Terminal Walk Through

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Lesson Objectives

​ After this workshop, participants will be able to ​

• Use Terminal to navigate files and folders
• Change preferences
• Create files and folders on the command line
• Build and open and use a file structure

Terminal

​ Open Terminal ​

• ⌘ (Command) + Space, or open Spotlight
• "Terminal"
• Enter ​
• Keep it locked in your dock. Right click on the icon, highlight options, check "Keep in Dock". ​

Terminal Preferences ​ You can change the color of your Terminal and the font size. It is recommended to make your Terminal output easier to read, rather than the tiny default output. ​

Terminal > Preferences > Pro ​

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• Before this code along type this in the terminal brew intsall tree
• ls command just shows the directories while tree shows that and the files within
• This makes it easy to see the file structure in your current working directory
• Very powerful command so be careful where your at when you run the tree command

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MAKING DIRECTORIES AND FILES

​ mkdir - makes a directory

​ Example: ​ - `mkdir directory_name` ​ > makes a directory called 'directory_name'` ​
​ `touch` - creates an empty file. A file typically will have a **file extension** like `.html` whereas a directory will not. ​ ​ Example: ​ - `touch index.html` ​ > makes a .html file ​

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Success tip: staying organized throughout the class

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• Be obsessive, starting today
• Inside your home folder, create a folder where everything from the class will live, and always put everything from class in there:

​ Example: ​ - `mkdir SEA` ​ > makes a SEA folder

• In that folder, make a new folder for each topic we will be going over in class. Suggestion below: ​

• mkdir web_dev_fundamentals
• cd web_dev_fundamentals ​

• In that folder make a new folder for each lesson or lab or homework and give that folder a nice descriptive name, for example: ​

• mkdir practice_terminal
• cd practice_terminal
• pwd
• typing in pwd just to make sure we are in the right directory

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Activity

​ ​ Build, Navigate a Directory
​ ​ Using what you know about navigating directories and creating files and folders, construct a 'hello_world' in today's folder.

​ Precision is important. There are a few layers to this exercise. Be patient. ​

• Make sure you are in the correct directory when you go to create another directory or file.
• Be sure to always check this by the command pwd
• Make sure you use touch to make files, and mkdir to make directories. files and directories are two different things. ​

• Create today's folder structure

• mkdir hello_world
• cd hello_world​
• touch index.html
• mkdir css
• mkdir js

​ css and js are child directories of the hello_world directory.
​ ​ index.html is a file inside the the hello_world directory which is also the root directory.
​ ​

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Navigation: RELATIVE PATHS

​ Chain more directories to the current path with the / separator ​

• Go down the chain into child directories
  • cd parent_directory
  • cd parent_directory/child_directory
  • cd parent_directory/child_directory/grandchild_directory ​
• Go up the chain into parent directories
  • cd ..
  • cd ../..
  • cd ../../.. ​
• Go sideways into a sibling directory by first going up, then down
  • cd ../sibling_directory ​
• Go into an aunt or uncle directory by first going up to the parent, then the grandparent, then down again on another branch: ​
  • cd ../../auntie_directory ​

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Navigation: ABSOLUTE PATH

​ Move anywhere relative to the home directory: ​ cd ~/ - the path starts in home directory

​ Example: ​ - `cd ~/hello_world/js` ​ Navigates to the js folder no matter where you are currently located in your filesystem ​ > NOTE: You can combine absolute and relative pathing when copying or moving files from one location to another with `cp` and `mv`. ​ #### Jump back ​ - `cd -` if you cd to a (far-away) absolute path you can go to the previous directory this way ​
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Code along
​ ​ Navigate the hello_world
​ ​

• Navigate to the hello_world root directory
• From the hello_world root directory, navigate to the js
• From the js, navigate to the css
• From the css, navigate to the root directory ​

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Activity
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​ Create file structure
​ ​ For each of these, write your command on one line ​

• Navigate to the root directory
• check where your at with the pwd to make sure your in the right folder
• From the root directory, navigate to the css
• From the css create a file style.css
• From the css, navigate back up the root directory
• From the root directory, navigate to the js
• From the js, create a file app.js
• From the js, navigate to the root
• From the root directory type in the tree command
• You should be able to see your file structure now

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Take aways

• Should now be able to navagate through your computer

• Be able to create folders and files