C++ Projects

Introduction

C++ is a powerful and versatile programming language that builds upon the foundation of C while introducing object-oriented programming (OOP), stronger type safety, and various modern features. The following C++ modules provide a structured way to learn the language, from basic syntax to advanced concepts like templates, polymorphism, and memory management.

Structure of C++ Modules

This C++ learning path is divided into multiple modules, each progressively increasing in complexity. Here’s a general overview of what each module covers:

Module 00: Basics of C++

• Setting up a C++ environment
• Basic syntax, data types, and I/O operations
• Understanding classes and member functions
• The concept of Orthodox Canonical Form (OCF)

Module 01: Memory and Dynamic Allocation

• Introduction to heap memory management
• Using new and delete
• Understanding references and pointers
• The concept of zombie objects and preventing memory leaks

Module 02: Ad-hoc Polymorphism and Operator Overloading

• Function overloading
• Operator overloading
• The importance of const correctness

Module 03: Inheritance and Derived Classes

• Introduction to inheritance
• Base and derived classes
• Virtual functions and function overriding
• Abstract classes and pure virtual functions

Module 04: Subtype Polymorphism

• Understanding runtime polymorphism
• Virtual tables (vtable) and virtual pointers (vptr)
• dynamic_cast and type identification
• Handling exceptions and error management

Module 05: Files and Streams

• Working with file streams
• Input/output file handling
• String streams (std::stringstream)

Module 06: C++ Templates

• Function templates and class templates
• Template specialization and non-type parameters

Module 07: STL (Standard Template Library)

• Introduction to STL containers (vector, list, map, etc.)
• Iterators and algorithms
• Understanding the advantages of STL

Module 08 & 09: Advanced Topics

• Multithreading and concurrency
• Smart pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr)
• Understanding RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization)

Key Rules and Constraints

• No use of STL containers or algorithms before Module 08 & 09.
• Code must be compiled with

  c++ -Wall -Wextra -Werror -std=c++98

• Follow good coding practices: Use proper encapsulation, avoid memory leaks, and adhere to the C++ style guide.

Tips for Success

• Understand memory management: C++ gives fine control over memory, making it essential to properly allocate and deallocate memory.
• Practice object-oriented design: Modular and reusable code will make complex projects easier to manage.
• Debug effectively: Learn to use gdb or lldb for debugging your programs.
• Ask for peer reviews: Code reviews help improve understanding and catch hidden issues.

Conclusion

This C++ learning path is designed to help you develop strong problem-solving skills while learning an industry-relevant language. By progressing through these modules, you will gain a deep understanding of both the fundamentals and the advanced capabilities of C++. 🚀