVE

Vulnerability Source Differences

Vulnerabilities connect differently depending on their source:

Source	Connection Pattern
Nuclei (web application)	Linked via FOUND_AT to the Endpoint and AFFECTS_PARAMETER to the vulnerable Parameter
GVM (network level)	Linked via HAS_VULNERABILITY directly to IP and Subdomain nodes
Security checks (DNS/email/headers)	Linked via HAS_VULNERABILITY to Subdomain or Domain

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Multi-Tenant Design

Every node includes user_id and project_id properties. All queries are automatically scoped to the current user and project — the AI agent never generates tenant filters itself, preventing accidental cross-project data access.

Query Pattern

MATCH (d:Domain {user_id: $userId, project_id: $projectId})
-[:HAS_SUBDOMAIN]->(s:Subdomain)
-[:RESOLVES_TO]->(ip:IP)
-[:HAS_PORT]->(p:Port)
RETURN d, s, ip, p

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How the AI Agent Uses the Graph

Before taking any offensive action, the agent queries the graph to build situational awareness:

1. Attack surface mapping — queries the Domain → Subdomain → IP → Port → Service chain
2. Technology-CVE correlation — traverses Technology → CVE relationships, prioritizing by CVSS score
3. Injectable parameter discovery — queries Parameter nodes flagged as is_injectable: true
4. Exploit feasibility assessment — cross-references ports, services, and CVEs to find matching Metasploit modules
5. Post-exploitation context — after exploiting, creates a ChainFinding(exploit_success) in the EvoGraph, bridged to the target IP and CVE

The text-to-Cypher system includes 25+ example query patterns and automatically retries with error context on failure (up to 3 attempts).

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Graph Visualization

The graph is visualized on the Graph Dashboard:

• 2D mode — force-directed layout with pan, zoom, and node selection
• 3D mode — WebGL rendering with rotation for large graphs
• Color coding — each node type has a distinct color
• Filtering — use the bottom bar to show/hide specific node types
• Node drawer — click any node to see all properties

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EvoGraph Bridge

The recon graph is connected to RedAmon's EvoGraph (Evolutive Attack Chain Graph) through bridge relationships. EvoGraph tracks everything the AI agent does during exploitation sessions — every tool execution, finding, decision, and failure — and bridges back to the recon graph nodes they relate to.

Relationship	From (EvoGraph)	To (Recon Graph)	Purpose
CHAIN_TARGETS	AttackChain	IP / Subdomain / Port / CVE / Domain	Attack chain's target
STEP_TARGETED	ChainStep	IP / Subdomain / Port	Step's target infrastructure
STEP_EXPLOITED	ChainStep	CVE	CVE this step attempted to exploit
STEP_IDENTIFIED	ChainStep	Technology	Technology identified during this step
FOUND_ON	ChainFinding	IP / Subdomain	Where the finding was discovered
FINDING_RELATES_CVE	ChainFinding	CVE	CVE related to the finding
CREDENTIAL_FOR	ChainFinding	Service / Port	Service/port the credential works on

This means you can traverse from any recon graph node to see all attack chain activity that targeted it — enabling cross-session intelligence queries like "what has been tried against this IP?" or "which CVEs have been successfully exploited?".

Full details: See EvoGraph — Attack Chain Evolution for the complete attack chain graph schema, node types, and cross-session learning.

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Next Steps

• The Graph Dashboard — learn how to explore the graph visually
• AI Agent Guide — see how the agent queries the graph
• EvoGraph — Attack Chain Evolution — understand the attack chain graph that bridges to the recon graph
• Data Export & Import — export graph data