- Browsers:People access websites using software called a web browser.
- Web Servers:When you ask your browser fora web page, the request is sent across the Internet to a special computer known as a web server which hosts the website.
- Screen readers : are programs that read out the contents of a computer screen to a user.
How the Web Works When you visit a website, the web server hosting that site could be anywhere in the world. In order for you to find the location of the web server, your browser will first connect to a Domain Name System (DNS) server.
Structure
HTML Describes the Structure of Pages :
To describe the structure of a web page, we add code to the words we want
to appear on the page.
Tags
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A Closer Look at Tags : <></> Attributes provide additional information about the contents of an element. They appear on the opening tag of the element and are made up of two parts: a name and a value, separated by an equals sign. ex: p lang="en-us" Paragraph in English
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body: Everything inside this element is shown inside the main browser window.
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head : element. This contains information about the page.
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title: element are either shown in the top of the browser.
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Comments in HTML :
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ID Attribute :< tag id="id for tag">< tag />
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class attribute: way to identify several elements as being different from the other elements on the page.
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Block elements are < h1>, < p>, < ul>, and < li>
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inline elements are a,b, em, and img
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Grouping Text & Elements In a Block :The < div> element allows you to group a set of elements together in one block-level box.
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Grouping Text and Elements Inline :The span element acts like an inline equivalent of the div .
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An iframe is like a little window that has been cut into your page — and in that window you can see another page .
Extra Markup Since the web was first created, there have been several different versions of HTML:
- Html 4: With the exception of a few elements added in HTML5.
- XHTML 1.0 : In 1998, a language called XML was published. Its purpose was to allow people to write new markup languages.
Escape Characters
HTML5 Layout
HTML5 introduces a new set of elements that allow you to divide up the parts of a page.
The header and footer elements can be used for:
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The main header or footer that appears at the top or bottom of every page on the site.
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A header or footer for an individual article or section within the page
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The article element acts as a container for any section of a page that could stand alone and potentially be syndicated .
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The purpose of the hgroup element is to group together a set of one or more h1 through h6 elements so that they are treated as one single heading .
Who is the Site For? Every website should be designed for the target audience—not just for yourself or the site owner.
Why People Visit YOUR Website?
- Key Motivations
- Specific Goals
How Often People Will Visit Your Site? Some sites benefit from being updated more frequently than others. Some information.
WireframeA wireframe is a simple sketch of the key information that needs to go on each page of a site. It shows the hierarchy of the information and how much space it might require.
site map The aim is to create a diagram of the pages that will be used to structure the site.
Designing Navigation Site navigation not only helps people find where they want to go, but also helps them understand what your site is about and how it is organized.
grouping and SimilarityWhen making sense of a design, we tend to organize visual elements into groups.
Visual hierarchyMost web users do not read entire pages. Rather, they skim to find information.
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A What is a script and how do I How do computers fit in with
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B How do I write a script for a
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c create one? the world around them? web page?
A script is a series of instructions that a computer can follow to achieve a goal.
** A script is a series of instructions that the computer can follow in order to achieve a goal. **
** Each time the script runs, it might only use a subset of all the instructions. **
** Computers approach tasks in a different way than humans, so your instructions must let the computer solve the task prggrammatically. **
** To approach writing a script, break down your goal into a series of tasks and then work out each step needed to complete that task (a flowchart can help). **
Each object can have its own:
- Properties
- Events
- Methods
In the real world, people interact with objects. These interactions can change the values of the properties in these objects.
Methods represent things people need to do with objects. They can retrieve or update the values of an object's properties.