diff --git "a/2021-11-16-Python\347\274\226\347\250\213\346\225\264\347\220\206.ipynb" "b/2021-11-16-Python\347\274\226\347\250\213\346\225\264\347\220\206.ipynb"
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+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Python 复习"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "---\n",
+    "\n",
+    "layout:post           \n",
+    "\n",
+    "tutle: Python 复习\n",
+    "\n",
+    "date: 2021-11-14\n",
+    "\n",
+    "author: Moon\n",
+    "\n",
+    "categories: \n",
+    "\n",
+    "|-数据分析部\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tags：\n",
+    "\n",
+    "|-Python 复习\n",
+    "\n",
+    "---"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 1.while循环"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 输出从1加到99的总和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "总和为： 4950\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "```python\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "i=1\n",
+    "while i<=99:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i+=1\n",
+    "print(\"总和为：\",n)\n",
+    "```"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 输出从1加到用户指定数字的总和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "1+...+ 3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#法一  （用while循环）\n",
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个整数：\"))#注意转化为数字类型\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "i=1\n",
+    "while i<=a:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i+=1\n",
+    "print('1+...+',a,\"=\",n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "1+...+ 3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#法二   （用for in 循环）\n",
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个整数：\"))\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "for i in  range(a):\n",
+    "    n=n+i+1              #range函数为左闭右开区间 所以后面要+1\n",
+    "print('1+...+',a,\"=\",n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 对用户输入的一系列整数求和并计数，当用户输入0，程序结束输入"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 53,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：2\n",
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "请输入一个整数：0\n",
+      "和为： 5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#if 和 while的结合\n",
+    "i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "while i!=0:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))\n",
+    "print('和为：',n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 从键盘接收两个整数，编程求出这两个整数的最大公约数和最小公倍数。（求自最大公约数可用辗转相除法：两个整数的最大公约数等于其中较小者与  较大者对较小者余数  的最大公约数，循环下去，直到余数为零结束，此时的较小者即为最大公约数。）"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 60,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔：2,3\n",
+      "zdgys= 1\n",
+      "zdgbs= 6.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a,b=eval(input(\"请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔：\"))\n",
+    "x,y=a,b\n",
+    "while y!=0:\n",
+    "    m=x%y\n",
+    "    x=y\n",
+    "    y=m\n",
+    "print(\"zdgys=\",x)\n",
+    "print(\"zdgbs=\",a*b/x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 2.if 类题型"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1.按照 1$ = 6￥ 人民币的汇率,编写一个美元和人民币的双向兑换程序,并运行"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：6￥\n",
+      "6￥转化为美元为：1.00\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "6￥\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "m=input('请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：')\n",
+    "if m[-1]==\"$\":\n",
+    "    ren=eval(m[0:-1])*6\n",
+    "    print(m+\"转化为人民币为：{:.2f}\".format(ren))\n",
+    "elif m[-1]==\"￥\":\n",
+    "    mei=eval(m[0:-1])/6\n",
+    "    print(m+\"转化为美元为：{:.2f}\".format(mei))\n",
+    "    print(m[0:-1])  # m[0:1]为左闭右开\n",
+    "    print(m)\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print('输入无效')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "###### 小tips ——str函数能将数值型变量转换成字符串，这样就可以用+连接字符串"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#####     关于进制转化\n",
+    "格式化输出65的二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制的表达形式，及其对应的unicode字符"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "十进制65的二进制为：0B1000001,八进制为0O101,十六进制为：0X41,对应的unicode字符为A \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('十进制{0}的二进制为：0B{0:b},八进制为0O{0:o},十六进制为：0X{0:X},对应的unicode字符为{0:c} '.format(65))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 “回文数\"是一种数字，如:98789, 这个数字正读是98789,倒读也是98789,正读倒读一样,这个数字就是回文数。编程实现判定输入的任意一个整数是否是回文数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入任意整数:987\n",
+      "987不是回文数\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=str(input('请输入任意整数:'))\n",
+    "if a==a[::-1]:\n",
+    "          print('{}是回文数'.format(a))\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "          print('{}不是回文数'.format(a))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "789\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=\"987\"  \n",
+    "print(a[::-1])    #[::-1]是翻转"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "NameError",
+     "evalue": "name 'python' is not defined",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-15-09a3f1991a6c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpython\u001b[0m  \u001b[1;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"Python\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"GO\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"C\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"C++\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'python' is not defined"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(python  in [\"Python\", \"GO\", \"C\", \"C++\"])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'他说：\"你好啊\"。'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sayHi = \"他说：\\\"你好啊\\\"。\"\n",
+    "sayHi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "'tuple' object does not support item assignment",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-12-41e350d01c75>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m6\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x=(4,5,6)\n",
+    "x[1] = 10\n",
+    "print(x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 用户设置（即输入）密码，要求密码至少8位，而且只能包含字母汉字、数字、下划线，请编程实现密码输入，并判定其是否合法"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入密码：123_13lsmde_13\n",
+      "密码满足要求\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#可以删除_之后再用isalnum()判断\n",
+    "#isalnum()函数可以判断的字符包括数字、字母、中文字符\n",
+    "passw=input(\"请输入密码：\")\n",
+    "if len(passw)<8:\n",
+    "    print(\"密码不合法\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    if \"_\" in passw:\n",
+    "        passw=passw.replace(\"_\",\"\")\n",
+    "    if passw.isalnum():\n",
+    "        print(\"密码满足要求\")\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        print(\"密码不满足要求\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 3. for in 循环"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1（条件中条件）1、完数指一个数恰好等于它的所有因子之和（不包括其本身）。例：6的因子是1,2,3，而6=1+2+3,因此6是完数，编程输出1000之内的所有完数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 52,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "6\n",
+      "28\n",
+      "496\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for i in range(3,1001):\n",
+    "    n=0\n",
+    "    for v in range(1,i):\n",
+    "        if i%v==0:\n",
+    "            n=n+v\n",
+    "    if n==i: #此处就是与for平级关系\n",
+    "        print(i)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 一只公鸡5元钱，一只母鸡3元钱，三只小鸡1元钱，用100元钱买100只鸡，有几种方案？分别写出。输出格式为：\n",
+    "第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75    \n",
+    "第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78    "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75\n",
+      "第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78\n",
+      "第3组解：公鸡：8 母鸡：11 小鸡：81\n",
+      "第4组解：公鸡：12 母鸡：4 小鸡：84\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=0\n",
+    "for x in range(0,21):\n",
+    "    for y in range(0,34):\n",
+    "        if x*5+y*3+(100-x-y)/3==100:\n",
+    "            s=s+1\n",
+    "            print(\"第{}组解：公鸡：{} 母鸡：{} 小鸡：{}\".format(s,x,y,100-x-y))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 输出10000之内的所有水仙花数。水仙花数是一个n（n>=3）位数，它的每个位上的数字的n次幂之和等于其本身"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "7\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "9\n",
+      "153\n",
+      "370\n",
+      "371\n",
+      "407\n",
+      "1634\n",
+      "8208\n",
+      "9474\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for i in range(1,10001):   #着重看\n",
+    "    a=str(i)\n",
+    "    b=len(a)\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for v in range(0,b):\n",
+    "        s=s+pow(int(a[v]),b)\n",
+    "    if s==i:\n",
+    "        print(s)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 编写程序，用户输入一个合数，程序将其分解为质因式输出，如：60=2* 2* 3* 5"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个合数：60\n",
+      "60=2*2*3*5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入一个合数：\"))       #法一\n",
+    "s=str(n)+\"=\"\n",
+    "for i in range(2,n): #i设定为除数\n",
+    "    while n % i==0: #若i除尽n,则i为质因数，重置被除数，连续除i\n",
+    "        s=s+str(i)+\"*\"\n",
+    "        n=n//i    #布置下一次的被除数\n",
+    "print(s[0:-1])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个合数:60\n",
+      "因式分解的结果是:60=2*2*3*5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个合数:\"))     #法二\n",
+    "b=2\n",
+    "c=\"\"\n",
+    "d=a\n",
+    "def sushu(n):\n",
+    "          for i in range(2,n):\n",
+    "                    if n%i==0:\n",
+    "                              break\n",
+    "          else:\n",
+    "                    return True\n",
+    "while b<=a:                           #如果用for in循环无法让一个数重复\n",
+    "          if a%b==0 and sushu(b):\n",
+    "                    c=c+str(b)+\"*\"\n",
+    "                    a=a/b\n",
+    "          else:\n",
+    "                    b=b+1 \n",
+    "print('因式分解的结果是:{}={}'.format(d,c[:-1]))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 4. 函数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写实现求一个整数参数的偶数位之和的函数,函数名为evensum。调用该函数，输出整数123456的偶数位的和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def evensum(n):\n",
+    "    v=str(n)\n",
+    "    m=v[-2::-2]\n",
+    "    a=0\n",
+    "    c=\"\"\n",
+    "    for i in range(len(m)):\n",
+    "        s=int(m[i])\n",
+    "        a=a+s\n",
+    "    return a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(evensum(123456))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### tips int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2  编写函数，实现将二进制字符串转化为10进制数。参数为字符串，返回值为数值。编程实现用户输入二进制数，输出十进制数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "8\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def f(n):\n",
+    "    s=int(n,2)  #int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数\n",
+    "    return s\n",
+    "print(f('1000'))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写匿名函数，实现：传入一个字符串，返回不包含空格在内的字符的个数。调用匿名函数实现对用户输入的字符串进行上述处理，并输出字符串长度。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入字符串：12ijif jfnc \n",
+      "字符串长度: 10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "process=lambda a:len(a.replace(\" \",\"\"))\n",
+    "v=input(\"请输入字符串：\")\n",
+    "print(\"字符串长度:\",process(v))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 异常处理"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 实现isNum()函数，参数为一个字符串，如果这个字符串属于整数、浮点数，则返回True，否则返回False。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def isNum(n):    \n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        if type(eval(n))in [int, float]:    \n",
+    "            return True\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            return False\n",
+    "    except:\n",
+    "        return False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例5 实现isPrime()函数，参数为整数，要有异常处理。如果整数是质数，返回True，否则返回False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：13\n",
+      "13 是素数\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def isPrime(n):\n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        a=int(n)\n",
+    "        for i in range(2,a):\n",
+    "            if a%i==0:      #判断素数要把循环全部遍历完再判断\n",
+    "                break\n",
+    "        if i==a-1:\n",
+    "            return True\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            return False\n",
+    "    except:         #不在except段直接return False 可以避免输入有误和输入非质数混淆\n",
+    "        print(\"不合法元素\")\n",
+    "        exit(0)                              #终止程序\n",
+    "\n",
+    "y=input(\"请输入一个整数：\")\n",
+    "if isPrime(y):\n",
+    "    print(y,\"是素数\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(y,\"不是素数\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例6 编写一个递归函数，实现将十进制数转化为二进制串，并调用该函数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "10100\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def zhuan(x):          #法一\n",
+    "    if x==0:\n",
+    "        return \"\" #当商为0时，无需转换，因此返回空\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        z=x%2    #生成余数\n",
+    "        x=x//2   #布置下一次的被除数\n",
+    "        return zhuan(x)+ str(z) #将生成的余数从左边进行连接，符合二进制数生成规律（递归）\n",
+    "s1=zhuan(20)\n",
+    "print(s1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个十进制数:6\n",
+      "它的二进制为: 110\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=\"\"\n",
+    "def digui(n):\n",
+    "    global s    #声明s为全局变量，则每次函数调用，都可使用和修改s\n",
+    "    x,y=divmod(n,2)#x为商，y为余数\n",
+    "    s=s+str(y)\n",
+    "    if x>=1:\n",
+    "        return digui(x) #商大于等于1时，继续短除法（递归）\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return s[::-1] #将得到的字符串逆序，以符合二进制数生成规律\n",
+    "a=eval(input(\"请输入一个十进制数:\"))\n",
+    "p=digui(a)\n",
+    "print(\"它的二进制为:\",p)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 引用函数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写程序，利用random库，生成10个随机密码，每个密码固定为10个字符，字符可能是26个小写字母，也可能是10个数字，也可能是!@#￥%^&*8个特殊符号。输出格式为：\n",
+    "hcnk%xtp  \n",
+    "5c6fltm@    \n",
+    "*x*8ddz&   \n",
+    "4clc0dbn   \n",
+    "y651qrdx    \n",
+    ".......\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2#q￥k%z*x￥\n",
+      "7*vlvktm^i\n",
+      "x64on^@b0t\n",
+      "7c!t3%dga5\n",
+      "x5fpkv%q7r\n",
+      "uhvtyly2b&\n",
+      "!&bdyk8p4f\n",
+      "e0@razfnbs\n",
+      "rgqax5vsl4\n",
+      "4q#alwd1uf\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "v=\"0123456789!@#￥%^&*abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\"\n",
+    "for n in range (0,10):\n",
+    "    password=\"\"\n",
+    "    for i in range(0,10):\n",
+    "        a=random.randint(0,43)\n",
+    "        password=password+v[a]\n",
+    "    print(password)  "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 编程实现：请验证1000以内的偶数是否符合哥德巴赫猜想。哥德巴赫猜想：任何一个大于等于6的偶数均可表示为两个素数之和。例如6=3+3,8=3+5,…,18=7+11。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "6=3+3 \n",
+      "8=3+5 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def sushu(n):\n",
+    "    for i in range(2,n):\n",
+    "        if n % i == 0:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "    if i == n-1:\n",
+    "        return True\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return False\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "for m in range(6,10,2):\n",
+    "    for a in range(3,m//2+1):                  #这里的m一定是m//2+1\n",
+    "        if sushu(a) and sushu(m-a):            #不是很懂\n",
+    "            print(\"{}={}+{}\".format(m,a,m-a),end=\" \")\n",
+    "    print()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 5. 列表"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写程序，接收用户输入的一行由分号“;”分隔的若干个整数，计算这些数的平均数，并且统计有多少个数大于平均数，多少个数小于平均数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入若干整数，以；分隔1;2;3;4\n",
+      "平均数为: 2.5\n",
+      "大于平均数的有2个，小于平均数的有2个\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=list(eval(input(\"请输入若干整数，以；分隔\").replace(\";\",\",\")))\n",
+    "b=sum(a)/len(a)\n",
+    "print(\"平均数为:\",b)\n",
+    "d=x=0\n",
+    "for item in a:\n",
+    "    if item>b:\n",
+    "        d=d+1\n",
+    "    elif item<b:\n",
+    "        x=x+1\n",
+    "print(\"大于平均数的有{:d}个，小于平均数的有{:d}个\".format(d,x))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 编写程序，让用户通过键盘来输入6道单项选择题的选项，然后和答案进行比对，进而输出评分（设定1题1分），答案依次为C、B、C、B、A、A。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入答案AAAAAA\n",
+      "['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A']\n",
+      "2 分\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=[\"C\",\"B\",\"C\",\"B\",\"A\",\"A\"]\n",
+    "b=list(input(\"请输入答案\"))\n",
+    "print(b)\n",
+    "a=0\n",
+    "for i in range(6):\n",
+    "    if s[i]==b[i]:\n",
+    "        a=a+1\n",
+    "print(a,\"分\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "第1题选择:1\n",
+      "第2题选择:B\n",
+      "第3题选择:C\n",
+      "第4题选择:D\n",
+      "第5题选择:E\n",
+      "第6题选择:F\n",
+      "得分为: 2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "answer=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(6):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"第\"+str(i+1)+\"题选择:\")\n",
+    "    answer.append(a.upper())\n",
+    "solution=[\"C\",\"B\",\"C\",\"B\",\"A\",\"A\"]\n",
+    "score=0\n",
+    "for j in range(6):\n",
+    "    if answer[j]==solution[j]:\n",
+    "        score+=1\n",
+    "print('得分为:',score)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写函数。实现把列表中第一个元素与最后一个元素对调，第二个元素与倒数第二个元素对调，以此类推。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "['F', 'E', 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A']\n",
+      "[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def exchange(ls):\n",
+    "    ls.reverse()\n",
+    "    return ls\n",
+    "\n",
+    "a=[\"A\",\"B\",\"C\",\"D\",\"E\",\"F\"]\n",
+    "b=[1,2,3,4,5,6]\n",
+    "print(exchange(a))\n",
+    "print(exchange(b))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 编写程序，随机生成由两位整数组成的二维列表(5行5列)，并输出。输出效果如下图所示。同时，程序输出行内元素和最大的一行的行号，以及列内元素和最大的一列的列号。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "9066314171\n",
+      "7653648475\n",
+      "1217409573\n",
+      "9256247871\n",
+      "1561614093\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random     #法一\n",
+    "s=[[random.randint(10,99)for y in range(5)]for x in range(5)]\n",
+    "for i in s:\n",
+    "    for j in i:\n",
+    "        print(j,end=\"\")\n",
+    "    print()\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "line=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]\n",
+    "column=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]\n",
+    "print(line.index(max(line))+1)\n",
+    "print(column.index(max(column))+1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "1"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 23,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x={1,2,3,4}\n",
+    "x.pop()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "50 11 30 29 20 \n",
+      "20 28 20 76 66 \n",
+      "24 25 22 57 92 \n",
+      "23 79 36 24 90 \n",
+      "11 65 54 51 31 \n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    b=[]\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        b.append(random.randint(10,99))\n",
+    "        print(b[j],end=\" \")\n",
+    "    a.append(b)\n",
+    "    print()\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "hsum=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        s=s+a[i][j] #s.index(x[, i[, j]])\t序列s中从i开始到j位置中第一次出现元素x的位置\n",
+    "    hsum.append(s)\n",
+    "print(hsum.index(max(hsum),0)+1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "lsum=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    v=0\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        v=v+a[j][i]\n",
+    "    lsum.append(v)\n",
+    "print(lsum.index(max(lsum),0)+1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个正整数：2\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "0.4142135623730951"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def pf(n):\n",
+    "    n=int(input(\"请输入一个正整数：\"))\n",
+    "    a=0\n",
+    "    for i in range(1,n):\n",
+    "        a=a+1/(i**(1/2)+(i+1)**(1/2))\n",
+    "    return a\n",
+    "pf(2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个正整数:2\n",
+      "0.4142135623730951\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import *\n",
+    "def fsum(n):\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for i in  range(2,n+1):\n",
+    "        s=s+1/(sqrt(i-1)+sqrt(i))\n",
+    "    return s\n",
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入一个正整数:\"))\n",
+    "print(fsum(n))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 编写函数，将一串文本中的辅音字母（去掉元音字母）反序后返回。编写代码，调用该函数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一串英文文本：aeioujdnvf\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'fvndj'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def fu(n):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"请输入一串英文文本：\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"a\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"e\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"i\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"o\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"u\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"A\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"E\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"I\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"O\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"U\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a[::-1]\n",
+    "    return a \n",
+    "fu(n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一段文本：aeioujdnvf\n",
+      "fvndj\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def nixu(s):\n",
+    "    h=\"\"\n",
+    "    for x in s:\n",
+    "        if x in [\"a\",\"e\",\"i\",\"o\",\"u\",\"A\",\"E\",\"I\",\"O\",\"U\"]:\n",
+    "            i=s.index(x)\n",
+    "            s=s[0:i]+s[i+1:]\n",
+    "    for y in s:\n",
+    "        h=y+h\n",
+    "    return(h)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n=input(\"请输入一段文本：\")\n",
+    "print(nixu(n))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 随机生成6行6列的矩阵(每个值都是10~99之间的整数)。求主对角线上元素的乘积，以及副对角线上元素的和。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "61 16 47 72 81 70 \n",
+      "41 24 21 29 20 44 \n",
+      "40 37 69 13 32 25 \n",
+      "92 34 91 45 70 45 \n",
+      "98 34 22 96 46 90 \n",
+      "61 71 78 69 81 94 \n",
+      "19655693280\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "for j in range(6):\n",
+    "    s=[]\n",
+    "    for i in range(6):\n",
+    "        s.append(random.randint(10,99))\n",
+    "        print(s[i],end=\" \")\n",
+    "    a.append(s)\n",
+    "    print( )\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "v=a[0][0]*a[1][1]*a[2][2]*a[3][3]*a[4][4]*a[5][5]\n",
+    "print(v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 6. 集合"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1\t获得用户输入的一个整数N，输出N中所出现不同数字的和。例如：用户输入 123123123，其中所出现的不同数字为：1、2、3，这几个数字和为6。 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：123123\n",
+      "1+2+3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "N=input(\"请输入一个整数：\")\n",
+    "n=set(N)\n",
+    "v=0\n",
+    "st=\"\"\n",
+    "for i in n:    #对集合中遍历不用range\n",
+    "    v=v+int(i)     #集合中把字符变成数字\n",
+    "    st=st+\"+\"+i\n",
+    "print(st[1:],\"=\",v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 \t从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。按此方法同样生成集合B。(集合元素个数不定)分别输出A、B集合以及A&B和A|B的结果。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{9, 2, 3, 6}\n",
+      "{1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n",
+      "a&b:\n",
+      " {9, 6}\n",
+      "a|b:\n",
+      " {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=set()\n",
+    "b=set()\n",
+    "for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):\n",
+    "    a.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "    b.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "print(b)\n",
+    "print(\"a&b:\\n\",a&b)\n",
+    "print(\"a|b:\\n\",a|b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。(集合元素个数不定)。让用户猜集合中的数字，直到全部猜中为止。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1, 4, 5, 8, 9}\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:1\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:4\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:5\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:8\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:9\n",
+      "随机生成的集合是{1, 4, 5, 8, 9}，你一共猜了5次！\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=set()\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):\n",
+    "    a.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "b=set()\n",
+    "i=0\n",
+    "while True:    #这里为什么用while true\n",
+    "    if len(b)<len(a):\n",
+    "        i=i+1\n",
+    "        temp=int(input(\"请输入猜的数字:\"))\n",
+    "        if temp in a:\n",
+    "            b.add(temp)\n",
+    "    if a==b:\n",
+    "        print(\"随机生成的集合是{}，你一共猜了{}次！\".format(a,i))\n",
+    "        break"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 用键盘输入a和n,求Sn=a+aa+aaa+…+aa…aaa的值，例如当a=2,n=5时，S5=2+22+222+2222+22222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入a的值：2\n",
+      "请输入n的值：5\n",
+      "24690\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=input(\"请输入a的值：\")\n",
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入n的值：\"))\n",
+    "s=0\n",
+    "t=0\n",
+    "for i in range(1,n+1):\n",
+    "    t=t*10+int(a)\n",
+    "    s=s+t    #这里a为字符，*i即将a连接i次\n",
+    "print(s)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 7.字典"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 数字重复统计：\n",
+    "     随机生成范围为[0,9]的100个整数，并升序输出所有不同的数字及其每个数字的重复次数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "scrolled": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[5, 0, 6, 8, 9, 0, 8, 8, 4, 5, 7, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 7, 8, 1, 0, 3, 9, 7, 6, 5, 0, 0, 5, 1, 9, 4, 4, 7, 0, 6, 8, 4, 1, 7, 3, 3, 0, 4, 0, 9, 0, 8, 4, 6, 4, 5, 1, 7, 7, 5, 7, 2, 8, 7, 0, 3, 8, 9, 5, 3, 6, 9, 9, 7, 9, 9, 0, 4, 6, 9, 9, 0, 2, 2, 9, 6, 9, 5, 4, 6, 9, 9, 9, 4, 5, 9, 8, 4, 9, 1, 2, 3]\n",
+      "[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9]\n",
+      "0:12次\n",
+      "1:5次\n",
+      "2:4次\n",
+      "3:7次\n",
+      "4:12次\n",
+      "5:14次\n",
+      "6:9次\n",
+      "7:10次\n",
+      "8:9次\n",
+      "9:18次\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,100):\n",
+    "    a.append(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "a.sort()   #数值的列表或字符串的列表，能用sort()方法排序。sort()方法当场对列表排序\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "counter={}\n",
+    "for j in a:\n",
+    "    counter[j]=counter.get(j,0)+1\n",
+    "for k,v in counter.items():\n",
+    "    print(\"{}:{}次\".format(k,v))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例 2、数字抽奖游戏\n",
+    "抽奖游戏设计为1000人参加。游戏根据随机数值抽奖，等级为一等奖, 二等奖、三等奖、四等奖。程序要求输出各等级奖品的个数。\n",
+    "       \n",
+    "       如果范围在[0,0.02)之间,代表一等奖,     \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.02,0.07)之间,代表二等奖,    \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.07,0.3)之间,代表三等奖,     \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.3, 1.0)之间,代表四等奖,    \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[0.28118855098058615, 0.12755877581610675, 0.9532186788085443, 0.3174094146926777, 0.3663460572126188, 0.9283087955900544, 0.40577729874510926, 0.8832155375399134, 0.013426578405106193, 0.7239524769957996, 0.38820831461585203, 0.26718626099847875, 0.42433430652990023, 0.36334616236129524, 0.1022328805405398, 0.9825451467194667, 0.2285273292756953, 0.028855261882511418, 0.15037004477700555, 0.9574641603289876, 0.7356074639627641, 0.31917869405904886, 0.9019719171601102, 0.09664586389219598, 0.8868062143429523, 0.038485598085394646, 0.9697091376424868, 0.07884340789637467, 0.07545279871599742, 0.8228902105291998, 0.6365145533870774, 0.3487928292251683, 0.6683933364343163, 0.4329190946755719, 0.6266619860763633, 0.7194813775627081, 0.3190293285110669, 0.6894509906064653, 0.061696669996218256, 0.9996529184422474, 0.9527822724332172, 0.18253769423620614, 0.03738269086273904, 0.5880461500271793, 0.10397137211705187, 0.837162422846863, 0.4079637336452143, 0.736481860077251, 0.14945618046384812, 0.359576199506486, 0.7814150043967997, 0.6024070089673886, 0.6553533653025483, 0.7325156762840391, 0.4321936990409575, 0.9380339578403227, 0.8905035853268406, 0.11384225869019848, 0.7022238872043055, 0.9529691507032442, 0.0780807583741121, 0.8736512053107405, 0.8381238082366502, 0.3435734307247019, 0.45359456821551447, 0.7790835638624144, 0.9916277456619588, 0.5385623104412175, 0.8866921656689671, 0.6610011165116162, 0.061639525134931095, 0.922274027733368, 0.7664648391204995, 0.870371855201326, 0.7528188571055622, 0.18715245332369412, 0.5834268806019662, 0.624492577498745, 0.8549126602800343, 0.8254062352448992, 0.2616896906149411, 0.8036468869088019, 0.4077822142535772, 0.5701644448013248, 0.11605245219465476, 0.002397668807302078, 0.5985683596402527, 0.6790197284949947, 0.040690668055849644, 0.7031536404052058, 0.5458811253319298, 0.6515684300255563, 0.24708340626802472, 0.0565206677120248, 0.6242622297254102, 0.8424135635268191, 0.152386329164518, 0.17959439071527195, 0.4188784804490002, 0.4305392538595252, 0.9812281351210574, 0.6412816694636269, 0.4804368594701659, 0.024381558321184382, 0.7983121426693777, 0.267147963236833, 0.5704598999633627, 0.9885591550748046, 0.02056656568293025, 0.09548803462325328, 0.749089329117312, 0.7128884257199369, 0.8903018920444054, 0.05762896625928082, 0.7447066401613136, 0.41376751263121314, 0.15375627598247332, 0.25196650037494606, 0.14739622689458887, 0.17068176156850134, 0.8441167844071598, 0.5626225358787607, 0.2245946672290975, 0.7060860914006936, 0.32988904482559944, 0.33347630894428126, 0.9104545674003015, 0.5759328386373214, 0.26724298752216913, 0.882815063532458, 0.5163698329741679, 0.7483349136409715, 0.22632032063622198, 0.8437232321741086, 0.12995618316519764, 0.5626854808320961, 0.0730277911968773, 0.18707641535781772, 0.9144237260698773, 0.3577042859036651, 0.879413503722837, 0.6852603769709573, 0.6959654038337237, 0.8992109516025469, 0.6061794862021928, 0.10003569978210702, 0.02595995285477959, 0.4436663350144554, 0.055545818708642836, 0.788349268111629, 0.30117815503675616, 0.23438199686795724, 0.8117388418073955, 0.3244459892571955, 0.22906696305628516, 0.4685638967818142, 0.9302075495398211, 0.03588033038778815, 0.424537381962405, 0.6405092746511541, 0.94413137970464, 0.6859142736528802, 0.7884863782577275, 0.8933025888144921, 0.24478787654967504, 0.9021861168397886, 0.313917581009335, 0.2715444614129241, 0.7425634174221358, 0.8140164960379386, 0.9232531230834276, 0.8517158923845084, 0.8977536780669635, 0.25945724724419095, 0.18969587911577968, 0.055005046486633624, 0.1400168636131982, 0.30568423916702425, 0.8614708145833797, 0.7494863841611382, 0.8567767385763948, 0.4904401286431027, 0.1225321700434171, 0.8512047590000458, 0.004517302940887924, 0.14377845045886062, 0.1281566030319783, 0.7781277791662439, 0.08060489265608428, 0.20422229553295457, 0.6546062382033787, 0.7569749391838253, 0.36345827498804484, 0.7747274606633041, 0.3217297406510021, 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+      "一等奖 26\n",
+      "二等奖 57\n",
+      "三等奖 226\n",
+      "四等奖 691\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,1000):\n",
+    "    a.append(random.random())\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "counter={'一等奖':0,'二等奖':0,'三等奖':0,'四等奖':0}    #[设置字典]\n",
+    "for j in range(0,1000):\n",
+    "        if 0<=a[j]<0.02:\n",
+    "            counter['一等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.02<=a[j]<0.07:\n",
+    "            counter['二等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.07<=a[j]<0.3:\n",
+    "            counter['三等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.3<=a[j]<1:\n",
+    "            counter['四等奖']+=1   \n",
+    "for i,v in counter.items():    #输出字典中的键值对\n",
+    "    print(i,v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 13周 第3题"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写代码实现如下功能：\n",
+    "1）建立字典d，包含内容是：\"数学\":101、\"语文\":202、\"英语\":203、\"物理\":204、\"生物\":206\n",
+    "\n",
+    "2）向字典添加键值对\"化学\":205\n",
+    "\n",
+    "3）修改\"数学\"对应的值为201\n",
+    "\n",
+    "4）删除\"生物\"对应的键值对\n",
+    "\n",
+    "5）显示字典d全部信息"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'数学': 201, '语文': 202, '英语': 203, '物理': 204, '化学': 205}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "A={'数学':101,'语文':202,\"英语\":203,'物理':204,'生物':206}\n",
+    "A['化学']=205     #修改键值\n",
+    "A['数学']=201\n",
+    "del A['生物']\n",
+    "print(A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 14周，第2题 词频分析"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 现在有个列表变量ls=[87,55,96,21,34,19,99]， 请输入一个正整数m。编写函数MediaSort,该函数将列表中小于等于m的数放在列表左侧，将列表中大于m的数放在列表右侧，并将结果以一个新列表返回。例如输入m=30，函数返回列表[21，19, 87，55, 96， 34，99]。 注意函数不能影响原来的列表的次序。程序调用这个函数并显示原列表和新列表。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[87, 55, 96, 21, 34, 19, 99]\n",
+      "请输入一个整数30\n",
+      "[21, 19, 87, 55, 96, 34, 99]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[87,55,96,21,34,19,99]\n",
+    "print(ls)\n",
+    "def MediaSort(m,ls):\n",
+    "    it,rt,x=[],[],[]\n",
+    "    for s in ls:\n",
+    "        if s<=m:    #产生左右列表\n",
+    "            it.append(s)\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            rt.append(s)\n",
+    "    x=it+rt\n",
+    "    return(x)\n",
+    "m=int(input(\"请输入一个整数\"))  #int！！\n",
+    "print(MediaSort(m,ls))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[-50, -20, 2, 3.14, 10]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "numberList = [2, 10, 3.14, -20, -50]\n",
+    "numberList.sort()\n",
+    "numberList"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 用一个二维列表来存储学生信息，每个学生的信息包括学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2共4项，从键盘输入数据。之后再在每个学生记录中增加一项平均成绩，然后按平均成绩对这些学生排序后依次输出学号、姓名、平均分几项信息。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"每个学生的信息包括学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2:\").split(\" \")\n",
+    "    ls.append(a)\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    b=(int(ls[i][2])+int(ls[i][3]))/2\n",
+    "    ls[i].append(b)\n",
+    "ls.sort(key=lambda x:x[4])\n",
+    "for j in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    print(ls[j][0],ls[j][1],ls[j][4])\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入第0个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第1个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第2个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第3个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第4个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[]\n",
+    "pls=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "   record=input(\"请输入第{:d}个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：\".format(i)).split(\" \")\n",
+    "   ls.append(record)\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "   v=(int(ls[i][2])+int(ls[i][3]))/2\n",
+    "   ls[i].append(v)\n",
+    "   pls.append(v)\n",
+    "pls.sort()\n",
+    "for x in pls:\n",
+    "   for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "      if x==ls[i][4]:\n",
+    "         print(ls[i][0],ls[i][1],ls[i][4])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "   ；appabcdappabcd\n",
+      "abcdabcd\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=input('   ；')\n",
+    "v=a.replace(\"app\",\"\")\n",
+    "print(v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "       :121212\n",
+      "['1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2']\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=list(input(\"       :\"))\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "b=[]\n",
+    "for i in ls:\n",
+    "    if int(i)%2!=0:\n",
+    "        a.append(i)\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        b.append(i)\n",
+    "print(a+b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "3.0"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "1/4+2.75"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.7.1"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}
diff --git "a/docs/views/data \346\224\276/2021-11-14-Python\345\244\215\344\271\240\344\276\213\351\242\230.md" "b/docs/views/data \346\224\276/2021-11-14-Python\345\244\215\344\271\240\344\276\213\351\242\230.md"
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@@ -0,0 +1,514 @@
+---
+layout: post
+title: python复习例题
+date: 2021-11-14
+author: 胡清月   
+categories:     
+  - 数据分析部
+tags:  
+  - Python 复习例题
+---
+## Python 复习
+
+### 1.while循环
+
+#### 例1 输出从1加到99的总和
+```python
+n=0
+i=1
+while i<=99:
+    n=n+i
+    i+=1
+print("总和为：",n)
+```
+
+#### 例2 输出从1加到用户指定数字的总和
+```python
+#法一  （用while循环）
+a=int(input("请输入一个整数："))#注意转化为数字类型
+n=0
+i=1
+while i<=a:
+    n=n+i
+    i+=1
+print('1+...+',a,"=",n)
+```
+
+```python
+#法二   （用for in 循环）
+a=int(input("请输入一个整数："))
+n=0
+for i in  range(a):
+    n=n+i+1              #range函数为左闭右开区间 所以后面要+1
+print('1+...+',a,"=",n)
+```
+
+#### 例3 对用户输入的一系列整数求和并计数，当用户输入0，程序结束输入
+```python
+#if 和 while的结合
+i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))
+n=0
+while i!=0:
+    n=n+i
+    i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))
+print('和为：',n)
+```
+
+#### 例4 从键盘接收两个整数，编程求出这两个整数的最大公约数和最小公倍数。（求自最大公约数可用辗转相除法：两个整数的最大公约数等于其中较小者与  较大者对较小者余数  的最大公约数，循环下去，直到余数为零结束，此时的较小者即为最大公约数。）
+```python
+a,b=eval(input("请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔："))
+x,y=a,b
+while y!=0:
+    m=x%y
+    x=y
+    y=m
+print("zdgys=",x)
+print("zdgbs=",a*b/x)
+```
+
+### 2.if 类题型
+
+#### 例1.按照 1$ = 6￥ 人民币的汇率,编写一个美元和人民币的双向兑换程序,并运行
+```python
+m=input('请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：')
+if m[-1]=="$":
+    ren=eval(m[0:-1])*6
+    print(m+"转化为人民币为：{:.2f}".format(ren))
+elif m[-1]=="￥":
+    mei=eval(m[0:-1])/6
+    print(m+"转化为美元为：{:.2f}".format(mei))
+    print(m[0:-1])  # m[0:1]为左闭右开
+    print(m)
+else:
+    print('输入无效')
+```
+>小tips ——str函数能将数值型变量转换成字符串，这样就可以用+连接字符串
+
+*补：<1>关于进制的转化*   
+*格式化输出65的二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制的表达形式，及其对应的unicode字符*
+```python
+print('十进制{0}的二进制为：0B{0:b},八进制为0O{0:o},十六进制为：0X{0:X},对应的unicode字符为{0:c} '.format(65))
+```
+#### 例2 “回文数"是一种数字，如:98789, 这个数字正读是98789,倒读也是98789,正读倒读一样,这个数字就是回文数。编程实现判定输入的任意一个整数是否是回文数。
+```python
+a=str(input('请输入任意整数:'))
+if a==a[::-1]:
+          print('{}是回文数'.format(a))
+else:
+          print('{}不是回文数'.format(a))
+```
+*补<2>关于翻转*
+```python
+a="987"  
+print(a[::-1])    #[::-1]是翻转
+```
+#### 例3 用户设置（即输入）密码，要求密码至少8位，而且只能包含字母汉字、数字、下划线，请编程实现密码输入，并判定其是否合法
+```python
+#可以删除_之后再用isalnum()判断
+#isalnum()函数可以判断的字符包括数字、字母、中文字符
+passw=input("请输入密码：")
+if len(passw)<8:
+    print("密码不合法")
+else:
+    if "_" in passw:
+        passw=passw.replace("_","")
+    if passw.isalnum():
+        print("密码满足要求")
+    else:
+        print("密码不满足要求")
+```
+### 3. for in 循环
+#### 例1（条件中条件）1、完数指一个数恰好等于它的所有因子之和（不包括其本身）。例：6的因子是1,2,3，而6=1+2+3,因此6是完数，编程输出1000之内的所有完数
+```python
+for i in range(3,1001):
+    n=0
+    for v in range(1,i):
+        if i%v==0:
+            n=n+v
+    if n==i: #此处就是与for平级关系
+        print(i)
+```
+#### 例2 一只公鸡5元钱，一只母鸡3元钱，三只小鸡1元钱，用100元钱买100只鸡，有几种方案？分别写出。输出格式为：
+第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75    
+第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78    
+```python
+s=0
+for x in range(0,21):
+    for y in range(0,34):
+        if x*5+y*3+(100-x-y)/3==100:
+            s=s+1
+            print("第{}组解：公鸡：{} 母鸡：{} 小鸡：{}".format(s,x,y,100-x-y))
+```
+#### 例3 输出10000之内的所有水仙花数。水仙花数是一个n（n>=3）位数，它的每个位上的数字的n次幂之和等于其本身
+```python
+for i in range(1,10001):   #着重看
+    a=str(i)
+    b=len(a)
+    s=0
+    for v in range(0,b):
+        s=s+pow(int(a[v]),b)
+    if s==i:
+        print(s)
+```
+#### 例4 编写程序，用户输入一个合数，程序将其分解为质因式输出，如：60=2* 2* 3* 5
+```python
+n=int(input("请输入一个合数："))       #法一
+s=str(n)+"="
+for i in range(2,n): #i设定为除数
+    while n % i==0: #若i除尽n,则i为质因数，重置被除数，连续除i
+        s=s+str(i)+"*"
+        n=n//i    #布置下一次的被除数
+print(s[0:-1])
+```
+```python
+a=int(input("请输入一个合数:"))     #法二
+b=2
+c=""
+d=a
+def sushu(n):
+          for i in range(2,n):
+                    if n%i==0:
+                              break
+          else:
+                    return True
+while b<=a:                           #如果用for in循环无法让一个数重复
+          if a%b==0 and sushu(b):
+                    c=c+str(b)+"*"
+                    a=a/b
+          else:
+                    b=b+1 
+print('因式分解的结果是:{}={}'.format(d,c[:-1]))
+```
+### 4. 函数
+#### 例1 编写实现求一个整数参数的偶数位之和的函数,函数名为evensum。调用该函数，输出整数123456的偶数位的和
+```python
+def evensum(n):
+    v=str(n)
+    m=v[-2::-2]
+    a=0
+    c=""
+    for i in range(len(m)):
+        s=int(m[i])
+        a=a+s
+    return a
+
+print(evensum(123456))
+```
+>#### tips int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数
+#### 例2  编写函数，实现将二进制字符串转化为10进制数。参数为字符串，返回值为数值。编程实现用户输入二进制数，输出十进制数。
+```python
+def f(n):
+    s=int(n,2)  #int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数
+    return s
+print(f('1000'))
+```
+#### 例3 编写匿名函数，实现：传入一个字符串，返回不包含空格在内的字符的个数。调用匿名函数实现对用户输入的字符串进行上述处理，并输出字符串长度。
+```python
+process=lambda a:len(a.replace(" ",""))
+v=input("请输入字符串：")
+print("字符串长度:",process(v))
+```
+*异常处理*
+#### 例4 实现isNum()函数，参数为一个字符串，如果这个字符串属于整数、浮点数，则返回True，否则返回False。
+```python
+def isNum(n):    
+    try:
+        if type(eval(n))in [int, float]:    
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+    except:
+        return False
+```
+#### 例5 实现isPrime()函数，参数为整数，要有异常处理。如果整数是质数，返回True，否则返回False
+```python
+def isPrime(n):
+    try:
+        a=int(n)
+        for i in range(2,a):
+            if a%i==0:      #判断素数要把循环全部遍历完再判断
+                break
+        if i==a-1:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+    except:         #不在except段直接return False 可以避免输入有误和输入非质数混淆
+        print("不合法元素")
+        exit(0)                              #终止程序
+
+y=input("请输入一个整数：")
+if isPrime(y):
+    print(y,"是素数")
+else:
+    print(y,"不是素数")
+```
+#### 例6 编写一个递归函数，实现将十进制数转化为二进制串，并调用该函数。
+```python
+def zhuan(x):          #法一
+    if x==0:
+        return "" #当商为0时，无需转换，因此返回空
+    else:
+        z=x%2    #生成余数
+        x=x//2   #布置下一次的被除数
+        return zhuan(x)+ str(z) #将生成的余数从左边进行连接，符合二进制数生成规律（递归）
+s1=zhuan(20)
+print(s1)
+```
+```python
+s=""
+def digui(n):
+    global s    #声明s为全局变量，则每次函数调用，都可使用和修改s
+    x,y=divmod(n,2)#x为商，y为余数
+    s=s+str(y)
+    if x>=1:
+        return digui(x) #商大于等于1时，继续短除法（递归）
+    else:
+        return s[::-1] #将得到的字符串逆序，以符合二进制数生成规律
+a=eval(input("请输入一个十进制数:"))
+p=digui(a)
+print("它的二进制为:",p)
+```
+*补<3>引用函数*
+#### 例1 编写程序，利用random库，生成10个随机密码，每个密码固定为10个字符，字符可能是26个小写字母，也可能是10个数字，也可能是!@#￥%^&*8个特殊符号。输出格式为：
+hcnk%xtp  
+5c6fltm@    
+*x*8ddz&   
+4clc0dbn   
+y651qrdx    
+.......
+```python
+import random
+v="0123456789!@#￥%^&*abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+for n in range (0,10):
+    password=""
+    for i in range(0,10):
+        a=random.randint(0,43)
+        password=password+v[a]
+    print(password)  
+```
+#### 例2 编程实现：请验证1000以内的偶数是否符合哥德巴赫猜想。哥德巴赫猜想：任何一个大于等于6的偶数均可表示为两个素数之和。例如6=3+3,8=3+5,…,18=7+11。
+```python
+def sushu(n):
+    for i in range(2,n):
+        if n % i == 0:
+            break
+    if i == n-1:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+    
+for m in range(6,10,2):
+    for a in range(3,m//2+1):                  #这里的m一定是m//2+1
+        if sushu(a) and sushu(m-a):            #不是很懂
+            print("{}={}+{}".format(m,a,m-a),end=" ")
+    print()
+```
+### 5. 列表
+#### 例1 编写程序，接收用户输入的一行由分号“;”分隔的若干个整数，计算这些数的平均数，并且统计有多少个数大于平均数，多少个数小于平均数。
+```python
+a=list(eval(input("请输入若干整数，以；分隔").replace(";",",")))
+b=sum(a)/len(a)
+print("平均数为:",b)
+d=x=0
+for item in a:
+    if item>b:
+        d=d+1
+    elif item<b:
+        x=x+1
+print("大于平均数的有{:d}个，小于平均数的有{:d}个".format(d,x))
+```
+#### 例2 编写程序，让用户通过键盘来输入6道单项选择题的选项，然后和答案进行比对，进而输出评分（设定1题1分），答案依次为C、B、C、B、A、A。
+```python
+s=["C","B","C","B","A","A"]
+b=list(input("请输入答案"))
+print(b)
+a=0
+for i in range(6):
+    if s[i]==b[i]:
+        a=a+1
+print(a,"分")
+```
+```python
+answer=[]
+for i in range(6):
+    a=input("第"+str(i+1)+"题选择:")
+    answer.append(a.upper())
+solution=["C","B","C","B","A","A"]
+score=0
+for j in range(6):
+    if answer[j]==solution[j]:
+        score+=1
+print('得分为:',score)
+```
+#### 例3 编写函数。实现把列表中第一个元素与最后一个元素对调，第二个元素与倒数第二个元素对调，以此类推。
+```python
+def exchange(ls):
+    ls.reverse()
+    return ls
+
+a=["A","B","C","D","E","F"]
+b=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
+print(exchange(a))
+print(exchange(b))
+```
+#### 例4 编写程序，随机生成由两位整数组成的二维列表(5行5列)，并输出。输出效果如下图所示。同时，程序输出行内元素和最大的一行的行号，以及列内元素和最大的一列的列号。
+```python
+import random     #法一
+s=[[random.randint(10,99)for y in range(5)]for x in range(5)]
+for i in s:
+    for j in i:
+        print(j,end="")
+    print()
+    
+line=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]
+column=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]
+print(line.index(max(line))+1)
+print(column.index(max(column))+1)
+```
+>x={1,2,3,4}   
+x.pop()
+#### 例5 编写函数，将一串文本中的辅音字母（去掉元音字母）反序后返回。编写代码，调用该函数。
+```python
+def fu(n):
+    a=input("请输入一串英文文本：")
+    a=a.replace("a","")
+    a=a.replace("e","")
+    a=a.replace("i","")
+    a=a.replace("o","")
+    a=a.replace("u","")
+    a=a.replace("A","")
+    a=a.replace("E","")
+    a=a.replace("I","")
+    a=a.replace("O","")
+    a=a.replace("U","")
+    a=a[::-1]
+    return a 
+fu(n)
+```
+```python
+def nixu(s):
+    h=""
+    for x in s:
+        if x in ["a","e","i","o","u","A","E","I","O","U"]:
+            i=s.index(x)
+            s=s[0:i]+s[i+1:]
+    for y in s:
+        h=y+h
+    return(h)
+
+n=input("请输入一段文本：")
+print(nixu(n))
+```
+#### 例6 随机生成6行6列的矩阵(每个值都是10~99之间的整数)。求主对角线上元素的乘积，以及副对角线上元素的和。
+```python
+a=[]
+import random
+for j in range(6):
+    s=[]
+    for i in range(6):
+        s.append(random.randint(10,99))
+        print(s[i],end=" ")
+    a.append(s)
+    print( )
+    
+v=a[0][0]*a[1][1]*a[2][2]*a[3][3]*a[4][4]*a[5][5]
+print(v)
+```
+### 6. 集合
+#### 例1	获得用户输入的一个整数N，输出N中所出现不同数字的和。例如：用户输入 123123123，其中所出现的不同数字为：1、2、3，这几个数字和为6。 
+```python
+N=input("请输入一个整数：")
+n=set(N)
+v=0
+st=""
+for i in n:    #对集合中遍历不用range
+    v=v+int(i)     #集合中把字符变成数字
+    st=st+"+"+i
+print(st[1:],"=",v)
+```
+#### 例2 	从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。按此方法同样生成集合B。(集合元素个数不定)分别输出A、B集合以及A&B和A|B的结果。
+```python
+import random
+a=set()
+b=set()
+for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):
+    a.add(random.randint(0,9))
+    b.add(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+print(b)
+print("a&b:\n",a&b)
+print("a|b:\n",a|b)
+```
+#### 例3 从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。(集合元素个数不定)。让用户猜集合中的数字，直到全部猜中为止。
+```python
+a=set()
+import random
+for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):
+    a.add(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+b=set()
+i=0
+while True:    #这里为什么用while true
+    if len(b)<len(a):
+        i=i+1
+        temp=int(input("请输入猜的数字:"))
+        if temp in a:
+            b.add(temp)
+    if a==b:
+        print("随机生成的集合是{}，你一共猜了{}次！".format(a,i))
+        break
+ ```
+#### 例4 用键盘输入a和n,求Sn=a+aa+aaa+…+aa…aaa的值，例如当a=2,n=5时，S5=2+22+222+2222+22222
+```python
+a=input("请输入a的值：")
+n=int(input("请输入n的值："))
+s=0
+t=0
+for i in range(1,n+1):
+    t=t*10+int(a)
+    s=s+t    #这里a为字符，*i即将a连接i次
+print(s)
+```
+### 7.字典
+#### 例1 数字重复统计：
+     随机生成范围为[0,9]的100个整数，并升序输出所有不同的数字及其每个数字的重复次数
+```python
+import random
+a=[]
+for i in range(0,100):
+    a.append(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+a.sort()   #数值的列表或字符串的列表，能用sort()方法排序。sort()方法当场对列表排序
+print(a)
+counter={}
+for j in a:
+    counter[j]=counter.get(j,0)+1
+for k,v in counter.items():
+    print("{}:{}次".format(k,v))
+```
+#### 例 2、数字抽奖游戏
+抽奖游戏设计为1000人参加。游戏根据随机数值抽奖，等级为一等奖, 二等奖、三等奖、四等奖。程序要求输出各等级奖品的个数。
+       
+       如果范围在[0,0.02)之间,代表一等奖,     
+      如果范围在[0.02,0.07)之间,代表二等奖,    
+      如果范围在[0.07,0.3)之间,代表三等奖,     
+      如果范围在[0.3, 1.0)之间,代表四等奖
+```python
+import random
+a=[]
+for i in range(0,1000):
+    a.append(random.random())
+print(a)
+counter={'一等奖':0,'二等奖':0,'三等奖':0,'四等奖':0}    #[设置字典]
+for j in range(0,1000):
+        if 0<=a[j]<0.02:
+            counter['一等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.02<=a[j]<0.07:
+            counter['二等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.07<=a[j]<0.3:
+            counter['三等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.3<=a[j]<1:
+            counter['四等奖']+=1   
+for i,v in counter.items():    #输出字典中的键值对
+    print(i,v)
+```
\ No newline at end of file
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@@ -0,0 +1,1894 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Python 复习"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "---\n",
+    "\n",
+    "layout:post           \n",
+    "\n",
+    "tutle: Python 复习\n",
+    "\n",
+    "date: 2021-11-14\n",
+    "\n",
+    "author: Moon\n",
+    "\n",
+    "categories: \n",
+    "\n",
+    "|-数据分析部\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tags：\n",
+    "\n",
+    "|-Python 复习\n",
+    "\n",
+    "---"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 1.while循环"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 输出从1加到99的总和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "总和为： 4950\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n=0\n",
+    "i=1\n",
+    "while i<=99:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i+=1\n",
+    "print(\"总和为：\",n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 输出从1加到用户指定数字的总和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "1+...+ 3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#法一  （用while循环）\n",
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个整数：\"))#注意转化为数字类型\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "i=1\n",
+    "while i<=a:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i+=1\n",
+    "print('1+...+',a,\"=\",n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 16,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "1+...+ 3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#法二   （用for in 循环）\n",
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个整数：\"))\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "for i in  range(a):\n",
+    "    n=n+i+1              #range函数为左闭右开区间 所以后面要+1\n",
+    "print('1+...+',a,\"=\",n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 对用户输入的一系列整数求和并计数，当用户输入0，程序结束输入"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 53,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：2\n",
+      "请输入一个整数：3\n",
+      "请输入一个整数：0\n",
+      "和为： 5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#if 和 while的结合\n",
+    "i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))\n",
+    "n=0\n",
+    "while i!=0:\n",
+    "    n=n+i\n",
+    "    i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))\n",
+    "print('和为：',n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 从键盘接收两个整数，编程求出这两个整数的最大公约数和最小公倍数。（求自最大公约数可用辗转相除法：两个整数的最大公约数等于其中较小者与  较大者对较小者余数  的最大公约数，循环下去，直到余数为零结束，此时的较小者即为最大公约数。）"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 60,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔：2,3\n",
+      "zdgys= 1\n",
+      "zdgbs= 6.0\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a,b=eval(input(\"请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔：\"))\n",
+    "x,y=a,b\n",
+    "while y!=0:\n",
+    "    m=x%y\n",
+    "    x=y\n",
+    "    y=m\n",
+    "print(\"zdgys=\",x)\n",
+    "print(\"zdgbs=\",a*b/x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 2.if 类题型"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1.按照 1$ = 6￥ 人民币的汇率,编写一个美元和人民币的双向兑换程序,并运行"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：6￥\n",
+      "6￥转化为美元为：1.00\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "6￥\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "m=input('请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：')\n",
+    "if m[-1]==\"$\":\n",
+    "    ren=eval(m[0:-1])*6\n",
+    "    print(m+\"转化为人民币为：{:.2f}\".format(ren))\n",
+    "elif m[-1]==\"￥\":\n",
+    "    mei=eval(m[0:-1])/6\n",
+    "    print(m+\"转化为美元为：{:.2f}\".format(mei))\n",
+    "    print(m[0:-1])  # m[0:1]为左闭右开\n",
+    "    print(m)\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print('输入无效')"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "###### 小tips ——str函数能将数值型变量转换成字符串，这样就可以用+连接字符串"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#####     关于进制转化\n",
+    "格式化输出65的二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制的表达形式，及其对应的unicode字符"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "十进制65的二进制为：0B1000001,八进制为0O101,十六进制为：0X41,对应的unicode字符为A \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print('十进制{0}的二进制为：0B{0:b},八进制为0O{0:o},十六进制为：0X{0:X},对应的unicode字符为{0:c} '.format(65))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 “回文数\"是一种数字，如:98789, 这个数字正读是98789,倒读也是98789,正读倒读一样,这个数字就是回文数。编程实现判定输入的任意一个整数是否是回文数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 30,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入任意整数:987\n",
+      "987不是回文数\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=str(input('请输入任意整数:'))\n",
+    "if a==a[::-1]:\n",
+    "          print('{}是回文数'.format(a))\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "          print('{}不是回文数'.format(a))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "789\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=\"987\"  \n",
+    "print(a[::-1])    #[::-1]是翻转"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "NameError",
+     "evalue": "name 'python' is not defined",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-15-09a3f1991a6c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpython\u001b[0m  \u001b[1;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\"Python\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"GO\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"C\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m\"C++\"\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'python' is not defined"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(python  in [\"Python\", \"GO\", \"C\", \"C++\"])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'他说：\"你好啊\"。'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 7,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "sayHi = \"他说：\\\"你好啊\\\"。\"\n",
+    "sayHi"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "ename": "TypeError",
+     "evalue": "'tuple' object does not support item assignment",
+     "output_type": "error",
+     "traceback": [
+      "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
+      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
+      "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-12-41e350d01c75>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m4\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m,\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m6\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m=\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
+      "\u001b[1;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x=(4,5,6)\n",
+    "x[1] = 10\n",
+    "print(x)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 用户设置（即输入）密码，要求密码至少8位，而且只能包含字母汉字、数字、下划线，请编程实现密码输入，并判定其是否合法"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 39,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入密码：123_13lsmde_13\n",
+      "密码满足要求\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "#可以删除_之后再用isalnum()判断\n",
+    "#isalnum()函数可以判断的字符包括数字、字母、中文字符\n",
+    "passw=input(\"请输入密码：\")\n",
+    "if len(passw)<8:\n",
+    "    print(\"密码不合法\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    if \"_\" in passw:\n",
+    "        passw=passw.replace(\"_\",\"\")\n",
+    "    if passw.isalnum():\n",
+    "        print(\"密码满足要求\")\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        print(\"密码不满足要求\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 3. for in 循环"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1（条件中条件）1、完数指一个数恰好等于它的所有因子之和（不包括其本身）。例：6的因子是1,2,3，而6=1+2+3,因此6是完数，编程输出1000之内的所有完数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 52,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "6\n",
+      "28\n",
+      "496\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for i in range(3,1001):\n",
+    "    n=0\n",
+    "    for v in range(1,i):\n",
+    "        if i%v==0:\n",
+    "            n=n+v\n",
+    "    if n==i: #此处就是与for平级关系\n",
+    "        print(i)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 一只公鸡5元钱，一只母鸡3元钱，三只小鸡1元钱，用100元钱买100只鸡，有几种方案？分别写出。输出格式为：\n",
+    "第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75    \n",
+    "第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78    "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 13,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75\n",
+      "第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78\n",
+      "第3组解：公鸡：8 母鸡：11 小鸡：81\n",
+      "第4组解：公鸡：12 母鸡：4 小鸡：84\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=0\n",
+    "for x in range(0,21):\n",
+    "    for y in range(0,34):\n",
+    "        if x*5+y*3+(100-x-y)/3==100:\n",
+    "            s=s+1\n",
+    "            print(\"第{}组解：公鸡：{} 母鸡：{} 小鸡：{}\".format(s,x,y,100-x-y))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 输出10000之内的所有水仙花数。水仙花数是一个n（n>=3）位数，它的每个位上的数字的n次幂之和等于其本身"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "1\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "3\n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n",
+      "6\n",
+      "7\n",
+      "8\n",
+      "9\n",
+      "153\n",
+      "370\n",
+      "371\n",
+      "407\n",
+      "1634\n",
+      "8208\n",
+      "9474\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "for i in range(1,10001):   #着重看\n",
+    "    a=str(i)\n",
+    "    b=len(a)\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for v in range(0,b):\n",
+    "        s=s+pow(int(a[v]),b)\n",
+    "    if s==i:\n",
+    "        print(s)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 编写程序，用户输入一个合数，程序将其分解为质因式输出，如：60=2* 2* 3* 5"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个合数：60\n",
+      "60=2*2*3*5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入一个合数：\"))       #法一\n",
+    "s=str(n)+\"=\"\n",
+    "for i in range(2,n): #i设定为除数\n",
+    "    while n % i==0: #若i除尽n,则i为质因数，重置被除数，连续除i\n",
+    "        s=s+str(i)+\"*\"\n",
+    "        n=n//i    #布置下一次的被除数\n",
+    "print(s[0:-1])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个合数:60\n",
+      "因式分解的结果是:60=2*2*3*5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=int(input(\"请输入一个合数:\"))     #法二\n",
+    "b=2\n",
+    "c=\"\"\n",
+    "d=a\n",
+    "def sushu(n):\n",
+    "          for i in range(2,n):\n",
+    "                    if n%i==0:\n",
+    "                              break\n",
+    "          else:\n",
+    "                    return True\n",
+    "while b<=a:                           #如果用for in循环无法让一个数重复\n",
+    "          if a%b==0 and sushu(b):\n",
+    "                    c=c+str(b)+\"*\"\n",
+    "                    a=a/b\n",
+    "          else:\n",
+    "                    b=b+1 \n",
+    "print('因式分解的结果是:{}={}'.format(d,c[:-1]))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 4. 函数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写实现求一个整数参数的偶数位之和的函数,函数名为evensum。调用该函数，输出整数123456的偶数位的和"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 42,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "9\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def evensum(n):\n",
+    "    v=str(n)\n",
+    "    m=v[-2::-2]\n",
+    "    a=0\n",
+    "    c=\"\"\n",
+    "    for i in range(len(m)):\n",
+    "        s=int(m[i])\n",
+    "        a=a+s\n",
+    "    return a\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(evensum(123456))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### tips int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2  编写函数，实现将二进制字符串转化为10进制数。参数为字符串，返回值为数值。编程实现用户输入二进制数，输出十进制数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "8\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def f(n):\n",
+    "    s=int(n,2)  #int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数\n",
+    "    return s\n",
+    "print(f('1000'))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写匿名函数，实现：传入一个字符串，返回不包含空格在内的字符的个数。调用匿名函数实现对用户输入的字符串进行上述处理，并输出字符串长度。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入字符串：12ijif jfnc \n",
+      "字符串长度: 10\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "process=lambda a:len(a.replace(\" \",\"\"))\n",
+    "v=input(\"请输入字符串：\")\n",
+    "print(\"字符串长度:\",process(v))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 异常处理"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 实现isNum()函数，参数为一个字符串，如果这个字符串属于整数、浮点数，则返回True，否则返回False。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "def isNum(n):    \n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        if type(eval(n))in [int, float]:    \n",
+    "            return True\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            return False\n",
+    "    except:\n",
+    "        return False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例5 实现isPrime()函数，参数为整数，要有异常处理。如果整数是质数，返回True，否则返回False"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：13\n",
+      "13 是素数\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def isPrime(n):\n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        a=int(n)\n",
+    "        for i in range(2,a):\n",
+    "            if a%i==0:      #判断素数要把循环全部遍历完再判断\n",
+    "                break\n",
+    "        if i==a-1:\n",
+    "            return True\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            return False\n",
+    "    except:         #不在except段直接return False 可以避免输入有误和输入非质数混淆\n",
+    "        print(\"不合法元素\")\n",
+    "        exit(0)                              #终止程序\n",
+    "\n",
+    "y=input(\"请输入一个整数：\")\n",
+    "if isPrime(y):\n",
+    "    print(y,\"是素数\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(y,\"不是素数\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例6 编写一个递归函数，实现将十进制数转化为二进制串，并调用该函数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 17,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "10100\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def zhuan(x):          #法一\n",
+    "    if x==0:\n",
+    "        return \"\" #当商为0时，无需转换，因此返回空\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        z=x%2    #生成余数\n",
+    "        x=x//2   #布置下一次的被除数\n",
+    "        return zhuan(x)+ str(z) #将生成的余数从左边进行连接，符合二进制数生成规律（递归）\n",
+    "s1=zhuan(20)\n",
+    "print(s1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个十进制数:6\n",
+      "它的二进制为: 110\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=\"\"\n",
+    "def digui(n):\n",
+    "    global s    #声明s为全局变量，则每次函数调用，都可使用和修改s\n",
+    "    x,y=divmod(n,2)#x为商，y为余数\n",
+    "    s=s+str(y)\n",
+    "    if x>=1:\n",
+    "        return digui(x) #商大于等于1时，继续短除法（递归）\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return s[::-1] #将得到的字符串逆序，以符合二进制数生成规律\n",
+    "a=eval(input(\"请输入一个十进制数:\"))\n",
+    "p=digui(a)\n",
+    "print(\"它的二进制为:\",p)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 引用函数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写程序，利用random库，生成10个随机密码，每个密码固定为10个字符，字符可能是26个小写字母，也可能是10个数字，也可能是!@#￥%^&*8个特殊符号。输出格式为：\n",
+    "hcnk%xtp  \n",
+    "5c6fltm@    \n",
+    "*x*8ddz&   \n",
+    "4clc0dbn   \n",
+    "y651qrdx    \n",
+    ".......\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "2#q￥k%z*x￥\n",
+      "7*vlvktm^i\n",
+      "x64on^@b0t\n",
+      "7c!t3%dga5\n",
+      "x5fpkv%q7r\n",
+      "uhvtyly2b&\n",
+      "!&bdyk8p4f\n",
+      "e0@razfnbs\n",
+      "rgqax5vsl4\n",
+      "4q#alwd1uf\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "v=\"0123456789!@#￥%^&*abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\"\n",
+    "for n in range (0,10):\n",
+    "    password=\"\"\n",
+    "    for i in range(0,10):\n",
+    "        a=random.randint(0,43)\n",
+    "        password=password+v[a]\n",
+    "    print(password)  "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 编程实现：请验证1000以内的偶数是否符合哥德巴赫猜想。哥德巴赫猜想：任何一个大于等于6的偶数均可表示为两个素数之和。例如6=3+3,8=3+5,…,18=7+11。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 34,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "6=3+3 \n",
+      "8=3+5 \n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def sushu(n):\n",
+    "    for i in range(2,n):\n",
+    "        if n % i == 0:\n",
+    "            break\n",
+    "    if i == n-1:\n",
+    "        return True\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        return False\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "for m in range(6,10,2):\n",
+    "    for a in range(3,m//2+1):                  #这里的m一定是m//2+1\n",
+    "        if sushu(a) and sushu(m-a):            #不是很懂\n",
+    "            print(\"{}={}+{}\".format(m,a,m-a),end=\" \")\n",
+    "    print()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 5. 列表"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 编写程序，接收用户输入的一行由分号“;”分隔的若干个整数，计算这些数的平均数，并且统计有多少个数大于平均数，多少个数小于平均数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入若干整数，以；分隔1;2;3;4\n",
+      "平均数为: 2.5\n",
+      "大于平均数的有2个，小于平均数的有2个\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=list(eval(input(\"请输入若干整数，以；分隔\").replace(\";\",\",\")))\n",
+    "b=sum(a)/len(a)\n",
+    "print(\"平均数为:\",b)\n",
+    "d=x=0\n",
+    "for item in a:\n",
+    "    if item>b:\n",
+    "        d=d+1\n",
+    "    elif item<b:\n",
+    "        x=x+1\n",
+    "print(\"大于平均数的有{:d}个，小于平均数的有{:d}个\".format(d,x))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 编写程序，让用户通过键盘来输入6道单项选择题的选项，然后和答案进行比对，进而输出评分（设定1题1分），答案依次为C、B、C、B、A、A。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入答案AAAAAA\n",
+      "['A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A']\n",
+      "2 分\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "s=[\"C\",\"B\",\"C\",\"B\",\"A\",\"A\"]\n",
+    "b=list(input(\"请输入答案\"))\n",
+    "print(b)\n",
+    "a=0\n",
+    "for i in range(6):\n",
+    "    if s[i]==b[i]:\n",
+    "        a=a+1\n",
+    "print(a,\"分\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "第1题选择:1\n",
+      "第2题选择:B\n",
+      "第3题选择:C\n",
+      "第4题选择:D\n",
+      "第5题选择:E\n",
+      "第6题选择:F\n",
+      "得分为: 2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "answer=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(6):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"第\"+str(i+1)+\"题选择:\")\n",
+    "    answer.append(a.upper())\n",
+    "solution=[\"C\",\"B\",\"C\",\"B\",\"A\",\"A\"]\n",
+    "score=0\n",
+    "for j in range(6):\n",
+    "    if answer[j]==solution[j]:\n",
+    "        score+=1\n",
+    "print('得分为:',score)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写函数。实现把列表中第一个元素与最后一个元素对调，第二个元素与倒数第二个元素对调，以此类推。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "['F', 'E', 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A']\n",
+      "[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def exchange(ls):\n",
+    "    ls.reverse()\n",
+    "    return ls\n",
+    "\n",
+    "a=[\"A\",\"B\",\"C\",\"D\",\"E\",\"F\"]\n",
+    "b=[1,2,3,4,5,6]\n",
+    "print(exchange(a))\n",
+    "print(exchange(b))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 编写程序，随机生成由两位整数组成的二维列表(5行5列)，并输出。输出效果如下图所示。同时，程序输出行内元素和最大的一行的行号，以及列内元素和最大的一列的列号。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "9066314171\n",
+      "7653648475\n",
+      "1217409573\n",
+      "9256247871\n",
+      "1561614093\n",
+      "2\n",
+      "2\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random     #法一\n",
+    "s=[[random.randint(10,99)for y in range(5)]for x in range(5)]\n",
+    "for i in s:\n",
+    "    for j in i:\n",
+    "        print(j,end=\"\")\n",
+    "    print()\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "line=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]\n",
+    "column=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]\n",
+    "print(line.index(max(line))+1)\n",
+    "print(column.index(max(column))+1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "1"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 23,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "x={1,2,3,4}\n",
+    "x.pop()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "50 11 30 29 20 \n",
+      "20 28 20 76 66 \n",
+      "24 25 22 57 92 \n",
+      "23 79 36 24 90 \n",
+      "11 65 54 51 31 \n",
+      "4\n",
+      "5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    b=[]\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        b.append(random.randint(10,99))\n",
+    "        print(b[j],end=\" \")\n",
+    "    a.append(b)\n",
+    "    print()\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "hsum=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        s=s+a[i][j] #s.index(x[, i[, j]])\t序列s中从i开始到j位置中第一次出现元素x的位置\n",
+    "    hsum.append(s)\n",
+    "print(hsum.index(max(hsum),0)+1)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "lsum=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(5):\n",
+    "    v=0\n",
+    "    for j in range(5):\n",
+    "        v=v+a[j][i]\n",
+    "    lsum.append(v)\n",
+    "print(lsum.index(max(lsum),0)+1)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个正整数：2\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "0.4142135623730951"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 11,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def pf(n):\n",
+    "    n=int(input(\"请输入一个正整数：\"))\n",
+    "    a=0\n",
+    "    for i in range(1,n):\n",
+    "        a=a+1/(i**(1/2)+(i+1)**(1/2))\n",
+    "    return a\n",
+    "pf(2)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个正整数:2\n",
+      "0.4142135623730951\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "from math import *\n",
+    "def fsum(n):\n",
+    "    s=0\n",
+    "    for i in  range(2,n+1):\n",
+    "        s=s+1/(sqrt(i-1)+sqrt(i))\n",
+    "    return s\n",
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入一个正整数:\"))\n",
+    "print(fsum(n))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 编写函数，将一串文本中的辅音字母（去掉元音字母）反序后返回。编写代码，调用该函数。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一串英文文本：aeioujdnvf\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "'fvndj'"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 14,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def fu(n):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"请输入一串英文文本：\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"a\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"e\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"i\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"o\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"u\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"A\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"E\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"I\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"O\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a.replace(\"U\",\"\")\n",
+    "    a=a[::-1]\n",
+    "    return a \n",
+    "fu(n)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一段文本：aeioujdnvf\n",
+      "fvndj\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "def nixu(s):\n",
+    "    h=\"\"\n",
+    "    for x in s:\n",
+    "        if x in [\"a\",\"e\",\"i\",\"o\",\"u\",\"A\",\"E\",\"I\",\"O\",\"U\"]:\n",
+    "            i=s.index(x)\n",
+    "            s=s[0:i]+s[i+1:]\n",
+    "    for y in s:\n",
+    "        h=y+h\n",
+    "    return(h)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "n=input(\"请输入一段文本：\")\n",
+    "print(nixu(n))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 随机生成6行6列的矩阵(每个值都是10~99之间的整数)。求主对角线上元素的乘积，以及副对角线上元素的和。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 36,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "61 16 47 72 81 70 \n",
+      "41 24 21 29 20 44 \n",
+      "40 37 69 13 32 25 \n",
+      "92 34 91 45 70 45 \n",
+      "98 34 22 96 46 90 \n",
+      "61 71 78 69 81 94 \n",
+      "19655693280\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "for j in range(6):\n",
+    "    s=[]\n",
+    "    for i in range(6):\n",
+    "        s.append(random.randint(10,99))\n",
+    "        print(s[i],end=\" \")\n",
+    "    a.append(s)\n",
+    "    print( )\n",
+    "    \n",
+    "v=a[0][0]*a[1][1]*a[2][2]*a[3][3]*a[4][4]*a[5][5]\n",
+    "print(v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 6. 集合"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1\t获得用户输入的一个整数N，输出N中所出现不同数字的和。例如：用户输入 123123123，其中所出现的不同数字为：1、2、3，这几个数字和为6。 "
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 15,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入一个整数：123123\n",
+      "1+2+3 = 6\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "N=input(\"请输入一个整数：\")\n",
+    "n=set(N)\n",
+    "v=0\n",
+    "st=\"\"\n",
+    "for i in n:    #对集合中遍历不用range\n",
+    "    v=v+int(i)     #集合中把字符变成数字\n",
+    "    st=st+\"+\"+i\n",
+    "print(st[1:],\"=\",v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例2 \t从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。按此方法同样生成集合B。(集合元素个数不定)分别输出A、B集合以及A&B和A|B的结果。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 23,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{9, 2, 3, 6}\n",
+      "{1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n",
+      "a&b:\n",
+      " {9, 6}\n",
+      "a|b:\n",
+      " {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=set()\n",
+    "b=set()\n",
+    "for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):\n",
+    "    a.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "    b.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "print(b)\n",
+    "print(\"a&b:\\n\",a&b)\n",
+    "print(\"a|b:\\n\",a|b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。(集合元素个数不定)。让用户猜集合中的数字，直到全部猜中为止。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{1, 4, 5, 8, 9}\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:1\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:4\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:5\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:8\n",
+      "请输入猜的数字:9\n",
+      "随机生成的集合是{1, 4, 5, 8, 9}，你一共猜了5次！\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=set()\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):\n",
+    "    a.add(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "b=set()\n",
+    "i=0\n",
+    "while True:    #这里为什么用while true\n",
+    "    if len(b)<len(a):\n",
+    "        i=i+1\n",
+    "        temp=int(input(\"请输入猜的数字:\"))\n",
+    "        if temp in a:\n",
+    "            b.add(temp)\n",
+    "    if a==b:\n",
+    "        print(\"随机生成的集合是{}，你一共猜了{}次！\".format(a,i))\n",
+    "        break"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 用键盘输入a和n,求Sn=a+aa+aaa+…+aa…aaa的值，例如当a=2,n=5时，S5=2+22+222+2222+22222"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 19,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入a的值：2\n",
+      "请输入n的值：5\n",
+      "24690\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=input(\"请输入a的值：\")\n",
+    "n=int(input(\"请输入n的值：\"))\n",
+    "s=0\n",
+    "t=0\n",
+    "for i in range(1,n+1):\n",
+    "    t=t*10+int(a)\n",
+    "    s=s+t    #这里a为字符，*i即将a连接i次\n",
+    "print(s)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "### 7.字典"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例1 数字重复统计：\n",
+    "     随机生成范围为[0,9]的100个整数，并升序输出所有不同的数字及其每个数字的重复次数"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 21,
+   "metadata": {
+    "scrolled": true
+   },
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[5, 0, 6, 8, 9, 0, 8, 8, 4, 5, 7, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 7, 8, 1, 0, 3, 9, 7, 6, 5, 0, 0, 5, 1, 9, 4, 4, 7, 0, 6, 8, 4, 1, 7, 3, 3, 0, 4, 0, 9, 0, 8, 4, 6, 4, 5, 1, 7, 7, 5, 7, 2, 8, 7, 0, 3, 8, 9, 5, 3, 6, 9, 9, 7, 9, 9, 0, 4, 6, 9, 9, 0, 2, 2, 9, 6, 9, 5, 4, 6, 9, 9, 9, 4, 5, 9, 8, 4, 9, 1, 2, 3]\n",
+      "[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9]\n",
+      "0:12次\n",
+      "1:5次\n",
+      "2:4次\n",
+      "3:7次\n",
+      "4:12次\n",
+      "5:14次\n",
+      "6:9次\n",
+      "7:10次\n",
+      "8:9次\n",
+      "9:18次\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,100):\n",
+    "    a.append(random.randint(0,9))\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "a.sort()   #数值的列表或字符串的列表，能用sort()方法排序。sort()方法当场对列表排序\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "counter={}\n",
+    "for j in a:\n",
+    "    counter[j]=counter.get(j,0)+1\n",
+    "for k,v in counter.items():\n",
+    "    print(\"{}:{}次\".format(k,v))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例 2、数字抽奖游戏\n",
+    "抽奖游戏设计为1000人参加。游戏根据随机数值抽奖，等级为一等奖, 二等奖、三等奖、四等奖。程序要求输出各等级奖品的个数。\n",
+    "       \n",
+    "       如果范围在[0,0.02)之间,代表一等奖,     \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.02,0.07)之间,代表二等奖,    \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.07,0.3)之间,代表三等奖,     \n",
+    "      如果范围在[0.3, 1.0)之间,代表四等奖,    \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 32,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
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0.3565399107009408, 0.4492886393454911, 0.938277590554761, 0.8664569894073654, 0.9424250627297949, 0.7008226591150715, 0.18727733812924496, 0.5606624128125727, 0.09829196146033004, 0.08905192258083494, 0.43199059951600893, 0.0867461231506621, 0.09419644051022935, 0.13462876571110272, 0.578922434626679, 0.4785259351510719, 0.4365827791321425, 0.3435656341644824, 0.12070143306652559, 0.6857554014669394, 0.218584953407162, 0.194905556524949, 0.14536167915758225, 0.029723540818331062, 0.6482869486347931, 0.5521419658065991, 0.07530745897118196, 0.5958181313659804, 0.5048042340710507, 0.047747469100089424, 0.09280484208620388, 0.4499773684881442, 0.33450434518204053, 0.6266482642131402, 0.27577360696056863, 0.5477301771073851, 0.5010927757877199, 0.25682326180615445, 0.6032336637033322, 0.8252941824885701, 0.9086495721645187, 0.08731694526213696, 0.22748419178782275, 0.3422677730056468, 0.3780983696200855, 0.6148184543454515, 0.07204057857426438, 0.3437858080970083, 0.28258168123213134, 0.38893827752077736, 0.8682296688163599, 0.1905030405488296, 0.8381807865350915, 0.9393745461291931, 0.5988398458702541, 0.2535337617935106, 0.9246175569114425, 0.518896995109667, 0.2903366725540646, 0.30539167576003257, 0.2419481614025205, 0.12456645029982638, 0.25819827479601587, 0.3292307136825602, 0.11446783781201408, 0.41774278568166057, 0.12322393480888172, 0.20016003325343057, 0.8541552305394139, 0.40923791745785565, 0.9490875102640502, 0.01293407036453631, 0.5457601846493346, 0.4688643369524512, 0.5290580024624434, 0.5853344017702585, 0.9282739897216816, 0.036355969713423586, 0.7560982793896256, 0.7062838566805847, 0.6313067755605954, 0.6971869078378443, 0.7314626795959291, 0.3106143970235532, 0.31652418938356786, 0.06994830252884687, 0.790137233713826, 0.6302950541452865, 0.5648673837748541, 0.7340166105816258, 0.60675136711044, 0.2695525298281245, 0.6179056457143374, 0.1890573070593683, 0.537261664937198, 0.5357027743550375, 0.607912806872295, 0.7942461928791646, 0.974107086808203, 0.5334507493672531, 0.8247594204920226, 0.2125262007069858, 0.8813258687882236, 0.44907484766536976, 0.6193619894305957, 0.06464056897866743, 0.25662481256566205, 0.5377952474547621, 0.7168341904324659, 0.16722634258588776, 0.34006271025716694, 0.9522184068547155, 0.2830996433065902, 0.11965173092480907, 0.9622106335201799, 0.5084613464770369, 0.7045403345769568, 0.17400235109232665, 0.40797734618986103, 0.022279276286640504, 0.12956592489435192, 0.36596482018997945, 0.17270489568947844, 0.9166346689336357, 0.8714978623624561, 0.3136059687091136, 0.8160864931885907, 0.1771748458827458, 0.9440702521450304, 0.3461116377762431, 0.4773286348424033, 0.5458784281001814, 0.016283959718477625, 0.5212798353844983, 0.406102331568991, 0.05451601325888855, 0.7250051496989143, 0.6828946621156278, 0.1107475648048809, 0.8325426621055056, 0.8414383879607192, 0.5923889969358305, 0.30801631034467924, 0.33626225397224163, 0.7586574782925192, 0.7596344214988955, 0.7740015994301784, 0.20541054377765222, 0.37791293710127816, 0.8474142485589544, 0.08271299499987272, 0.222900063186668, 0.8344450333680592, 0.1452265057364045, 0.8650279122325412, 0.5757888991150799, 0.5733678873498126, 0.1420929074174433, 0.11082507139651454, 0.07139081675769832, 0.5151077763171201, 0.6557135171601327, 0.024330404029404007, 0.382007222760232, 0.07013689911723542, 0.06257912823647305, 0.02069468251986739, 0.4496891545025251, 0.29051003436681067, 0.9140487006085973, 0.11923085860554739, 0.9454311676547448, 0.11332446163202914, 0.10812125114637217, 0.9706430487463944, 0.5415156537558669, 0.2254302662815273, 0.6944623405628217, 0.3010750628888117, 0.15076417426195066, 0.29227619532255067, 0.8010566520343322, 0.13594400117985017, 0.5416057123563284, 0.1906762392483381, 0.07057010104536876, 0.42790558949866386, 0.41504197195838455, 0.9381233891766246, 0.035852151711184166, 0.15581410400776086, 0.012192353757387697, 0.4989974331001278, 0.3975779561954944, 0.6184654444665001, 0.7990959532436098, 0.07087494707766184, 0.0550164094193516, 0.24440462503580462, 0.07021329041344915, 0.7728957231522361, 0.7496898360921366, 0.7484724954226676, 0.430546263738139, 0.8080127457351421, 0.6783151098629614, 0.10722869409367575, 0.9812470265866108, 0.9644669024566498, 0.4004248322799139, 0.7371063719149918, 0.6465696043451191, 0.9787262286046967, 0.06219159316226597, 0.030945254280587364, 0.09329140466239394, 0.8918152392115212, 0.8811059567587751, 0.9692157641006318, 0.0376741085742901, 0.16021947580746154, 0.16739280060819284, 0.6482254525904454, 0.1485363023552092, 0.6181873308134967, 0.7801778686303129, 0.19188586044598888, 0.4888577894152808, 0.3421436999010664, 0.40126644142689427, 0.019159478469313318, 0.4350622362034112, 0.06644323371817129, 0.13746378443137575, 0.3137612746656242, 0.12236943759139274, 0.4403560877784126, 0.871134856022225, 0.1355740032318582, 0.7252703305318873, 0.6253511162751378, 0.3512191705795832, 0.9710134717492567, 0.8803725528261294, 0.7286055696405698, 0.01959358973280212, 0.4766429269619823, 0.3474125841382194, 0.6723702909090215, 0.4074040648937607, 0.5869265447892952, 0.7495529611775413, 0.12204321920903305, 0.489555190798563, 0.9512904999060002, 0.009300673347044985, 0.5105260710251173, 0.09949696807694297, 0.24656838916007895, 0.33664094804588773, 0.8552933949414541, 0.07097968121967557, 0.5100393008797942, 0.8672221817826045, 0.08973420116002673, 0.888266929066065, 0.5227008905170705, 0.4326425381377802, 0.5730388347751113, 0.6223291159802484, 0.007940516223145178, 0.5106277888415763, 0.6549486799478318, 0.24682547437406133, 0.7151459983290471, 0.9192906568624458, 0.6901337985215019, 0.1045380010253526, 0.7060899321151454, 0.5879789286287963, 0.9632208612978375, 0.33006721725226296, 0.8520504729937978, 0.5317265625980826, 0.12924922035682707, 0.3617102655125628, 0.14437672210220442, 0.6514526091435922, 0.5832835124522356, 0.07988341417967626, 0.7631222264574651, 0.8168894576187803, 0.8367778791570244, 0.3870274539991687, 0.301008412046999, 0.6010580245137114, 0.5534837693148776, 0.5411061278657642, 0.9312903955030197, 0.6245597672251507, 0.4852547151358828, 0.006605147385696508, 0.33517085052805595, 0.39530157085442463, 0.21157220296148194, 0.3857169253498359, 0.5096757303266869, 0.27198927362298586, 0.4129057082677764, 0.1685803745541713, 0.23225095322410516, 0.7104231358829536, 0.04952783051126053, 0.49831525369673124, 0.5916086999223062]\n",
+      "一等奖 26\n",
+      "二等奖 57\n",
+      "三等奖 226\n",
+      "四等奖 691\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "import random\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,1000):\n",
+    "    a.append(random.random())\n",
+    "print(a)\n",
+    "counter={'一等奖':0,'二等奖':0,'三等奖':0,'四等奖':0}    #[设置字典]\n",
+    "for j in range(0,1000):\n",
+    "        if 0<=a[j]<0.02:\n",
+    "            counter['一等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.02<=a[j]<0.07:\n",
+    "            counter['二等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.07<=a[j]<0.3:\n",
+    "            counter['三等奖']+=1\n",
+    "        elif 0.3<=a[j]<1:\n",
+    "            counter['四等奖']+=1   \n",
+    "for i,v in counter.items():    #输出字典中的键值对\n",
+    "    print(i,v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 13周 第3题"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例3 编写代码实现如下功能：\n",
+    "1）建立字典d，包含内容是：\"数学\":101、\"语文\":202、\"英语\":203、\"物理\":204、\"生物\":206\n",
+    "\n",
+    "2）向字典添加键值对\"化学\":205\n",
+    "\n",
+    "3）修改\"数学\"对应的值为201\n",
+    "\n",
+    "4）删除\"生物\"对应的键值对\n",
+    "\n",
+    "5）显示字典d全部信息"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "{'数学': 201, '语文': 202, '英语': 203, '物理': 204, '化学': 205}\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "A={'数学':101,'语文':202,\"英语\":203,'物理':204,'生物':206}\n",
+    "A['化学']=205     #修改键值\n",
+    "A['数学']=201\n",
+    "del A['生物']\n",
+    "print(A)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 14周，第2题 词频分析"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 例4 现在有个列表变量ls=[87,55,96,21,34,19,99]， 请输入一个正整数m。编写函数MediaSort,该函数将列表中小于等于m的数放在列表左侧，将列表中大于m的数放在列表右侧，并将结果以一个新列表返回。例如输入m=30，函数返回列表[21，19, 87，55, 96， 34，99]。 注意函数不能影响原来的列表的次序。程序调用这个函数并显示原列表和新列表。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 26,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "[87, 55, 96, 21, 34, 19, 99]\n",
+      "请输入一个整数30\n",
+      "[21, 19, 87, 55, 96, 34, 99]\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[87,55,96,21,34,19,99]\n",
+    "print(ls)\n",
+    "def MediaSort(m,ls):\n",
+    "    it,rt,x=[],[],[]\n",
+    "    for s in ls:\n",
+    "        if s<=m:    #产生左右列表\n",
+    "            it.append(s)\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            rt.append(s)\n",
+    "    x=it+rt\n",
+    "    return(x)\n",
+    "m=int(input(\"请输入一个整数\"))  #int！！\n",
+    "print(MediaSort(m,ls))"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "[-50, -20, 2, 3.14, 10]"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 4,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "numberList = [2, 10, 3.14, -20, -50]\n",
+    "numberList.sort()\n",
+    "numberList"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "#### 用一个二维列表来存储学生信息，每个学生的信息包括学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2共4项，从键盘输入数据。之后再在每个学生记录中增加一项平均成绩，然后按平均成绩对这些学生排序后依次输出学号、姓名、平均分几项信息。"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    a=input(\"每个学生的信息包括学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2:\").split(\" \")\n",
+    "    ls.append(a)\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    b=(int(ls[i][2])+int(ls[i][3]))/2\n",
+    "    ls[i].append(b)\n",
+    "ls.sort(key=lambda x:x[4])\n",
+    "for j in range(0,5):\n",
+    "    print(ls[j][0],ls[j][1],ls[j][4])\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 14,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "请输入第0个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第1个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第2个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第3个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "请输入第4个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：1 2 3 4\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n",
+      "1 2 3.5\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=[]\n",
+    "pls=[]\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "   record=input(\"请输入第{:d}个学生的学号、姓名、成绩1、成绩2,以空格分隔：\".format(i)).split(\" \")\n",
+    "   ls.append(record)\n",
+    "for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "   v=(int(ls[i][2])+int(ls[i][3]))/2\n",
+    "   ls[i].append(v)\n",
+    "   pls.append(v)\n",
+    "pls.sort()\n",
+    "for x in pls:\n",
+    "   for i in range(0,5):\n",
+    "      if x==ls[i][4]:\n",
+    "         print(ls[i][0],ls[i][1],ls[i][4])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 18,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "   ；appabcdappabcd\n",
+      "abcdabcd\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "a=input('   ；')\n",
+    "v=a.replace(\"app\",\"\")\n",
+    "print(v)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 28,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "       :121212\n",
+      "['1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2']\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "ls=list(input(\"       :\"))\n",
+    "a=[]\n",
+    "b=[]\n",
+    "for i in ls:\n",
+    "    if int(i)%2!=0:\n",
+    "        a.append(i)\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        b.append(i)\n",
+    "print(a+b)"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 22,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "3.0"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 22,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "1/4+2.75"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.7.1"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}
diff --git "a/docs/views/data \346\224\276/2021-11-21-SQL\345\205\245\351\227\250\347\254\224\350\256\260.md" "b/docs/views/data \346\224\276/2021-11-21-SQL\345\205\245\351\227\250\347\254\224\350\256\260.md"
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9bf3b7cf
--- /dev/null
+++ "b/docs/views/data \346\224\276/2021-11-21-SQL\345\205\245\351\227\250\347\254\224\350\256\260.md"	
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+---
+layout: post
+title: SQL入门笔记
+date: 2021-11-21
+author: Moon
+header-img: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12b411K7Zu?from=search&seid=15878927787643431236&spm_id_from=333.337.0.0
+categories:
+  - 数据分析部
+tags:
+  - SQL
+---
+
+### SQL入门笔记
+
+一、数据库相关概念  
+DB：储存数据的“仓库”  （储物柜）  
+DBMS： 数据库管理系统。数据库是通过DBMS创造和操作的容器  （管家）
+>分两类1.基于共享文件（Access）2.基于客户机——服务器的DBMS（MySQL等）（一般都是服务端）
+
+SQL：结构化查询语言：专门用来与数据库通讯的语言（语言/密码）
+>1.几乎所有DBNS都支持SQL
+
+二、SQL软件下载  
+Windows平台：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/  
+或者直接的up主下面链接——百度网盘保存，里面资料里有
+>1.建议安装步骤照着推荐up主第8次课  
+2.更改数据可以用写字板打开my.ini，改为重启  
+如何关闭——windows+R键打开窗口（用管理员身份）net stop xxx（服务名）
+
+三、登录  
+1、用mysql自带客户端（只限root用户）  
+2、用windows自带客户端
+> mysql 【-h主机名 -P端口号】 -u root -p密码   
+
+3.退出——exit/ctrl+c
+
+
+2021年11月22日——27日
+
+四、常见命令介绍
+
+1、所有命令后面加；（分号）
+
+2、查看当前所有数据库
+>select databases;  
+
+![]
+
+3、打开指定库
+>use 库名
+
+4、查看当前库所有表
+>show tables；
+
+5、查看其它库所有表
+>show tables from 库名；
+
+6、建表
+>create table 表名(    
+列名 列类型，  
+列名 列类型，
+  ···  
+);
+
+7、看表结构
+>desc 表名;
+
+>总：增加insert，修改update，删除delete，查询select
+
+8、查看版本
+
+登录到服务端
+>select version
+
+未登录
+>mysql --version  
+mysql --V
+
+五、SQL语法规范
+
+1、不区分大小写，但建议关键字大写，表名、列名小写
+
+2、每条命令；结尾
+
+3、每条命令根据需要，可以进行缩进 或换行
+
+4、注释
+>单行注释： #注释文字  
+单行注释：--注释文字  
+多行注释：/*注释文字 */.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git "a/docs/views/data \346\224\276/Python\345\244\215\344\271\240\344\276\213\351\242\230.md" "b/docs/views/data \346\224\276/Python\345\244\215\344\271\240\344\276\213\351\242\230.md"
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..afce7665
--- /dev/null
+++ "b/docs/views/data \346\224\276/Python\345\244\215\344\271\240\344\276\213\351\242\230.md"	
@@ -0,0 +1,516 @@
+---
+
+layout:post  
+tutle:Python 复习  
+date:2021-11-14  
+author:胡清月   
+categories:   
+|- 数据分析部  
+tags:  
+|-Python 复习  
+
+---
+## Python 复习
+
+### 1.while循环
+
+#### 例1 输出从1加到99的总和
+```python
+n=0
+i=1
+while i<=99:
+    n=n+i
+    i+=1
+print("总和为：",n)
+```
+
+#### 例2 输出从1加到用户指定数字的总和
+```python
+#法一  （用while循环）
+a=int(input("请输入一个整数："))#注意转化为数字类型
+n=0
+i=1
+while i<=a:
+    n=n+i
+    i+=1
+print('1+...+',a,"=",n)
+```
+
+```python
+#法二   （用for in 循环）
+a=int(input("请输入一个整数："))
+n=0
+for i in  range(a):
+    n=n+i+1              #range函数为左闭右开区间 所以后面要+1
+print('1+...+',a,"=",n)
+```
+
+#### 例3 对用户输入的一系列整数求和并计数，当用户输入0，程序结束输入
+```python
+#if 和 while的结合
+i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))
+n=0
+while i!=0:
+    n=n+i
+    i=int(input('请输入一个整数：'))
+print('和为：',n)
+```
+
+#### 例4 从键盘接收两个整数，编程求出这两个整数的最大公约数和最小公倍数。（求自最大公约数可用辗转相除法：两个整数的最大公约数等于其中较小者与  较大者对较小者余数  的最大公约数，循环下去，直到余数为零结束，此时的较小者即为最大公约数。）
+```python
+a,b=eval(input("请输入两个整数,以逗号分隔："))
+x,y=a,b
+while y!=0:
+    m=x%y
+    x=y
+    y=m
+print("zdgys=",x)
+print("zdgbs=",a*b/x)
+```
+
+### 2.if 类题型
+
+#### 例1.按照 1$ = 6￥ 人民币的汇率,编写一个美元和人民币的双向兑换程序,并运行
+```python
+m=input('请输入需要转化的货币值(美元以$结尾，人民币以￥结尾：')
+if m[-1]=="$":
+    ren=eval(m[0:-1])*6
+    print(m+"转化为人民币为：{:.2f}".format(ren))
+elif m[-1]=="￥":
+    mei=eval(m[0:-1])/6
+    print(m+"转化为美元为：{:.2f}".format(mei))
+    print(m[0:-1])  # m[0:1]为左闭右开
+    print(m)
+else:
+    print('输入无效')
+```
+>小tips ——str函数能将数值型变量转换成字符串，这样就可以用+连接字符串
+
+*补：<1>关于进制的转化*   
+*格式化输出65的二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制的表达形式，及其对应的unicode字符*
+```python
+print('十进制{0}的二进制为：0B{0:b},八进制为0O{0:o},十六进制为：0X{0:X},对应的unicode字符为{0:c} '.format(65))
+```
+#### 例2 “回文数"是一种数字，如:98789, 这个数字正读是98789,倒读也是98789,正读倒读一样,这个数字就是回文数。编程实现判定输入的任意一个整数是否是回文数。
+```python
+a=str(input('请输入任意整数:'))
+if a==a[::-1]:
+          print('{}是回文数'.format(a))
+else:
+          print('{}不是回文数'.format(a))
+```
+*补<2>关于翻转*
+```python
+a="987"  
+print(a[::-1])    #[::-1]是翻转
+```
+#### 例3 用户设置（即输入）密码，要求密码至少8位，而且只能包含字母汉字、数字、下划线，请编程实现密码输入，并判定其是否合法
+```python
+#可以删除_之后再用isalnum()判断
+#isalnum()函数可以判断的字符包括数字、字母、中文字符
+passw=input("请输入密码：")
+if len(passw)<8:
+    print("密码不合法")
+else:
+    if "_" in passw:
+        passw=passw.replace("_","")
+    if passw.isalnum():
+        print("密码满足要求")
+    else:
+        print("密码不满足要求")
+```
+### 3. for in 循环
+#### 例1（条件中条件）1、完数指一个数恰好等于它的所有因子之和（不包括其本身）。例：6的因子是1,2,3，而6=1+2+3,因此6是完数，编程输出1000之内的所有完数
+```python
+for i in range(3,1001):
+    n=0
+    for v in range(1,i):
+        if i%v==0:
+            n=n+v
+    if n==i: #此处就是与for平级关系
+        print(i)
+```
+#### 例2 一只公鸡5元钱，一只母鸡3元钱，三只小鸡1元钱，用100元钱买100只鸡，有几种方案？分别写出。输出格式为：
+第1组解：公鸡：0 母鸡：25 小鸡：75    
+第2组解：公鸡：4 母鸡：18 小鸡：78    
+```python
+s=0
+for x in range(0,21):
+    for y in range(0,34):
+        if x*5+y*3+(100-x-y)/3==100:
+            s=s+1
+            print("第{}组解：公鸡：{} 母鸡：{} 小鸡：{}".format(s,x,y,100-x-y))
+```
+#### 例3 输出10000之内的所有水仙花数。水仙花数是一个n（n>=3）位数，它的每个位上的数字的n次幂之和等于其本身
+```python
+for i in range(1,10001):   #着重看
+    a=str(i)
+    b=len(a)
+    s=0
+    for v in range(0,b):
+        s=s+pow(int(a[v]),b)
+    if s==i:
+        print(s)
+```
+#### 例4 编写程序，用户输入一个合数，程序将其分解为质因式输出，如：60=2* 2* 3* 5
+```python
+n=int(input("请输入一个合数："))       #法一
+s=str(n)+"="
+for i in range(2,n): #i设定为除数
+    while n % i==0: #若i除尽n,则i为质因数，重置被除数，连续除i
+        s=s+str(i)+"*"
+        n=n//i    #布置下一次的被除数
+print(s[0:-1])
+```
+```python
+a=int(input("请输入一个合数:"))     #法二
+b=2
+c=""
+d=a
+def sushu(n):
+          for i in range(2,n):
+                    if n%i==0:
+                              break
+          else:
+                    return True
+while b<=a:                           #如果用for in循环无法让一个数重复
+          if a%b==0 and sushu(b):
+                    c=c+str(b)+"*"
+                    a=a/b
+          else:
+                    b=b+1 
+print('因式分解的结果是:{}={}'.format(d,c[:-1]))
+```
+### 4. 函数
+#### 例1 编写实现求一个整数参数的偶数位之和的函数,函数名为evensum。调用该函数，输出整数123456的偶数位的和
+```python
+def evensum(n):
+    v=str(n)
+    m=v[-2::-2]
+    a=0
+    c=""
+    for i in range(len(m)):
+        s=int(m[i])
+        a=a+s
+    return a
+
+print(evensum(123456))
+```
+>#### tips int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数
+#### 例2  编写函数，实现将二进制字符串转化为10进制数。参数为字符串，返回值为数值。编程实现用户输入二进制数，输出十进制数。
+```python
+def f(n):
+    s=int(n,2)  #int函数的第2个参数表示进制。功能则是将字符串转换成十进制整数
+    return s
+print(f('1000'))
+```
+#### 例3 编写匿名函数，实现：传入一个字符串，返回不包含空格在内的字符的个数。调用匿名函数实现对用户输入的字符串进行上述处理，并输出字符串长度。
+```python
+process=lambda a:len(a.replace(" ",""))
+v=input("请输入字符串：")
+print("字符串长度:",process(v))
+```
+*异常处理*
+#### 例4 实现isNum()函数，参数为一个字符串，如果这个字符串属于整数、浮点数，则返回True，否则返回False。
+```python
+def isNum(n):    
+    try:
+        if type(eval(n))in [int, float]:    
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+    except:
+        return False
+```
+#### 例5 实现isPrime()函数，参数为整数，要有异常处理。如果整数是质数，返回True，否则返回False
+```python
+def isPrime(n):
+    try:
+        a=int(n)
+        for i in range(2,a):
+            if a%i==0:      #判断素数要把循环全部遍历完再判断
+                break
+        if i==a-1:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+    except:         #不在except段直接return False 可以避免输入有误和输入非质数混淆
+        print("不合法元素")
+        exit(0)                              #终止程序
+
+y=input("请输入一个整数：")
+if isPrime(y):
+    print(y,"是素数")
+else:
+    print(y,"不是素数")
+```
+#### 例6 编写一个递归函数，实现将十进制数转化为二进制串，并调用该函数。
+```python
+def zhuan(x):          #法一
+    if x==0:
+        return "" #当商为0时，无需转换，因此返回空
+    else:
+        z=x%2    #生成余数
+        x=x//2   #布置下一次的被除数
+        return zhuan(x)+ str(z) #将生成的余数从左边进行连接，符合二进制数生成规律（递归）
+s1=zhuan(20)
+print(s1)
+```
+```python
+s=""
+def digui(n):
+    global s    #声明s为全局变量，则每次函数调用，都可使用和修改s
+    x,y=divmod(n,2)#x为商，y为余数
+    s=s+str(y)
+    if x>=1:
+        return digui(x) #商大于等于1时，继续短除法（递归）
+    else:
+        return s[::-1] #将得到的字符串逆序，以符合二进制数生成规律
+a=eval(input("请输入一个十进制数:"))
+p=digui(a)
+print("它的二进制为:",p)
+```
+*补<3>引用函数*
+#### 例1 编写程序，利用random库，生成10个随机密码，每个密码固定为10个字符，字符可能是26个小写字母，也可能是10个数字，也可能是!@#￥%^&*8个特殊符号。输出格式为：
+hcnk%xtp  
+5c6fltm@    
+*x*8ddz&   
+4clc0dbn   
+y651qrdx    
+.......
+```python
+import random
+v="0123456789!@#￥%^&*abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+for n in range (0,10):
+    password=""
+    for i in range(0,10):
+        a=random.randint(0,43)
+        password=password+v[a]
+    print(password)  
+```
+#### 例2 编程实现：请验证1000以内的偶数是否符合哥德巴赫猜想。哥德巴赫猜想：任何一个大于等于6的偶数均可表示为两个素数之和。例如6=3+3,8=3+5,…,18=7+11。
+```python
+def sushu(n):
+    for i in range(2,n):
+        if n % i == 0:
+            break
+    if i == n-1:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+    
+for m in range(6,10,2):
+    for a in range(3,m//2+1):                  #这里的m一定是m//2+1
+        if sushu(a) and sushu(m-a):            #不是很懂
+            print("{}={}+{}".format(m,a,m-a),end=" ")
+    print()
+```
+### 5. 列表
+#### 例1 编写程序，接收用户输入的一行由分号“;”分隔的若干个整数，计算这些数的平均数，并且统计有多少个数大于平均数，多少个数小于平均数。
+```python
+a=list(eval(input("请输入若干整数，以；分隔").replace(";",",")))
+b=sum(a)/len(a)
+print("平均数为:",b)
+d=x=0
+for item in a:
+    if item>b:
+        d=d+1
+    elif item<b:
+        x=x+1
+print("大于平均数的有{:d}个，小于平均数的有{:d}个".format(d,x))
+```
+#### 例2 编写程序，让用户通过键盘来输入6道单项选择题的选项，然后和答案进行比对，进而输出评分（设定1题1分），答案依次为C、B、C、B、A、A。
+```python
+s=["C","B","C","B","A","A"]
+b=list(input("请输入答案"))
+print(b)
+a=0
+for i in range(6):
+    if s[i]==b[i]:
+        a=a+1
+print(a,"分")
+```
+```python
+answer=[]
+for i in range(6):
+    a=input("第"+str(i+1)+"题选择:")
+    answer.append(a.upper())
+solution=["C","B","C","B","A","A"]
+score=0
+for j in range(6):
+    if answer[j]==solution[j]:
+        score+=1
+print('得分为:',score)
+```
+#### 例3 编写函数。实现把列表中第一个元素与最后一个元素对调，第二个元素与倒数第二个元素对调，以此类推。
+```python
+def exchange(ls):
+    ls.reverse()
+    return ls
+
+a=["A","B","C","D","E","F"]
+b=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
+print(exchange(a))
+print(exchange(b))
+```
+#### 例4 编写程序，随机生成由两位整数组成的二维列表(5行5列)，并输出。输出效果如下图所示。同时，程序输出行内元素和最大的一行的行号，以及列内元素和最大的一列的列号。
+```python
+import random     #法一
+s=[[random.randint(10,99)for y in range(5)]for x in range(5)]
+for i in s:
+    for j in i:
+        print(j,end="")
+    print()
+    
+line=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]
+column=[sum(s[i][j]for j in range(5))for i in range(5)]
+print(line.index(max(line))+1)
+print(column.index(max(column))+1)
+```
+>x={1,2,3,4}   
+x.pop()
+#### 例5 编写函数，将一串文本中的辅音字母（去掉元音字母）反序后返回。编写代码，调用该函数。
+```python
+def fu(n):
+    a=input("请输入一串英文文本：")
+    a=a.replace("a","")
+    a=a.replace("e","")
+    a=a.replace("i","")
+    a=a.replace("o","")
+    a=a.replace("u","")
+    a=a.replace("A","")
+    a=a.replace("E","")
+    a=a.replace("I","")
+    a=a.replace("O","")
+    a=a.replace("U","")
+    a=a[::-1]
+    return a 
+fu(n)
+```
+```python
+def nixu(s):
+    h=""
+    for x in s:
+        if x in ["a","e","i","o","u","A","E","I","O","U"]:
+            i=s.index(x)
+            s=s[0:i]+s[i+1:]
+    for y in s:
+        h=y+h
+    return(h)
+
+n=input("请输入一段文本：")
+print(nixu(n))
+```
+#### 例6 随机生成6行6列的矩阵(每个值都是10~99之间的整数)。求主对角线上元素的乘积，以及副对角线上元素的和。
+```python
+a=[]
+import random
+for j in range(6):
+    s=[]
+    for i in range(6):
+        s.append(random.randint(10,99))
+        print(s[i],end=" ")
+    a.append(s)
+    print( )
+    
+v=a[0][0]*a[1][1]*a[2][2]*a[3][3]*a[4][4]*a[5][5]
+print(v)
+```
+### 6. 集合
+#### 例1	获得用户输入的一个整数N，输出N中所出现不同数字的和。例如：用户输入 123123123，其中所出现的不同数字为：1、2、3，这几个数字和为6。 
+```python
+N=input("请输入一个整数：")
+n=set(N)
+v=0
+st=""
+for i in n:    #对集合中遍历不用range
+    v=v+int(i)     #集合中把字符变成数字
+    st=st+"+"+i
+print(st[1:],"=",v)
+```
+#### 例2 	从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。按此方法同样生成集合B。(集合元素个数不定)分别输出A、B集合以及A&B和A|B的结果。
+```python
+import random
+a=set()
+b=set()
+for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):
+    a.add(random.randint(0,9))
+    b.add(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+print(b)
+print("a&b:\n",a&b)
+print("a|b:\n",a|b)
+```
+#### 例3 从0到9中随机选择，生成1到10个随机数，这些数字组成集合A。(集合元素个数不定)。让用户猜集合中的数字，直到全部猜中为止。
+```python
+a=set()
+import random
+for i in range(0,random.randint(1,10)):
+    a.add(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+b=set()
+i=0
+while True:    #这里为什么用while true
+    if len(b)<len(a):
+        i=i+1
+        temp=int(input("请输入猜的数字:"))
+        if temp in a:
+            b.add(temp)
+    if a==b:
+        print("随机生成的集合是{}，你一共猜了{}次！".format(a,i))
+        break
+ ```
+#### 例4 用键盘输入a和n,求Sn=a+aa+aaa+…+aa…aaa的值，例如当a=2,n=5时，S5=2+22+222+2222+22222
+```python
+a=input("请输入a的值：")
+n=int(input("请输入n的值："))
+s=0
+t=0
+for i in range(1,n+1):
+    t=t*10+int(a)
+    s=s+t    #这里a为字符，*i即将a连接i次
+print(s)
+```
+### 7.字典
+#### 例1 数字重复统计：
+     随机生成范围为[0,9]的100个整数，并升序输出所有不同的数字及其每个数字的重复次数
+```python
+import random
+a=[]
+for i in range(0,100):
+    a.append(random.randint(0,9))
+print(a)
+a.sort()   #数值的列表或字符串的列表，能用sort()方法排序。sort()方法当场对列表排序
+print(a)
+counter={}
+for j in a:
+    counter[j]=counter.get(j,0)+1
+for k,v in counter.items():
+    print("{}:{}次".format(k,v))
+```
+#### 例 2、数字抽奖游戏
+抽奖游戏设计为1000人参加。游戏根据随机数值抽奖，等级为一等奖, 二等奖、三等奖、四等奖。程序要求输出各等级奖品的个数。
+       
+       如果范围在[0,0.02)之间,代表一等奖,     
+      如果范围在[0.02,0.07)之间,代表二等奖,    
+      如果范围在[0.07,0.3)之间,代表三等奖,     
+      如果范围在[0.3, 1.0)之间,代表四等奖
+```python
+import random
+a=[]
+for i in range(0,1000):
+    a.append(random.random())
+print(a)
+counter={'一等奖':0,'二等奖':0,'三等奖':0,'四等奖':0}    #[设置字典]
+for j in range(0,1000):
+        if 0<=a[j]<0.02:
+            counter['一等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.02<=a[j]<0.07:
+            counter['二等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.07<=a[j]<0.3:
+            counter['三等奖']+=1
+        elif 0.3<=a[j]<1:
+            counter['四等奖']+=1   
+for i,v in counter.items():    #输出字典中的键值对
+    print(i,v)
+```
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