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Case Study: API Error 400 due to tool use concurrency issues#1189

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issue-1188-05b8937af2a0
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Case Study: API Error 400 due to tool use concurrency issues#1189
konard wants to merge 3 commits intomainfrom
issue-1188-05b8937af2a0

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@konard konard commented Jan 27, 2026

Summary

This PR adds a comprehensive case study analyzing the "API Error: 400 due to tool use concurrency issues" that occurs in Claude Code when multiple parallel Edit tool calls target the same file.

Fixes #1188

Key Findings

Root Cause

Race condition when multiple Edit tool calls modify the same file in parallel:

  1. Claude streams multiple Edit tool_use blocks within the same message
  2. First Edit succeeds and modifies the file
  3. Subsequent Edits fail because old_string patterns no longer exist (file already modified)
  4. The combination of partial success/failure corrupts the tool_use/tool_result message pairing
  5. API returns: "tool_use" ids were found without "tool_result" blocks immediately after

Related Issues (Anthropic)

Repository Issue Status
anthropics/claude-code #11421 OPEN (main tracking)
anthropics/claude-code-action #732 OPEN
anthropics/claude-agent-sdk-python #265 OPEN

Proposed Solutions

  1. Immediate workaround: Serialize Edit tool calls targeting the same file
  2. Prompt engineering: Add guidance to execute same-file edits sequentially
  3. SDK solution: Use Anthropic's Tool Runner SDK helpers which manage message construction
  4. Client-side fix: Implement file-level locking for Edit operations in Claude Code

Files Added

File Description
docs/case-studies/issue-1188/CASE-STUDY.md Comprehensive analysis with timeline, root causes, and solutions
docs/case-studies/issue-1188/solution-draft-log.txt Original log file (4685 lines) showing the failure sequence

Actions Taken

  • Downloaded and saved all related logs to case study folder
  • Analyzed log file to reconstruct the failure timeline
  • Researched online for related issues and documentation
  • Identified root causes (race condition in parallel same-file edits)
  • Proposed solutions including existing libraries (Tool Runner SDK)
  • Reported findings to anthropics/claude-code#11421

References

Adding CLAUDE.md with task information for AI processing.
This file will be removed when the task is complete.

Issue: #1188
@konard konard self-assigned this Jan 27, 2026
This case study analyzes the "API Error: 400 due to tool use
concurrency issues" that occurs in Claude Code when parallel
Edit tool calls target the same file.

Key findings:
- Root cause: Race condition when multiple Edit tools modify same file
- Existing issue: anthropics/claude-code#11421 (OPEN)
- Workaround: Serialize same-file Edit operations
- Solution: Use Anthropic's Tool Runner SDK helpers

Includes:
- Full log from the failed session (4685 lines)
- Timeline reconstruction of the failure sequence
- Proposed solutions and workarounds
- References to related GitHub issues

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@konard konard changed the title [WIP] API Error: 400 due to tool use concurrency issues. Case Study: API Error 400 due to tool use concurrency issues Jan 27, 2026
@konard konard marked this pull request as ready for review January 27, 2026 12:09
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konard commented Jan 27, 2026

🤖 Solution Draft Log

This log file contains the complete execution trace of the AI solution draft process.

💰 Cost estimation:

  • Public pricing estimate: $3.999220 USD
  • Calculated by Anthropic: $3.044291 USD
  • Difference: $-0.954928 (-23.88%)
    📎 Log file uploaded as Gist (1176KB)
    🔗 View complete solution draft log

Now working session is ended, feel free to review and add any feedback on the solution draft.

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API Error: 400 due to tool use concurrency issues.

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