Indicators for periodic patterns

[alexgenin]

Right now indicators only focus on aperiodic pattern, redirecting the reader/user to Kefi et al. 2014 in this case. But this paper says :

In ecosystems exhibiting periodic patterns, as the level of
external stress increases, a predictable sequence of self-organized
patterns based on ‘Turing instability’ occurs. In isotropic areas (i.e.
no preferred orientation of the pattern) the shape of the patterns
shifts from gaps to labyrinths and to spots as the system becomes
more degraded. Thus, spotted vegetation patterns have been
proposed to be an early warning signal of imminent desertification
in drylands characterized by periodic patterns [16,22]. In
anisotropic areas with band-like patterns, the wavelength increases
as the system approaches a transition [43].

We could probably go ahead and implement what is suggested there, namely:

• for isotropic structures -> skewness of pixel distribution (easy)
• for anisotropic ones -> Bandwidth (?)