multiformats: rewrite multiaddr module

[uink45]

Summary

• rewrite multiaddr parsing/serialization around bounded iterator helpers and explicit protocol validation
• normalize multiaddr public error-code typing to multiaddr_error_t constants while preserving API behavior
• replace multiaddr tests with expanded positive/negative/boundary/regression coverage
• add shared utility wrappers for memory and IP text/binary conversion used by rewritten paths

Scope

• include/multiformats/multiaddr/multiaddr.h
• src/multiformats/multiaddr/multiaddr.c
• tests/multiformats/multiaddr/test_multiaddr.c
• include/util/memory.h
• src/util/memory.c
• include/util/net_addr.h
• src/util/net_addr.c
• CMakeLists.txt

Validation

• cmake --build --preset macos-full --target multiaddr test_multiaddr test_identify_multiaddr_wire
• ctest --preset macos-full -R '^(Testmultiaddr|TestIdentifyMultiaddrWire|Testprotocol_tcp|Testprotocol_identify_roundtrip|Testquic_can_handle|Testquic_listener_lifecycle)$' --output-on-failure
• cmake --preset linux-asan-ubsan
• cmake --build --preset linux-asan-ubsan --target test_multiaddr test_identify_multiaddr_wire
• ctest --preset linux-asan-ubsan -R '^(Testmultiaddr|TestIdentifyMultiaddrWire)$' --output-on-failure
• clang-format --style=file --dry-run --Werror include/multiformats/multiaddr/multiaddr.h src/multiformats/multiaddr/multiaddr.c tests/multiformats/multiaddr/test_multiaddr.c include/util/memory.h include/util/net_addr.h src/util/memory.c src/util/net_addr.c
• cppcheck --error-exitcode=1 --std=c99 --enable=warning,portability --quiet --suppress=missingIncludeSystem src/multiformats include/multiformats tests/multiformats src/peer_id include/peer_id tests/peer_id
• cppcheck --std=c99 --enable=all --check-level=exhaustive --quiet --suppress=missingIncludeSystem --suppress='*:tests/*' --addon=/opt/homebrew/share/cppcheck/addons/misra.py -I include src/multiformats/multiaddr include/multiformats/multiaddr tests/multiformats/multiaddr
• scripts/dev/run-fast-lane-local.sh --platform macos