docs: enhance Trigonometry 01 with comprehensive improvements and MathWorld links

[AronT-TLV]

Major Enhancements:

✅ Content Improvements:

• Fixed all markdown lint errors (MD022, MD032, MD047)
• Added proper definitions for degrees, radians, and gradians
• Enhanced Arc Length and Sector Area section with motivation and real-world applications
• Improved structure with clear definition vs. usage distinctions
• Converted Key Relationships to professional LaTeX table format

✅ MathWorld Educational Links (7 total):

• Angle: Core geometric concept definition
• Degree: Angular measurement unit with historical context
• Radian: Natural angular measurement based on arc length
• Gradian: Alternative angular measurement system
• Arc: Circular geometry definition with visualization
• Arc Length: Curved distance measurement along circles
• Circular Sector: Wedge-shaped portion of a circle

✅ Content Reorganization:

• Moved trigonometric function references to document 02 with clear TODO
• Separated computational logic from trigonometric dependencies
• Document now focuses purely on angle measurement concepts
• Comprehensive coverage of non-trigonometric angle aspects

✅ Document 02 Updates:

• Added TODO section with moved trigonometric content
• Clear notes for future content integration

Educational Impact:

• Enhanced theoretical foundation while maintaining practical focus
• Authoritative cross-references to MathWorld for deeper learning
• Systematic progression from basic concepts to applications
• Ready foundation for trigonometric function study

Files Modified:

• docs/src/Trigonometry/01 Angles & Measurements.md
• docs/src/Trigonometry/02 Trigonometric Functions.md