Copy these files into a subfolder of your project, I always use /docker and then run make docker.build after this is successful you can run make docker.shell which will start your Docker container. Then inside you can cd ~/src/ and there you can trigger make or however you build your project.
The reason for putting it in a sub directory is because when Docker starts it will copy all files from the folder the Dockerfile is located into the Docker container, which takes a lot of time, not the -v option will just mount the ../ folder to ~/src. So you can keep editing on your host machine and building/running inside the Docker container.