Fix jumbled character order

.github/workflows/ui-tests.yml

@@ -32,28 +32,25 @@ jobs:
           $p = Get-ChildItem -Recurse "${env:RUNNER_TEMP}\artifacts" | where {$_.Name -eq "msys-2.0.dll"} | Select -ExpandProperty VersionInfo | Select -First 1 -ExpandProperty FileName
           cp $p "c:/Program Files/Git/usr/bin/msys-2.0.dll"
 
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            ui-tests
+
       - uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         id: restore-wt
         with:
           key: wt-${{ env.WT_VERSION }}
           path: ${{ runner.temp }}/wt.zip
-      - name: Download Windows Terminal
-        if: steps.restore-wt.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        shell: bash
+      - name: Install and configure portable Windows Terminal
+        working-directory: ui-tests
         run: |
-          curl -fLo "$RUNNER_TEMP/wt.zip" \
-          https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/releases/download/v$WT_VERSION/Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_${WT_VERSION}_x64.zip
+          powershell -File setup-portable-wt.ps1 -WtVersion $env:WT_VERSION -DestDir $env:RUNNER_TEMP
       - uses: actions/cache/save@v5
         if: steps.restore-wt.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         with:
           key: wt-${{ env.WT_VERSION }}
           path: ${{ runner.temp }}/wt.zip
-      - name: Install Windows Terminal
-        shell: bash
-        working-directory: ${{ runner.temp }}
-        run: |
-          "$WINDIR/system32/tar.exe" -xf "$RUNNER_TEMP/wt.zip" &&
-          cygpath -aw terminal-$WT_VERSION >>$GITHUB_PATH
       - uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         id: restore-ahk
         with:
@@ -99,10 +96,6 @@ jobs:
           "$WINDIR/system32/tar.exe" -C "$RUNNER_TEMP" -xvf "$RUNNER_TEMP/win32-openssh.zip" &&
           echo "OPENSSH_FOR_WINDOWS_DIRECTORY=$(cygpath -aw "$RUNNER_TEMP/OpenSSH-Win64")" >>$GITHUB_ENV
 
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-        with:
-          sparse-checkout: |
-            ui-tests
       - name: Minimize existing Log window
         working-directory: ui-tests
         run: |
@@ -124,13 +117,17 @@ jobs:
           & "${env:RUNNER_TEMP}\ahk\AutoHotKey64.exe" /ErrorStdOut /force ctrl-c.ahk "$PWD\ctrl-c" 2>&1 | Out-Default
           if (!$?) { $exitCode = 1; echo "::error::Ctrl+C Test failed!" } else { echo "::notice::Ctrl+C Test log" }
           type ctrl-c.log
+          & "${env:RUNNER_TEMP}\ahk\AutoHotKey64.exe" /ErrorStdOut /force keystroke-order.ahk "$PWD\keystroke-order" 2>&1 | Out-Default
+          if (!$?) { $exitCode = 1; echo "::error::Keystroke-order Test failed!" } else { echo "::notice::Keystroke-order Test log" }
+          type keystroke-order.log
           exit $exitCode
       - name: Show logs
         if: always()
         working-directory: ui-tests
         run: |
           type bg-hook.log
           type ctrl-c.log
+          type keystroke-order.log
       - name: Take screenshot, if canceled
         id: take-screenshot
         if: cancelled() || failure()

ui-tests/.gitattributes

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 *.ahk eol=lf
+*.ps1 eol=lf

ui-tests/background-hook.ahk

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ WaitForRegExInWindowsTerminal('`n49$', 'Timed out waiting for commit to finish',
 ; Verify that CursorUp shows the previous command
 Send('{Up}')
 Sleep 150
-Text := CaptureTextFromWindowsTerminal()
+Text := CaptureBufferFromWindowsTerminal()
 if not RegExMatch(Text, 'git commit --allow-empty -m zOMG *$')
     ExitWithError 'Cursor Up did not work: ' Text
 Info('Match!')

ui-tests/cpu-stress.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+$sleepExe = & cygpath.exe -aw /usr/bin/sleep.exe
+$procs = 1..[Environment]::ProcessorCount | ForEach-Object {
+    Start-Process -NoNewWindow -PassThru cmd.exe -ArgumentList '/c','for /L %i in (1,1,999999) do @echo . >NUL'
+}
+& $sleepExe 1
+$procs | Stop-Process -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

ui-tests/ctrl-c.ahk

@@ -151,11 +151,27 @@ if (openSSHPath != '' and FileExist(openSSHPath . '\sshd.exe')) {
     Info('Started SSH server: ' sshdPID)
 
     Info('Starting clone')
-    Send('git -c core.sshCommand="ssh ' . sshOptions . '" clone ' . cloneOptions . '{Enter}')
-    Sleep 500
-    Info('Waiting for clone to finish')
-    WinActivate('ahk_id ' . hwnd)
-    WaitForRegExInWindowsTerminal('Receiving objects: .*, done\.`r?`nPS .*>[ `n`r]*$', 'Timed out waiting for clone to finish', 'Clone finished', 15000, 'ahk_id ' . hwnd)
+    retries := 5
+    Loop retries {
+        Send('git -c core.sshCommand="ssh ' . sshOptions . '" clone ' . cloneOptions . '{Enter}')
+        Sleep 500
+        Info('Waiting for clone to finish (attempt ' . A_Index . '/' . retries . ')')
+        WinActivate('ahk_id ' . hwnd)
+        matchObj := WaitForRegExInWindowsTerminal('(Receiving objects: .*, done\.|fatal: early EOF)`r?`nPS .*>[ `n`r]*$', 'Timed out waiting for clone to finish', 'Clone command completed', 15000, 'ahk_id ' . hwnd)
+
+        if InStr(matchObj[1], 'done.')
+            break
+        if A_Index == retries
+            ExitWithError('Clone failed after ' . retries . ' attempts (early EOF)')
+        Info('Clone failed (early EOF), restarting SSH server and retrying...')
+        if DirExist(largeGitClonePath)
+            DirDelete(largeGitClonePath, true)
+        ; Restart sshd for the next attempt (it may have exited after the failed connection)
+        Run(openSSHPath . '\sshd.exe ' . sshdOptions, '', 'Hide', &sshdPID)
+        if A_LastError
+            ExitWithError 'Error restarting SSH server: ' A_LastError
+        Info('Restarted SSH server: ' sshdPID)
+    }
 
     if not DirExist(largeGitClonePath)
         ExitWithError('`large-clone` did not work?!?')

ui-tests/keystroke-order.ahk

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+#Requires AutoHotkey v2.0
+#Include ui-test-library.ahk
+
+; Reproducer for https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/5632
+;
+; Keystroke reordering: when a non-MSYS2 process runs in the foreground
+; of a PTY, keystrokes typed into bash arrive out of order because the
+; MSYS2 runtime's transfer_input() can reorder bytes across pipe buffers.
+;
+; The test types characters interleaved with backspaces while a non-MSYS
+; foreground process (powershell launching MSYS sleep) runs under CPU
+; stress. If backspace bytes get reordered relative to the characters
+; they should delete, readline produces wrong output.
+;
+; The test runs in two phases:
+;   Phase 1 (pcon enabled):  the default mode, exercises the pseudo
+;       console oscillation code paths in master::write().
+;   Phase 2 (disable_pcon):  sets MSYS=disable_pcon so that pseudo
+;       console is never created, exercising the non-pcon input routing
+;       and verifying that typeahead is preserved correctly.
+
+SetWorkTree('git-test-keystroke-order')
+
+testString := 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'
+
+hwnd := LaunchMintty()
+winId := 'ahk_id ' hwnd
+
+; Wait for bash prompt via HTML export (Ctrl+F5).
+deadline := A_TickCount + 60000
+while A_TickCount < deadline
+{
+    capture := CaptureBufferFromMintty(winId)
+    if InStr(capture, '$ ')
+        break
+    Sleep 500
+}
+if !InStr(capture, '$ ')
+    ExitWithError 'Timed out waiting for bash prompt'
+Info 'Bash prompt appeared'
+
+stressCmd := 'powershell.exe -File ' StrReplace(A_ScriptDir, '\', '/') '/cpu-stress.ps1'
+Info 'Foreground command: ' stressCmd
+
+; === Phase 1: pcon enabled (default) ===
+Info '=== Phase 1: pcon enabled ==='
+mismatch := RunKeystrokeTest(winId, stressCmd, testString, 20)
+
+if !mismatch
+{
+    ; === Phase 2: disable_pcon ===
+    Info '=== Phase 2: disable_pcon ==='
+    WinActivate(winId)
+    SetKeyDelay 20, 20
+    SendEvent('{Text}export MSYS=disable_pcon')
+    SendEvent('{Enter}')
+    Sleep 500
+
+    mismatch := RunKeystrokeTest(winId, stressCmd, testString, 5)
+}
+
+WinActivate(winId)
+SetKeyDelay 20, 20
+Send '{Ctrl down}c{Ctrl up}'
+Sleep 500
+SendEvent('{Text}exit')
+SendEvent('{Enter}')
+Sleep 1000
+ExitApp mismatch ? 1 : 0
+
+; Run the keystroke reordering test for a given number of iterations.
+; Returns true if a mismatch was detected, false if all iterations passed.
+RunKeystrokeTest(winId, stressCmd, testString, maxIterations) {
+    mismatch := false
+    chunkSize := 2
+
+    Loop maxIterations
+    {
+        iteration := A_Index
+        Info 'Iteration ' iteration ' of ' maxIterations
+
+        WinActivate(winId)
+
+        ; 1. Launch foreground stress process
+        SetKeyDelay 20, 20
+        SendEvent('{Text}' stressCmd)
+        SendEvent('{Enter}')
+
+        ; 2. Type with backspaces: send chunkSize chars + "XY" + BS*2 at a time.
+        SetKeyDelay 1, 1
+        Sleep 500
+        offset := 1
+        while offset <= StrLen(testString)
+        {
+            chunk := SubStr(testString, offset, chunkSize)
+            SendEvent('{Text}' chunk 'XY')
+            SendEvent('{Backspace}{Backspace}')
+            offset += chunkSize
+        }
+
+        ; 3. Poll the HTML export for what readline rendered after "$ ".
+        ;    The HTML shows the final screen state (backspaces already applied).
+        Sleep 2000
+        deadline := A_TickCount + 30000
+        while A_TickCount < deadline
+        {
+            text := CaptureBufferFromMintty(winId)
+
+            ; Find the last "$ " and extract the text after it
+            lastPrompt := 0
+            pos := 1
+            while pos := InStr(text, '$ ', , pos)
+            {
+                lastPrompt := pos
+                pos += 2
+            }
+            if lastPrompt > 0
+            {
+                after := Trim(SubStr(text, lastPrompt + 2))
+                ; Take first "word" (up to whitespace or end)
+                spPos := InStr(after, ' ')
+                if spPos > 0
+                    after := SubStr(after, 1, spPos - 1)
+
+                if after = testString
+                {
+                    Info 'Iteration ' iteration ': OK'
+                    break
+                }
+                if InStr(after, 'powershell') || InStr(after, 'sleep') || after = ''
+                {
+                    ; Stress command or bare prompt -- keep waiting
+                }
+                else if SubStr(testString, 1, StrLen(after)) != after
+                {
+                    Info 'MISMATCH in iteration ' iteration '!'
+                    Info 'Expected: ' testString
+                    Info 'Got:      ' after
+                    mismatch := true
+                    break
+                }
+            }
+            Sleep 500
+        }
+
+        if A_TickCount >= deadline
+        {
+            Info 'TIMEOUT in iteration ' iteration
+            mismatch := true
+            break
+        }
+        if mismatch
+            break
+
+        ; Clear readline buffer for next iteration
+        SetKeyDelay 20, 20
+        Send '{Ctrl down}u{Ctrl up}'
+        Sleep 300
+    }
+
+    if !mismatch
+        Info 'All ' maxIterations ' iterations passed'
+
+    return mismatch
+}

ui-tests/setup-portable-wt.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# Configures a portable Windows Terminal for the UI tests.
+#
+# Downloads WT if needed, then creates .portable marker and settings.json
+# with exportBuffer bound to Ctrl+Shift+F12. The export file lands in the
+# script's own directory (ui-tests/) so it gets uploaded as build artifact.
+#
+# The portable WT uses its own settings directory (next to the executable)
+# so it never touches the user's installed Windows Terminal configuration.
+
+param(
+    [string]$WtVersion = $env:WT_VERSION,
+    [string]$DestDir = $env:TEMP
+)
+
+if (-not $WtVersion) { $WtVersion = '1.22.11141.0' }
+
+$wtDir = "$DestDir\terminal-$WtVersion"
+$wtExe = "$wtDir\wt.exe"
+
+# Download if the directory doesn't contain wt.exe yet
+if (-not (Test-Path $wtExe)) {
+    $wtZip = "$DestDir\wt.zip"
+    if (-not (Test-Path $wtZip)) {
+        $url = "https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/releases/download/v$WtVersion/Microsoft.WindowsTerminal_${WtVersion}_x64.zip"
+        Write-Host "Downloading Windows Terminal $WtVersion ..."
+        curl.exe -fLo $wtZip $url
+        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "Download failed" }
+    }
+    Write-Host "Extracting ..."
+    & "$env:WINDIR\system32\tar.exe" -C $DestDir -xf $wtZip
+    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "Extract failed" }
+}
+
+# Create .portable marker so WT reads settings from settings\ next to wt.exe
+$portableMarker = "$wtDir\.portable"
+if (-not (Test-Path $portableMarker)) {
+    Set-Content -Path $portableMarker -Value ""
+}
+
+# Write settings.json with exportBuffer action
+$settingsDir = "$wtDir\settings"
+if (-not (Test-Path $settingsDir)) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $settingsDir -Force | Out-Null }
+
+$bufferExportPath = ($PSScriptRoot + '\wt-buffer-export.txt') -replace '\\', '/'
+
+$settings = @"
+{
+  "`$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",
+  "actions": [
+    {
+      "command": {
+        "action": "exportBuffer",
+        "path": "$bufferExportPath"
+      },
+      "id": "User.TestExportBuffer"
+    },
+    {
+      "command": { "action": "copy", "singleLine": false },
+      "id": "User.copy"
+    },
+    { "command": "paste", "id": "User.paste" }
+  ],
+  "copyFormatting": "none",
+  "copyOnSelect": false,
+  "defaultProfile": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
+  "keybindings": [
+    { "id": "User.TestExportBuffer", "keys": "ctrl+shift+f12" },
+    { "id": null, "keys": "ctrl+v" },
+    { "id": null, "keys": "ctrl+c" }
+  ],
+  "profiles": {
+    "defaults": {},
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "commandline": "%SystemRoot%\\System32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe",
+        "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
+        "hidden": false,
+        "name": "Windows PowerShell"
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "schemes": [],
+  "themes": []
+}
+"@
+
+Set-Content -Path "$settingsDir\settings.json" -Value $settings
+
+# Add WT to PATH if running in GitHub Actions
+if ($env:GITHUB_PATH) {
+    $wtDir | Out-File -Append -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH
+}
+
+Write-Host "Portable WT ready at: $wtDir"
+Write-Host "  exportBuffer path: $bufferExportPath"
+Write-Host "  exportBuffer key:  Ctrl+Shift+F12"