Finnish spirometry (Kainu et al. 2015) and DLCO (Kainu et al. 2017) reference values as an R package.
Spirometry covers 10 parameters for Finnish adults aged 18–90. DLCO covers DLCOc, DLCOc/VA (KCO), and VA. The spirometry API mirrors rspiro for easy side-by-side comparison with GLI-2012.
Web calculator: rikhardfi.github.io/spirometry-calculator
| Parameter | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| FEV1 | Forced expiratory volume in 1 second | L |
| FVC | Forced vital capacity | L |
| FEV1/FVC | FEV1 to FVC ratio | ratio |
| FEV6 | Forced expiratory volume in 6 seconds | L |
| FEV1/FEV6 | FEV1 to FEV6 ratio | ratio |
| PEF | Peak expiratory flow | L/s |
| MMEF | Maximal mid-expiratory flow | L/s |
| MEF75 | MEF at 75% of FVC | L/s |
| MEF50 | MEF at 50% of FVC | L/s |
| MEF25 | MEF at 25% of FVC | L/s |
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("rikhardfi/rkainu")library(rkainu)
# Predicted FEV1 for a 50-year-old male, 177 cm
kainu_pred(50, 177, 1, "FEV1")
#> [1] 4.046
# Z-score for observed FEV1 = 3.5 L
kainu_zscore(50, 177, 1, FEV1 = 3.5)
#> [1] -1.02
# Lower limit of normal
kainu_lln(50, 177, 1, "FEV1")
#> [1] 3.168
# Percent predicted
kainu_pctpred(50, 177, 1, FEV1 = 3.5)
#> [1] 86.5
# Multiple parameters at once
kainu_pred(50, 177, 1, c("FEV1", "FVC", "FEV1FVC"))patients <- data.frame(
age = c(35, 55, 72),
height = c(182, 170, 168),
sex = c(1, 2, 1),
FEV1 = c(4.2, 2.5, 2.1),
FVC = c(5.3, 3.2, 3.0)
)
kainu_df(patients, params = c("FEV1", "FVC"))
# Adds columns: pred_FEV1, lln_FEV1, z_FEV1, pctpred_FEV1, pred_FVC, ...- Sex encoding:
1= male,2= female (same as rspiro) - Height: In cm. Values below 3 are assumed to be in metres and automatically converted.
- Age range: 18–90. Spline data covers 18–84; values outside are clamped with a warning.
- No dependencies: Base R only. Suggests testthat, knitr, rmarkdown for development.
Kainu A, Timonen KL, Toikka J, et al. Reference values of spirometry for Finnish adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2016;36(5):346-358. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12237
Kainu A, Timonen KL, Toikka J, et al. Reference values of diffusing capacity for Finnish adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2018;38(3):413-420. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12432
GPL (>= 3).
- Web calculator — browser-based tool using the same equations
- rspiro — GLI-2012 reference values for R
R-paketti suomalaisten aikuisten spirometrian (Kainu ym. 2015) ja diffuusiokapasiteetin (DLCO; Kainu ym. 2017) viitearvoille.
Spirometria kattaa 10 parametria 18–90-vuotiaille aikuisille: FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEV6, FEV1/FEV6, PEF, MMEF, MEF75, MEF50 ja MEF25. DLCO kattaa DLCOc:n, DLCOc/VA:n (KCO) ja VA:n.
Paketti laskee ennustearvot, viitearvon alarajat (LLN), z-pisteet ja prosentuaaliset ennustearvot. Spirometrian rajapinta vastaa rspiro-pakettia, joten vertailu GLI-2012-viitearvoihin on helppoa.
Verkkolaskuri: rikhardfi.github.io/spirometry-calculator
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("rikhardfi/rkainu")library(rkainu)
# Ennustearvo: FEV1, 50-vuotias mies, 177 cm
kainu_pred(50, 177, 1, "FEV1")
# Z-pistemäärä mitatulle arvolle FEV1 = 3.5 L
kainu_zscore(50, 177, 1, FEV1 = 3.5)
# Viitearvon alaraja (LLN)
kainu_lln(50, 177, 1, "FEV1")