feat(go): initialize a minimal Go module and CI workflow for the upcoming Go SDK

[ZekiLiu]

Introduce a minimal Go module and CI workflow (Go 1.21) for the upcoming Go SDK.

Reason for this PR

This PR bootstraps the initial Go SDK skeleton under go//graphar/ and sets up CI to run Go tests.
It is intended to provide a minimal, reviewable baseline so the community can iterate on the Go SDK design and implementation incrementally. #828

What changes are included in this PR?

• Add a Go module under go/graphar/ (go/graphar/go.mod, Go 1.21).
• Add a minimal SDK entrypoint (graphar.Client and graphar.NewClient()).
• Add a minimal unit test to ensure the module is buildable and testable.
• Add a GitHub Actions workflow (.github/workflows/go.yml) to run go test on changes in go/graphar/**.
• Add go/graphar/Makefile with make test for a consistent developer workflow (aligned with other language subprojects).

Are these changes tested?

Yes.

• Unit test: go test ./... (executed in CI via .github/workflows/go.yml).
• The CI workflow is path-filtered to run when Go-related files change.

Are there any user-facing changes?

No. This PR only introduces the initial project skeleton and CI for the Go SDK; it does not implement GraphAr format reading/writing yet.

[ZekiLiu]

The previous license header check was failing because the header text didn’t match the expected template exactly (it was missing a space). I’ve updated the header formatting to match the template so the licencse check can pass.

[ZekiLiu]

Map go.* and go.mod to use the double-slash (//) comment style for proper header injection.

Reference: apache/fory/licenserc.toml

And verify these changes locally using Docker with the following command

docker run --rm \
  -v "$PWD:/github/workspace" \
  -w /github/workspace \
  -e "GITHUB_WORKSPACE=/github/workspace" \
  -e "CI=true" \
  ghcr.io/korandoru/hawkeye-native:v4.0.5 \
  check --config licenserc.toml

Result:

[main] WARN io.korandoru.hawkeye.command.HawkEyeCommandCheck - Processing unknown files: [/github/workspace/cpp/Doxyfile, /github/workspace/cpp/.clang-format, /github/workspace/python/.clang-format, /github/workspace/maven-projects/java/cmake/graphar-cpp.cmake, /github/workspace/.devcontainer/Makefile, /github/workspace/dev/release/conda_env_scala.txt, /github/workspace/dev/release/conda_env_cpp.txt, /github/workspace/cpp/graphar-config.in.cmake, /github/workspace/pyspark/template/module.html.jinja2, /github/workspace/go/Makefile, /github/workspace/cpp/cmake/apache-arrow.cmake, /github/workspace/cpp/Brewfile, /github/workspace/pyspark/Makefile, /github/workspace/cpp/graphar-config-version.in.cmake, /github/workspace/python/Makefile, /github/workspace/python/poetry.lock]
[main] INFO io.korandoru.hawkeye.command.HawkEyeCommandCheck - No missing header file has been found.

[yangxk1]

Hi @ZekiLiu, thank you for doing so much. When the go file structure is ready, we should send an email to dev@graphar.apache.org for discussion and voting.

https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@graphar.apache.org

[ZekiLiu]

Hi @ZekiLiu, thank you for doing so much. When the go file structure is ready, we should send an email to dev@graphar.apache.org for discussion and voting.

https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@graphar.apache.org

Got it, thank you!