The triact R package assists in analyzing the lying behavior of cows from raw data recorded with a triaxial accelerometer attached to the hind leg. Background and rationale of the implemented analyses are described in detail in the following publication:
Simmler, M., Brouwers, S.P., 2024. triact package for R: analyzing the lying behavior of cows from accelerometer data. PeerJ 12, e17036. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17036
# Install from CRAN (recommended)
install.packages("triact")
# Or the development version from Github:
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("agroscope-ch/triact", build_vignettes = TRUE)Michael Simmler, Agroscope (Link)
(last updated: 05.04.2025)
Brouwers S.P., Schug A.F.E., Simmler M., Savary P., 2025. The effect of neck strap positioning relative to dairy cow body size on rising, lying down, and defecation behaviour in lying cubicles. animal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2025.101507
Knoll M., Raudies C., Gygax L., 2025. Behavioural complexity in fattening pigs II. Accelerometer-based validation of a novel welfare indicator with potential for automation. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2025.106606
Brouwers S.P., Simmler M., Scriba M.F., Savary P., 2024. Cubicle design and dairy cow rising and lying down behaviours in free-stalls with insufficient lunge space. animal 18, 101314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2024.101314
Knoll M., Gygax L., Hillmann E., 2024. Sow serenity: automatic long-term measurement of lying behavior in crates and free-farrowing pens using 3D accelerometers. Journal of Animal Science 102, skae101. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae101
Holinger M., Bühl V., Helbing M., Pieper L., Kürmann S., Pontiggia A., Dohme-Meier F., Keil N., Ammer S., 2024. Behavioural changes to moderate heat load in grazing dairy cows under on-farm conditions. Livestock Science 279, 105376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2023.105376
Brouwers S.P., Simmler M., Savary P., Scriba M.F., 2023. Towards a novel method for detecting atypical lying down and standing up behaviors in dairy cows using accelerometers and machine learning. Smart Agricultural Technology 4, 100199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2023.100199