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@nataraj2 nataraj2 commented Jan 10, 2026

This PR implements a bulk surface treatment for the surface fluxes for momentum, sensible, and latent heat fluxes. Smagorinsky 3d LES, Kessler microphysics are used. No PBL scheme. This is intended only as a testing routine, and not for long term use.

  1. The animations show the velocity magnitude (km/hr) with and without the bulk surface treatment.
  2. The images show the hurricane track and the intensification ie. max speed vs time (in knots), with and without the bulf surface treatment.

Observations:

  • The sensible and latent heat flux source terms in the bulk surface treatment in the ocean are critical for intensification.
  • Even with increased values of drag coefficient over land, the decay on land was not captured. The decay on land is caused by dissipation mechanisms. The PBL scheme that enable vertical mixing and conveys the effect of surface drag vertically, is missing.

Katrina_NoSurface_BulkSurface

Screen Shot 2026-01-12 at 2 32 45 PM Screen Shot 2026-01-12 at 2 31 00 PM

@nataraj2 nataraj2 marked this pull request as draft January 10, 2026 23:23
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