Add C++20 concepts for frame type interfaces

[Copilot]

Description

Adds C++20 concepts defining common interfaces across frame types, enabling compile-time type checking and generic programming with detector data structures.

Implementation

Core concepts (12 total organized by category):

• Data access: HasADC (single-sample), HasADCSample (TDE16Frame interface), HasChannelData (WIBFrame channel-based), HasMultiSampleADC (WIBEthFrame multi-sample)
• Metadata: HasTimestamp, HasChannel, HasHeader
• Composite: IsFrame (timestamp + any data access), IsCompleteFrame (adds channel ID)
• Binary format: BinaryCompatible, FrameHeader, WordBased, ADCData

Design decisions:

• Non-intrusive: works with existing interfaces without modification
• Flexible: accommodates different naming conventions (get_adc vs get_channel vs get_adc_sample)
• Each frame type satisfies IsFrame via its specific data access pattern

Usage example:

#include "fddetdataformats/Concepts.hpp"

// Generic processing for any frame type
template<IsFrame F>
void process_frame(const F& frame) {
  auto timestamp = frame.get_timestamp();
  // ...
}

// Constrained to specific interface
template<HasADC F>
uint16_t read_adc(const F& frame, int ch) {
  return frame.get_adc(ch);
}

Type of change

• New feature or enhancement (non-breaking change which adds functionality)

Testing checklist

• Unit tests pass (e.g. dbt-build --unittest)
• Minimal system quicktest passes (pytest -s minimal_system_quick_test.py)
• Full set of integration tests pass (daqsystemtest_integtest_bundle.sh)
• Python tests pass if applicable (e.g. python -m pytest)
• Pre-commit hooks run successfully if applicable (e.g. pre-commit run --all-files)

Comprehensive unit tests added in Concepts_test.cxx verifying all concepts against all frame types. Concepts verified to compile with g++ 13.3.0 and C++20.

Further checks

• Code is commented where needed, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• Code style is correct (dbt-build --lint, and/or see https://dune-daq-sw.readthedocs.io/en/latest/packages/styleguide/)
• If applicable, new tests have been added or an issue has been opened to tackle that in the future.

All concepts documented with usage examples in docs/README.md.

Original prompt

Create a set of C++20 concepts to apply to the structs in this repository

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