Distributed Traction System Retrofit + Auxiliary Power Unit Simulation This project presents a dual-subpart retrofit solution aimed at modernizing existing Indian Railway express trains by utilizing current infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and sustainability. Subpart 1: Distributed Traction System Retrofit involves motorizing every 4th coach in a 6-coach static train set prototype, a Single Motor coach Network Model, powered by the loco pantograph and synchronized via microcontrollers[dataLines and Powerlines]. This distributed propulsion system reduces energy consumption, coupler stress, jerks, and braking delays, offering a scalable, affordable alternative to entirely new trainsets. Basically, allows us to convert an existing Single Locomotive Train into a semi bullet train, due to presence of pseudo-locomotives at every 4th coach. Subpart 2: Thermal Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) harnesses waste thermal energy from locomotive exhausts or heating surfaces like Hot Axle contacts to generate electrical power. The working prototype produces 1.53 V and 0.155 A, providing auxiliary power to onboard components, improving overall energy utilization. Compared to the ₹115 crores cost of procuring a new Vande Bharat train, this retrofit costs approximately ₹15 lakhs per train, enabling affordable modernization without scrapping existing rolling stock while leveraging existing 25 kV AC overhead electrification. This integrated approach enhances safety, comfort, and energy efficiency, supporting India's net-zero goals through sustainable and scalable railway upgrades.
-Kavin Krishnan C