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@article{HNF,
abstract = {The Helmholtz Nano Facility (HNF) is a state-of-the-art cleanroom facility. The cleanroom has {\~{}}1100 m2 with cleanroom classes of DIN ISO 1-3. HNF operates according to VDI DIN 2083, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and aquivalent to Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) standards. HNF is a user facility of Forschungszentrum Julich and comprises a network of facilities, processes and systems for research, production and characterization of micro- and nanostructures. HNF meets the basic supply of micro- and nanostructures for nanoelectronics, fluidics. micromechanics, biology, neutron and energy science, etc..The task of HNF is rapid progress in nanostructures and their technology, offering efficient access to infrastructure and equipment. HNF gives access to expertise and provides resources in production, synthesis, characterization and integration of structures, devices and circuits. HNF covers the range from basic research to application oriented research facilitating a broad variety of different materials and different sample sizes.},
author = {Albrecht, Wolfgang and Moers, Juergen and Hermanns, Bernd},
doi = {10.17815/jlsrf-3-158},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Downloads/158-750-1-PB.pdf:pdf},
issn = {2364-091X},
journal = {Journal of large-scale research facilities JLSRF},
pages = {A112},
title = {{HNF - Helmholtz Nano Facility}},
url = {https://jlsrf.org/index.php/lsf/article/view/158},
volume = {3},
year = {2017}
}
@article{Gullans2010,
abstract = {We theoretically investigate the controlled dynamic polarization of lattice nuclear spins in GaAs double quantum dots containing two electrons. Three regimes of long-term dynamics are identified, including the buildup of a large difference in the Overhauser fields across the dots, the saturation of the nuclear polarization process associated with formation of so-called "dark states", and the elimination of the difference field. We show that in the case of unequal dots, buildup of difference fields generally accompanies the nuclear polarization process, whereas for nearly identical dots, buildup of difference fields competes with polarization saturation in dark states. The elimination of the difference field does not, in general, correspond to a stable steady state of the polarization process.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1003.4508},
author = {Gullans, M. and Krich, J. J. and Taylor, J. M. and Bluhm, H. and Halperin, B. I. and Marcus, C. M. and Stopa, M. and Yacoby, A. and Lukin, M. D.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.226807},
eprint = {1003.4508},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Gullans et al. - 2010 - Dynamic nuclear polarization in double quantum dots.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0031-9007},
issn = {00319007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {22},
pages = {27--30},
pmid = {20867197},
title = {{Dynamic nuclear polarization in double quantum dots}},
volume = {104},
year = {2010}
}
@phdthesis{Adams2014,
abstract = {Spin-Qubits as elementary building blocks of a quantum computer promise scalability due to the use of fabrication methods of the semiconductor industry. In this thesis a way of calculating an optimal set of voltages is presented based on tunnel coupling and the WKB approximation. A couple of constraints prevent the creation of undesired electron baths as well as tunneling off the dot in a certain direction. Furthermore, different layouts are optimized and compared to each other using appropriate quality factors, like the voltages needed to change this tunnel coupling or the independent tunability of the desired parameters. As a result, a new proposal for the Standard Delft Layout with different gate lengths is created. On top of that, a scalable layout is optimized which promises the best properties regarding the quality factors.},
address = {Aachen},
author = {Adams, Martin},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Adams - 2014 - Gate Layout Optimization for Silicon Quantum Bits.pdf:pdf},
number = {September},
pages = {46},
school = {RWTH Aachen},
title = {{Gate Layout Optimization for Silicon Quantum Bits}},
type = {Bachelor's thesis},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Delbecq2014,
abstract = {We report the realization of an array of four tunnel coupled quantum dots in the single electron regime, which is the first required step toward a scalable solid state spin qubit architecture. We achieve an efficient tunability of the system but also find out that the conditions to realize spin blockade readout are not as straightforwardly obtained as for double and triple quantum dot circuits. We use a simple capacitive model of the series quadruple quantum dots circuit to investigate its complex charge state diagrams and are able to find the most suitable configurations for future Pauli spin blockade measurements. We then experimentally realize the corresponding charge states with a good agreement to our model.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1404.6047},
author = {Delbecq, M. R. and Nakajima, T. and Otsuka, T. and Amaha, S. and Watson, J. D. and Manfra, M. J. and Tarucha, S.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4875909},
eprint = {1404.6047},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Delbecq et al. - 2014 - Full control of quadruple quantum dot circuit charge states in the single electron regime.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0003-6951},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {18},
pages = {1--4},
pmid = {24553652},
title = {{Full control of quadruple quantum dot circuit charge states in the single electron regime}},
volume = {104},
year = {2014}
}
@misc{linecuts2015,
abstract = {Linecuts},
author = {Bethke, Patrick},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bethke - 2015 - linecuts.m:m},
title = {linecuts},
url = {//janeway.institut2b.physik.rwth-aachen.de/User Ag Bluhm/Common/GaAs/Code/+util/linecuts.m},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Crippa2017,
author = {Crippa, Alessandro and Maurand, Romain and Kotekar-Patil, Dharmraj and Corna, Andrea and Bohuslavskyi, Heorhii and Orlov, Alexei O. and Fay, Patrick and Lavi{\'{e}}ville, Romain and Barraud, Sylvain and Vinet, Maud and Sanquer, Marc and {De Franceschi}, Silvano and Jehl, Xavier},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Crippa et al. - 2017 - Level Spectrum and Charge Relaxation in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot Probed by Dual-Gate Reflectometry(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {1530-6984},
journal = {Nano Letters},
keywords = {1 in,charge relaxation,dispersive readout,double quantum dot,for the readout of,high-frequency resonator,is one of the,necessary ingredients for the,ntegration of charge sensors,quantum bits,quantum computers,qubits,re fl ectometry,realization of scalable semiconductor,silicon},
pages = {acs.nanolett.6b04354},
title = {{Level Spectrum and Charge Relaxation in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot Probed by Dual-Gate Reflectometry}},
url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354},
year = {2017}
}
@misc{comsolkit2015,
abstract = {Wrapper around the LiveLink™ for MATLAB{\textregistered} Interface of COMSOL Multiphysics{\textregistered}, tailored for gate layout optimisation in heterostructures.},
author = {Kammerloher, Eugen},
title = {comsolkit},
url = {https://github.com/ekammerloher/comsolkit},
year = {2015}
}
@phdthesis{Arndt2015,
author = {Arndt, Lisa},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Arndt - 2015 - Time-Scales of Charge Relaxation in a Superconducting Island via an Inductive Shunt.pdf:pdf},
school = {RWTH Aachen},
title = {{Time-Scales of Charge Relaxation in a Superconducting Island via an Inductive Shunt}},
type = {Bachelors Thesis},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Scholze2000,
abstract = {A three-dimensional (3-D) simulator is presented which uses a linear-response approach to simulate the conduc- tance of semiconductor single-electron transistors at the solid-state level. The many-particle groundstate of the quantum dot, weakly connected to the drain and the source reservoir, is evaluated in a self-consistent manner including quantum-mechanical many-body interactions. A transfer-Hamiltonian approach is used to compute the tunneling rates for the coupling of the quantum dot levels to the macroscopic reservoirs on the basis of realistic barrier potentials. The simulator was applied to a GaAs/AlGaAs example structure. We discuss the conductance characteristic and the capacitances as well as the microscopic structure of the quantum dot.},
author = {Scholze, Andreas and Schenk, A and Fichtner, Wolfgang},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Scholze, Schenk, Fichtner - 2000 - Single-Electron Device Simulation.pdf:pdf},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices},
keywords = {Coulomb blockade,charge tunneling,numerical modeling,single-,single-electron transistors,transfer-Hamil- tonian formalism.},
mendeley-tags = {Coulomb blockade,charge tunneling,numerical modeling,single-,single-electron transistors,transfer-Hamil- tonian formalism.},
number = {10},
pages = {1811--1818},
title = {{Single-Electron Device Simulation}},
volume = {47},
year = {2000}
}
@article{Eng2015,
abstract = {Like modern microprocessors today, future processors of quantum information may be implemented using all-electrical control of silicon-based devices. A semiconductor spin qubit may be controlled without the use of magnetic fields by using three electrons in three tunnel-coupled quantum dots. Triple dots have previously been implemented in GaAs, but this material suffers from intrinsic nuclear magnetic noise. Reduction of this noise is possible by fabricating devices using isotopically purified silicon. We demonstrate universal coherent control of a triple-quantum-dot qubit implemented in an isotopically enhanced Si/SiGe heterostructure. Composite pulses are used to implement spin-echo type sequences, and differential charge sensing enables single-shot state readout. These experiments demonstrate sufficient control with sufficiently low noise to enable the long pulse sequences required for exchange-only two-qubit logic and randomized benchmarking.},
author = {Eng, K. and Ladd, T. D. and Smith, A. and Borselli, M. G. and Kiselev, A. A. and Fong, B. H. and Holabird, K. S. and Hazard, T. M. and Huang, B. and Deelman, P. W. and Milosavljevic, I. and Schmitz, A. E. and Ross, R. S. and Gyure, M. F. and Hunter, A. T.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1500214},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Eng et al. - 2015 - Isotopically enhanced triple-quantum-dot qubit.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {10.1126/sciadv.1500214},
issn = {2375-2548},
journal = {Science Adv.},
number = {4},
pages = {e1500214},
pmid = {26601186},
title = {{Isotopically enhanced triple-quantum-dot qubit}},
url = {http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/1/4/e1500214-0.abstract{\%}5Cnhttp://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1500214},
volume = {1},
year = {2015}
}
@phdthesis{Platt2008,
author = {Platt, Edward L},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Platt - 2008 - WKB Analysis of Tunnel Coupling in a Simple Model of a Double Quantum Dot by.pdf:pdf},
school = {University of Waterloo},
title = {{WKB Analysis of Tunnel Coupling in a Simple Model of a Double Quantum Dot by}},
type = {Master's thesis},
year = {2008}
}
@article{Foletti2010,
abstract = {One fundamental requirement for quantum computation is to perform universal manipulations of quantum bits at rates much faster than the qubit's rate of decoherence. Recently, fast gate operations have been demonstrated in logical spin qubits composed of two electron spins where the rapid exchange of the two electrons permits electrically controllable rotations around one axis of the qubit. However, universal control of the qubit requires arbitrary rotations around at least two axes. Here we show that by subjecting each electron spin to a magnetic field of different magnitude we achieve full quantum control of the two-electron logical spin qubit with nanosecond operation times. Using a single device, a magnetic field gradient of several hundred milliTesla is generated and sustained using dynamic nuclear polarization of the underlying Ga and As nuclei. Universal control of the two-electron qubit is then demonstrated using quantum state tomography. The presented technique provides the basis for single and potentially multiple qubit operations with gate times that approach the threshold required for quantum error correction.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1009.5343},
author = {Foletti, Sandra and Bluhm, Hendrik and Mahalu, Diana and Umansky, Vladimir and Yacoby, Amir},
doi = {10.1038/nphys1424},
eprint = {1009.5343},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Foletti et al. - 2010 - Universal quantum control of two-electron spin quantum bits using dynamic nuclear polarization.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1745-2473},
issn = {1745-2473},
journal = {Nature Physics},
number = {12},
pages = {11},
pmid = {273086700019},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
title = {{Universal quantum control of two-electron spin quantum bits using dynamic nuclear polarization}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.5343},
volume = {5},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Griffiths2005,
abstract = {These are my own solutions to the problems in Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd ed. I have made every effort to insure that they are clear and correct, but errors are bound to occur, and for this I apologize in advance. I would like to thank the many people who pointed out mistakes in the solution manual for the first edition, and encourage anyone who finds defects in this one to alert me (griffith@reed.edu). I'll maintain a list of errata on my web page (http://academic.reed.edu/physics/faculty/griffiths.html), and incorporate corrections in the manual itself from time to time. I also thank my students at Reed and at Smith for many useful suggestions, and above all Neelaksh Sadhoo, who did most of the typesetting. At the end of the manual there is a grid that correlates the problem numbers in the second edition with those in the first edition.},
author = {Griffiths, David},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Griffiths - 2005 - Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Solutions Manual.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0131118927},
journal = {Quantum},
pages = {303},
pmid = {6183177},
title = {{Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, Solutions Manual}},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Clerc,
author = {Clerc, R. and Ghibaudo, G. and Pananakakis, G.},
doi = {10.1109/ESSDERC.2003.1256913},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Clerc, Ghibaudo, Pananakakis - Unknown - Analytical model for quantum well to quantum dot tunneling.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0-7803-7999-3},
journal = {Electrical Performance of Electrical Packaging (IEEE Cat. No. 03TH8710)},
pages = {461--464},
title = {{Analytical model for quantum well to quantum dot tunneling}}
}
@article{Shor1995,
abstract = {A digital computer is generally believed to be an efficient universal computing device; that is, it is believed able to simulate any physical computing device with an increase in computation time of at most a polynomial factor. This may not be true when quantum mechanics is taken into consideration. This paper considers factoring integers and finding discrete logarithms, two problems which are generally thought to be hard on a classical computer and have been used as the basis of several proposed cryptosystems. Efficient randomized algorithms are given for these two problems on a hypothetical quantum computer. These algorithms take a number of steps polynomial in the input size, e.g., the number of digits of the integer to be factored.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {quant-ph/9508027},
author = {Shor, Peter W.},
doi = {10.1137/S0097539795293172},
eprint = {9508027},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Shor - 1995 - Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0097539795293},
issn = {0097-5397},
journal = {SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing},
keywords = {algorithmic number theory,church,discrete logarithms,foundations of quantum mechanics,prime factorization,quantum computers,s thesis,spin systems},
number = {1484},
pages = {28},
primaryClass = {quant-ph},
title = {{Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer}},
volume = {26},
year = {1995}
}
@article{VanWeperen2011,
abstract = {We report coherent operation of a singlet-triplet qubit controlled by the spatial arrangement of two confined electrons in an adjacent double quantum dot that is electrostatically coupled to the qubit. This four-dot system is the specific device geometry needed for two-qubit operations of a two-electron spin qubit. We extract the strength of the capacitive coupling between qubit and adjacent double quantum dot and show that the present geometry allows fast conditional gate operation, opening pathways toward implementation of a universal set of gates for singlet-triplet spin qubits.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1101.5654},
author = {{Van Weperen}, I. and Armstrong, B. D. and Laird, E. A. and Medford, J. and Marcus, C. M. and Hanson, M. P. and Gossard, A. C.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.030506},
eprint = {1101.5654},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Van Weperen et al. - 2011 - Charge-state conditional operation of a spin qubit.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1079-7114 (Electronic)$\backslash$r0031-9007 (Linking)},
issn = {00319007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {3},
pages = {1--4},
pmid = {21838342},
title = {{Charge-state conditional operation of a spin qubit}},
volume = {107},
year = {2011}
}
@article{Rossi2016,
abstract = {Sensitive charge detection has enabled reliable charge and spin qubit readout in solid-state systems. Recently, an alternative to the well-established charge detection via on-chip electrometers has emerged, based on in situ gate detectors and radio-frequency dispersive readout techniques. This approach promises to facilitate scalability by removing the need for additional device components devoted to sensing. Here, we perform gate-based dispersive readout of an accumulation-mode silicon quantum dot. We observe that the sensitivity of an accumulation-mode gate detector is significantly affected by its bias voltage, particularly if this exceeds the threshold for electron accumulation. We discuss these results in light of the competing capacitive contributions to the dispersive response, and propose a device layout to enable gate-based readout for scaled-up arrays of accumulation-mode quantum dots.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1610.00767},
author = {Rossi, A. and Zhao, R. and Dzurak, A. S. and Gonzalez-Zalba, M. F.},
eprint = {1610.00767},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rossi et al. - 2016 - Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum dot with accumulation-mode gate sensor.pdf:pdf},
number = {c},
pages = {1--6},
title = {{Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum dot with accumulation-mode gate sensor}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.00767},
volume = {1},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Yang2014,
abstract = {Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) play an important role in many-body systems. However, investigating the QPT physics in a conventional condensed matter setup is limited by inadequacy in experimental control. Artificial atoms, such as superconducting qubits that can be individually manipulated, provide a new paradigm of realizing and exploring QPTs by building an on-chip quantum simulator. Here we demonstrate an experiment of simulating the quantum critical behaviour in a highly-controllable solid-state circuit, consisting of four qubits weakly coupled to a common resonator mode. By off-resonantly driving the system to renormalize the critical spin-field coupling strength, we have observed the normal-to-superradiant QPT, in excellent agreement with the driven Tavis-Cummings theory. Our achievement of a QPT with a low spin-field coupling offers new experimental approaches towards exploring QPT related science in the thermodynamic limit, such as scaling behaviour, parity breaking and long-range quantum correlations.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1406.1436},
author = {Yang, W. L. and Zhong, Y. P. and Liu, T. and Twamley, J. and Wang, H. and Feng, M.},
doi = {10.1038/ncomms8111},
eprint = {1406.1436},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Yang et al. - 2014 - Simulating the quantum critical behaviour in a driven Tavis-Cummings circuit.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {2041-1723 (Electronic)
2041-1723 (Linking)},
issn = {2041-1723},
journal = {Nature Communications},
number = {May 2014},
pages = {10},
pmid = {25971985},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
title = {{Simulating the quantum critical behaviour in a driven Tavis-Cummings circuit}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.1436},
volume = {6},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Crippa2017a,
author = {Crippa, Alessandro and Maurand, Romain and Kotekar-Patil, Dharmraj and Corna, Andrea and Bohuslavskyi, Heorhii and Orlov, Alexei O. and Fay, Patrick and Lavi{\'{e}}ville, Romain and Barraud, Sylvain and Vinet, Maud and Sanquer, Marc and {De Franceschi}, Silvano and Jehl, Xavier},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Crippa et al. - 2017 - Level Spectrum and Charge Relaxation in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot Probed by Dual-Gate Reflectometry.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1530-6984},
journal = {Nano Letters},
pages = {acs.nanolett.6b04354},
title = {{Level Spectrum and Charge Relaxation in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot Probed by Dual-Gate Reflectometry}},
url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354},
year = {2017}
}
@article{Reilly2007,
abstract = {We report high-bandwidth charge sensing measurements using a GaAs quantum point contact embedded in a radio frequency impedance matching circuit (rf-QPC). With the rf-QPC biased near pinch-off where it is most sensitive to charge, we demonstrate a conductance sensitivity of 5x10{\^{}}(-6) e{\^{}}(2)/h Hz{\^{}}(-1/2) with a bandwidth of 8 MHz. Single-shot readout of a proximal few-electron double quantum dot is investigated in a mode where the rf-QPC back-action is rapidly switched.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {0707.2946},
author = {Reilly, D. J. and Marcus, C. M. and Hanson, M. P. and Gossard, A. C.},
doi = {10.1063/1.2794995},
eprint = {0707.2946},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Reilly et al. - 2007 - Fast single-charge sensing with a rf quantum point contact.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0003-6951},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {16},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Fast single-charge sensing with a rf quantum point contact}},
volume = {91},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Rastelli2012,
abstract = {Despite quantum tunneling has been studied since the advent of quantum mechanics, the literature appears to contain no simple (textbook) formula for tunneling in generic asymmetric double-well potentials. In the regime of strong localization, we derive an succinct analytical formula based on the WKB semi-classical approach. Two different examples of asymmetric potentials are discussed: when the two localized levels are degenerate or not. For the first case, we also discuss a time-dependent problem showing quantum Zeno effect.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1205.0366v3},
author = {Rastelli, G.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.86.012106},
eprint = {arXiv:1205.0366v3},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rastelli - 2012 - Semiclassical formula for quantum tunneling in asymmetric double-well potentials.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1050-2947$\backslash$r1094-1622},
issn = {10502947},
journal = {Physical Review A},
number = {1},
pages = {1--9},
title = {{Semiclassical formula for quantum tunneling in asymmetric double-well potentials}},
volume = {86},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Garg2000,
abstract = {The WKB and instanton answers for the tunnel splitting of the ground state in a symmetric double well potential are both reduced to an expression involving only the functionals of the potential, without the need for solving any auxilliary problems. This formula is applied to simple model problems. The prefactor for the splitting in the text book by Landau and Lifshitz is amended so as to apply to the ground and low lying excited states.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {cond-mat/0003115},
author = {Garg, Anupam},
doi = {10.1119/1.19458},
eprint = {0003115},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Garg - 2000 - Tunnel splittings for one dimensional potential wells revisited.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0002-9505},
issn = {00029505},
journal = {American Journal of Physics},
number = {430},
pages = {430},
primaryClass = {cond-mat},
title = {{Tunnel splittings for one dimensional potential wells revisited}},
volume = {68},
year = {2000}
}
@article{Crippa2016,
abstract = {We report on dual-gate reflectometry in a metal-oxide-semiconductor double-gate silicon transistor operating at low temperature as a double quantum dot device. The reflectometry setup consists of two radio-frequency resonators respectively connected to the two gate electrodes. By simultaneously measuring their dispersive response, we obtain the complete charge stability diagram of the device. Charge transitions between the two quantum dots and between each quantum dot and either the source or the drain contact are detected through phase shifts in the reflected radio-frequency signals. At finite bias, reflectometry allows probing charge transitions to excited quantum-dot states thereby enabling direct access to the energy level spectra of the quantum dots. Interestingly, we find that in the presence of charge transport across the two dots the reflectometry signatures of interdot transitions display a dip-peak structure containing quantitative information on the charge relaxation rates in the double quantum dot.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1610.03657},
author = {Crippa, Alessandro and Maurand, Romain and Kotekar-Patil, Dharmraj and Corna, Andrea and Bohuslavskyi, Heorhii and Orlov, Alexei O. and Fay, Patrick and Lavi{\'{e}}ville, Romain and Barraud, Silvain and Vinet, Maud and Sanquer, Marc and {De Franceschi}, Silvano and Jehl, Xavier},
doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354},
eprint = {1610.03657},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Crippa et al. - 2016 - Level spectrum and charge relaxation in a silicon double quantum dot probed by dual-gate reflectometry.pdf:pdf},
journal = {arXiv},
keywords = {charge relaxation,dispersive readout,double,high-frequency res-,quantum dot,reflectometry},
pages = {1--7},
title = {{Level spectrum and charge relaxation in a silicon double quantum dot probed by dual-gate reflectometry}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.03657},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Mi2016,
abstract = {Silicon is vital to the computing industry due to the high quality of its native oxide and well-established doping technologies. Isotopic purification, and the resulting seconds-long quantum coherence times, have recently put Si at the forefront of efforts to create a solid state quantum processor. Here we demonstrate strong coupling of a single electron in a silicon double quantum dot to the photonic field of a microwave cavity, as shown by the observation of vacuum Rabi splitting. Strong coupling of a quantum dot electron to a cavity photon would allow for long-range qubit coupling, and the long-range entanglement of electrons in semiconductor quantum dots.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1703.03047},
author = {Mi, X and Mi, X and Cady, J V and Zajac, D M and Deelman, P W and Petta, J R},
doi = {10.1126/science.aal2469},
eprint = {1703.03047},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Mi et al. - 2016 - Strong coupling of a single electron in silicon to a microwave photon.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1095-9203 (Electronic)
0036-8075 (Linking)},
issn = {0036-8075},
journal = {Science},
pmid = {28008085},
title = {{Strong coupling of a single electron in silicon to a microwave photon}},
url = {http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/12/21/science.aal2469},
volume = {2469},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Bardeen1961,
abstract = {{{10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.57{\}}, url = {\{}{\}} {\}}},
author = {Bardeen, J.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.57},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bardeen - 1961 - Tunnelling from a many-particle point of view.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0031-9007},
issn = {00319007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {2},
pages = {57--59},
title = {{Tunnelling from a many-particle point of view}},
volume = {6},
year = {1961}
}
@book{cormen2001,
author = {Cormen, T H and Leiserson, C E and Rivest, R L and Stein, C},
isbn = {9780262032933},
pages = {595--601},
publisher = {MIT Press},
title = {{Introduction To Algorithms}},
year = {2001}
}
@article{Hornibrook2014,
abstract = {We demonstrate a low loss, chip-level frequency multiplexing scheme for readout of scaled-up spin qubit devices. By integrating separate bias tees and resonator circuits on-chip for each readout channel, we realize dispersive gate-sensing in combination with charge detection based on two rf quantum point contacts (rf-QPCs). We apply this approach to perform multiplexed readout of a double quantum dot in the few-electron regime, and further demonstrate operation of a 10-channel multiplexing device. Limitations for scaling spin qubit readout to large numbers of multiplexed channels is discussed.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1312.5064},
author = {Hornibrook, J. M. and Colless, J. I. and Mahoney, A. C. and Croot, X. G. and Blanvillain, S. and Lu, H. and Gossard, A. C. and Reilly, D. J.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4868107},
eprint = {1312.5064},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hornibrook et al. - 2014 - Frequency multiplexing for readout of spin qubits.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {10},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Frequency multiplexing for readout of spin qubits}},
volume = {104},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Takakura2014,
abstract = {We prepare a gate-defined quadruple quantum dot to study the gate-tunability of single to quadruple quantum dots with finite inter-dot tunnel couplings. The measured charging energies of various double dots suggest that the dot size is governed by the gate geometry. For the triple and quadruple dots, we study the gate-tunable inter-dot tunnel couplings. For the triple dot, we find that the effective tunnel coupling between side dots significantly depends on the alignment of the center dot potential. These results imply that the present quadruple dot has a gate performance relevant for implementing spin-based four-qubits with controllable exchange couplings.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1401.2212},
author = {Takakura, T. and Noiri, A. and Obata, T. and Otsuka, T. and Yoneda, J. and Yoshida, K. and Tarucha, S.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4869108},
eprint = {1401.2212},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Takakura et al. - 2014 - Single to quadruple quantum dots with tunable tunnel couplings.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1731081731},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {11},
title = {{Single to quadruple quantum dots with tunable tunnel couplings}},
volume = {104},
year = {2014}
}
@phdthesis{Cerfontaine2013,
abstract = {High fidelity gate operations for manipulating individual and multiple qubits in the presence of decoherence are a prerequisite for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. However, the control methods used in earlier experiments on semiconductor two-electron spin qubits are based on unrealistic approximations which preclude reaching the required fi- delities. An attractive remedy is to use control pulses found in numer- ical simulations that minimize the infidelity from decoherence and take the experimentally important imperfections and constraints into account. Using this approach and experimentally determined noise spectra, I find pulses for singlet-triplet qubits in GaAs double quantum dots with fi- delities as high as 99.9{\%}. Fully eliminating systematic pulse errors will likely require a calibration of the pulses on the experiment using some form of self-consistent approach. Starting with inaccurate control pulses I numerically show that elimination of individual systematic gate errors is possible by applying a modification of the bootstrap protocol proposed by Dobrovitski et al. [1] while still retaining the pulses' high fidelities},
author = {Cerfontaine, Pascal},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cerfontaine - 2013 - High-Fidelity Qubit Gates for Two-Electron Spin Qubits.pdf:pdf},
number = {September},
school = {RWTH Aachen},
title = {{High-Fidelity Qubit Gates for Two-Electron Spin Qubits}},
type = {Master's thesis},
year = {2013}
}
@book{GerryChristopherC.LehmanCollege2005,
address = {Cambridge},
author = {{Gerry, Christopher C. (Lehman College}, City University of New York and Peter) and Knight, Peter L. (Imperial College London and UK National Physical Laboratory)},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Gerry, Christopher C. (Lehman College, Peter), Knight - 2005 - Introductery Quantum Optics.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {9780521820356},
publisher = {cambridge Univers},
title = {{Introductery Quantum Optics}},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Taylor2005,
abstract = {Information processing using quantum systems provides new paradigms for computation and communication and may yield insights into our understanding of the limits of quantum mechanics. However, realistic systems are never perfectly isolated from their environment, hence all quantum operations are subject to errors. Realization of a physical system for processing of quantum information that is tolerant of errors is a fundamental problem in quantum science and engineering. Here, we develop an architecture for quantum computation using electrically controlled semiconductor spins by extending the Loss–DiVincenzo scheme and by combining actively protected quantum memory and long-distance coupling mechanisms. Our approach is based on a demonstrated encoding of qubits in long-lived two-electron states, which immunizes qubits against the dominant error from hyperfine interactions. We develop a universal set of quantum gates compatible with active error suppression for these encoded qubits and an effective long-range interaction between the qubits by controlled electron transport. This approach yields a scalable architecture with favourable error thresholds for fault-tolerant operation, consistent with present experimental parameters.},
author = {Taylor, J.M. and Engel, H.-A. and D{\"{u}}r, W. and Yacoby, A. and Marcus, C.M. and Zoller, P. and Lukin, M.D.},
doi = {10.1038/nphys174},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Taylor et al. - 2005 - Fault-tolerant architecture for quantum computation using electrically controlled semiconductor spins.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1745-2473},
issn = {1476-0000},
journal = {Nature Physics},
number = {3},
pages = {177--183},
title = {{Fault-tolerant architecture for quantum computation using electrically controlled semiconductor spins}},
url = {http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v1/n3/pdf/nphys174.pdf{\%}5Cnhttp://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v1/n3/pdf/nphys174.pdf},
volume = {1},
year = {2005}
}
@misc{Bluhm2015,
address = {Aachen},
author = {Bluhm, H.},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bluhm - 2015 - Introduction to Quantum Information, Qubits and Decoherence.pdf:pdf},
institution = {RWTH Aachen},
title = {{Introduction to Quantum Information, Qubits and Decoherence}},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Hanson2007,
abstract = {This review describes the physics of spins in quantum dots containing one or two electrons, from an experimentalist's viewpoint. Various methods for extracting spin properties from experiment are presented, restricted exclusively to electrical measurements. Furthermore, experimental techniques are discussed that allow for: (1) the rotation of an electron spin into a superposition of up and down, (2) the measurement of the quantum state of an individual spin and (3) the control of the interaction between two neighbouring spins by the Heisenberg exchange interaction. Finally, the physics of the relevant relaxation and dephasing mechanisms is reviewed and experimental results are compared with theories for spin-orbit and hyperfine interactions. All these subjects are directly relevant for the fields of quantum information processing and spintronics with single spins (i.e. single-spintronics).},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {cond-mat/0610433},
author = {Hanson, R. and Kouwenhoven, L. P. and Petta, J. R. and Tarucha, S. and Vandersypen, L. M. K.},
doi = {10.1103/RevModPhys.79.1217},
eprint = {0610433},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hanson et al. - 2007 - Spins in few-electron quantum dots.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0034-6861},
issn = {00346861},
journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
number = {4},
pages = {1217--1265},
pmid = {1915043},
primaryClass = {cond-mat},
title = {{Spins in few-electron quantum dots}},
volume = {79},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Feynman1957,
abstract = {A simple, rigorous geometrical representation for the Schr{\"{o}}dinger equation is developed to describe the behavior of an ensemble of two quantum‐level, noninteracting systems which are under the influence of a perturbation. In this case the Schr{\"{o}}dinger equation may be written, after a suitable transformation, in the form of the real three‐dimensional vector equation dr∕dt=$\omega$×r, where the components of the vector r uniquely determine $\psi$ of a given system and the components of $\omega$ represent the perturbation. When magnetic interaction with a spin ☒ system is under consideration, ``r'' space reduces to physical space. By analogy the techniques developed for analyzing the magnetic resonance precession model can be adapted for use in any two‐level problems. The quantum‐mechanical behavior of the state of a system under various different conditions is easily visualized by simply observing how r varies under the action of different types of $\omega$. Such a picture can be used to advantage in analyzing various MASER‐type devices such as amplifiers and oscillators. In the two illustrative examples given (the beam‐type MASER and radiation damping) the application of the picture in determining the effect of the perturbing field on the molecules is shown and its interpretation for use in the complex Maxwell's equations to determine the reaction of the molecules back on the field is given. {\textcopyright} 1957 The American Institute of Physics},
author = {Feynman, Richard P. and Vernon, Frank L. and Hellwarth, Robert W.},
doi = {10.1063/1.1722572},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Downloads/1{\%}2E1722572.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00218979},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
number = {1},
pages = {49--52},
title = {{Geometrical Representation of the Schroedinger Equation for Solving Maser Problems}},
volume = {28},
year = {1957}
}
@article{Skawran2013b,
abstract = {Disorders in heterostructures disturb the development of electrostatically defined quantum dots for quantum computing. This thesis examines the effects of alloy and delta doping disorders in SiGe and GaAs heterostructures on the potential in a 2DEG. I research an algorithm to set up a gate with voltages to create an electrostatic potential for a well operating qubit. The influence and magnitude of disorders created by a doping layer and alloy disorder are discussed for SiGe and GaAs heterostructures.},
author = {Skawran, Alexander},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Skawran - 2013 - Effects of disorder on quantum dot qubits.pdf:pdf},
number = {December},
title = {{Effects of disorder on quantum dot qubits}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Cerfontaine2014,
abstract = {Single-qubit operations on singlet-triplet qubits in GaAs double quantum dots have not yet reached the fidelities required for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. Considering experimentally im- portant constraints and using measured noise spectra, we numerically minimize the effect of decoherence (including high-frequency 1=f-like noise) and show, theoretically, that quantum gates with fidelities higher than 99.9{\%} are achievable. We also present a self-consistent tuning protocol which should allow the elimination of individual systematic gate errors directly in an experiment.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1404.1712v1},
author = {Cerfontaine, Pascal and Botzem, Tim and DiVincenzo, David P. and Bluhm, H.},
doi = {to be submitted},
eprint = {arXiv:1404.1712v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cerfontaine et al. - 2014 - High-Fidelity Single-Qubit Gates for Two-Electron Spin Qubits in GaAs.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0031-9007},
issn = {0031-9007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {15},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{High-Fidelity Single-Qubit Gates for Two-Electron Spin Qubits in GaAs}},
volume = {113},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Dial2013,
abstract = {Two level systems that can be reliably controlled and measured hold promise as qubits both for metrology and for quantum information science. Since a fluctuating environment limits the performance of qubits in both capacities, understanding environmental coupling and dynamics is key to improving qubit performance. We show measurements of the level splitting and dephasing due to the voltage noise of a GaAs singlet-triplet qubit during exchange oscillations. Unexpectedly, the voltage fluctuations are non-Markovian even at high frequencies and exhibit a strong temperature dependence. This finding has impacts beyond singlet-triplet qubits since nearly all solid state qubits suffer from some kind of charge noise. The magnitude of the fluctuations allows the qubit to be used as a charge sensor with a sensitivity of 2×10-8e/√Hz, 2 orders of magnitude better than a quantum-limited rf single electron transistor. Based on these measurements, we provide recommendations for improving qubit coherence, allowing for higher fidelity operations and improved charge sensitivity.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1208.2023v1},
author = {Dial, O. E. and Shulman, M. D. and Harvey, S. P. and Bluhm, H. and Umansky, Vladimir and Yacoby, A.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.146804},
eprint = {arXiv:1208.2023v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dial et al. - 2013 - Charge noise spectroscopy using coherent exchange oscillations in a singlet-triplet qubit.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0031-9007$\backslash$n1079-7114},
issn = {00319007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {14},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Charge noise spectroscopy using coherent exchange oscillations in a singlet-triplet qubit}},
volume = {110},
year = {2013}
}
@book{landau2013quantum,
author = {Landau, L. D. and Lifshitz, E. M.},
isbn = {9781483187228},
publisher = {Elsevier Science},
series = {A shorter course of theoretical physics},
title = {{Quantum Mechanics: A Shorter Course of Theoretical Physics}},
year = {2013}
}
@book{Cohen2007,
author = {Cohen-Tannoudji, C. and Diu, B. and Lalo{\"{e}}, F.},
isbn = {9783110193244},
number = {1},
publisher = {de Gruyter},
series = {Quantenmechanik},
title = {{Quantenmechanik}},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Frees,
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1409.3846v1},
author = {Frees, Adam and Gamble, John King and Ward, Daniel R and Eriksson, M a and Friesen, Mark and Coppersmith, S N},
eprint = {arXiv:1409.3846v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Frees et al. - 2014 - Compressed optimization of device architectures.pdf:pdf},
pages = {1--8},
title = {{Compressed optimization of device architectures}}
}
@misc{fitsuite2014,
abstract = {Fit Suite},
author = {Cerfontaine, Pascal and Bethke, Patrick},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Cerfontaine, Bethke - 2014 - fit{\_}suite.m:m},
title = {fit{\_}suite},
url = {//janeway.institut2b.physik.rwth-aachen.de/User Ag Bluhm/Common/GaAs/Code/+util/fit{\_}suite.m},
year = {2014}
}
@article{If,
author = {If, E and Green, O D E},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/If, Green - Unknown - Inhomogeneous PDE.pdf:pdf},
pages = {1--5},
title = {{Inhomogeneous PDE}}
}
@misc{Frees2014,
abstract = {Recent advances in nanotechnology have enabled researchers to control individual quan- tum mechanical objects with unprecedented accuracy, opening the door for both quantum1–8 and extreme-scale conventional computing applications9. As these devices become larger and more complex, the ability to design them for simple control becomes a daunting and computationally infeasible task10. Here, moti- vated by ideas from compressed sensing11,12, we introduce a protocol for Compressed Optimiza- tion of Device Architectures (CODA). It leads naturally to a metric for benchmarking device performance and optimizing device designs, and provides a scheme for automating the control of gate operations and reducing their complexity. Because CODA is both experimentally and computationally efficient, it is readily exten- sible to large systems. We demonstrate the CODA benchmarking and optimization protocols through simulations of up to eight quantum dots in devices that are currently being developed experimentally for quantum computation.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1409.3846v1},
author = {Frees, Adam and Gamble, John King and Ward, Daniel R and Eriksson, M a and Friesen, Mark and Coppersmith, S N},
eprint = {1409.3846v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Frees et al. - 2014 - Compressed optimization of device architectures.pdf:pdf},
number = {September},
pages = {1--8},
title = {{Compressed optimization of device architectures}},
year = {2014}
}
@article{Scarlino2015,
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1504.06436v1},
author = {Scarlino, P. and Kawakami, E. and Ward, D. R. and Savage, D. E. and Lagally, M. G. and Coppersmith, S. N. and Eriksson, M. A. and Vandersypen, L. M. K.},
eprint = {arXiv:1504.06436v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Scarlino et al. - 2015 - Second harmonic coherent driving of a spin qubit in a SiSiGe quantum dot.pdf:pdf},
pages = {1--9},
title = {{Second harmonic coherent driving of a spin qubit in a Si/SiGe quantum dot}},
year = {2015}
}
@article{Klemt2015,
author = {Klemt, Berhnhard},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Klemt - 2015 - Fabrication and characterization of a Si-interposer chip for Qubit experiments.pdf:pdf},
title = {{Fabrication and characterization of a Si-interposer chip for Qubit experiments}},
year = {2015}
}
@misc{Johnson2002,
author = {Johnson, Richard},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Johnson - 2002 - MATLAB Programming Style Guidelines.pdf:pdf},
number = {October},
pages = {1--14},
title = {{MATLAB Programming Style Guidelines}},
url = {http://www.ee.columbia.edu/{~}marios/matlab/MatlabStyle1p5.pdf},
year = {2002}
}
@article{Loss1998,
abstract = {We propose a new implementation of a universal set of one- and two-qubit gates for quantum computation using the spin states of coupled single-electron quantum dots. Desired operations are effected by the gating of the tunneling barrier between neighboring dots. Several measures of the gate quality are computed within a newly derived spin master equation incorporating decoherence caused by a prototypical magnetic environment. Dot-array experiments which would provide an initial demonstration of the desired non-equilibrium spin dynamics are proposed.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {cond-mat/9701055},
author = {Loss, Daniel and DiVincenzo, David P.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.57.120},
eprint = {9701055},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Loss, DiVincenzo - 1998 - Quantum computation with quantum dots.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1050-2947},
issn = {1050-2947},
journal = {Physical Review A},
number = {1},
pages = {120--126},
primaryClass = {cond-mat},
title = {{Quantum computation with quantum dots}},
volume = {57},
year = {1998}
}
@article{Shulman2012,
abstract = {Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain problems faster than classical computers. To exploit their power, it is necessary to perform interqubit operations and generate entangled states. Spin qubits are a promising candidate for implementing a quantum processor because of their potential for scalability and miniaturization. However, their weak interactions with the environment, which lead to their long coherence times, make interqubit operations challenging. We performed a controlled two-qubit operation between singlet-triplet qubits using a dynamically decoupled sequence that maintains the two-qubit coupling while decoupling each qubit from its fluctuating environment. Using state tomography, we measured the full density matrix of the system and determined the concurrence and the fidelity of the generated state, providing proof of entanglement.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1202.1828},
author = {Shulman, M. D. and Dial, O. E. and Harvey, S. P. and Bluhm, H. and Umansky, V. and Yacoby, a.},
doi = {10.1126/science.1217692},
eprint = {1202.1828},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Shulman et al. - 2012 - Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Singlet-Triplet Qubits.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1095-9203 (Electronic)$\backslash$n0036-8075 (Linking)},
issn = {0036-8075},
journal = {Science},
number = {6078},
pages = {202--205},
pmid = {22499942},
title = {{Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Singlet-Triplet Qubits}},
volume = {336},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Wallraff2004,
annote = {10.1038/nature02851},
author = {Wallraff, A and Schuster, D I and Blais, A and Frunzio, L and Huang, R.- S and Majer, J and Kumar, S and Girvin, S M and Schoelkopf, R J},
issn = {0028-0836},
journal = {Nature},
month = {sep},
number = {7005},
pages = {162--167},
title = {{Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics}},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02851},
volume = {431},
year = {2004}
}
@article{Botzem2016,
author = {Botzem, Tim},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Botzem - 2016 - Feedback-tuned high fidelity gate operations , anisotropy effects on decoherence and electric dipole spin resonance in t.pdf:pdf},
title = {{Feedback-tuned high fidelity gate operations , anisotropy effects on decoherence and electric dipole spin resonance in two-electron spin qubits in GaAs}},
year = {2016}
}
@book{griffiths2013,
author = {Griffiths, D. J.},
edition = {2},
isbn = {9781292024080},
publisher = {Pearson},
series = {Pearson Custom Library},
title = {{Introduction to Quantum Mechanics}},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Petta2005,
abstract = {We demonstrated coherent control of a quantum two-level system based on two-electron spin states in a double quantum dot, allowing state preparation, coherent manipulation, and projective readout. These techniques are based on rapid electrical control of the exchange interaction. Separating and later recombining a singlet spin state provided a measurement of the spin dephasing time, T2*, of approximately 10 nanoseconds, limited by hyperfine interactions with the gallium arsenide host nuclei. Rabi oscillations of two-electron spin states were demonstrated, and spin-echo pulse sequences were used to suppress hyperfine-induced dephasing. Using these quantum control techniques, a coherence time for two-electron spin states exceeding 1 microsecond was observed.},
author = {Petta, J. R. and Johnson, A. C. and Taylor, J. M. and Laird, E. A. and Yacoby, A. and Lukin, M. D. and Marcus, C M and Hanson, M P and Gossard, a C},
doi = {10.1126/science.1116955},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Petta et al. - 2005 - Coherent manipulation of coupled electron spins in semiconductor quantum dots.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0036-8075},
issn = {1095-9203},
journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
number = {5744},
pages = {2180--2184},
pmid = {16141370},
title = {{Coherent manipulation of coupled electron spins in semiconductor quantum dots.}},
volume = {309},
year = {2005}
}
@article{Song2008,
abstract = {An asymmetric double-well potential is considered, assuming that the minima of the wells are quadratic with a frequency ?? and the difference of the minima is close to a multiple of ??? ??. A WKB wave function is constructed on both sides of the local maximum between the wells, by matching the WKB function to the exact wave functions near the classical turning points. The continuities of the wave function and its first derivative at the local maximum then give the energy-level splitting formula, which not only reproduces the instanton result for a symmetric potential, but also elucidates the appearance of resonances of tunneling in the asymmetric potential. ?? 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {0803.3113},
author = {Song, Dae Y.},
doi = {10.1016/j.aop.2008.09.004},
eprint = {0803.3113},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Song - 2008 - Tunneling and energy splitting in an asymmetric double-well potential.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00034916},
journal = {Annals of Physics},
keywords = {Double-well potential,Energy splitting,Quantum tunneling},
number = {12},
pages = {2991--2999},
title = {{Tunneling and energy splitting in an asymmetric double-well potential}},
volume = {323},
year = {2008}
}
@book{weinstock2012squid,
author = {Weinstock, H},
isbn = {9789401156745},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
series = {Nato Science Series E:},
title = {{SQUID Sensors: Fundamentals, Fabrication and Applications}},
url = {https://books.google.de/books?id=LeHuCAAAQBAJ},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Baart2016a,
abstract = {Coherent interactions at a distance provide a powerful tool for quantum simulation and computation. The most common approach to realize an effective long-distance coupling 'on-chip' is to use a quantum mediator, as has been demonstrated for superconducting qubits and trapped ions. For quantum dot arrays, which combine a high degree of tunability with extremely long coherence times, the experimental demonstration of coherent spin-spin coupling via an intermediary system remains an important outstanding goal. Here, we use a linear triple-quantum-dot array to demonstrate a first working example of a coherent interaction between two distant spins via a quantum mediator. The two outer dots are occupied with a single electron spin each and the spins experience a superexchange interaction through the empty middle dot which acts as mediator. Using single-shot spin read-out we measure the coherent time evolution of the spin states on the outer dots and observe a characteristic dependence of the exchange frequency as a function of the detuning between the middle and outer dots. This approach may provide a new route for scaling up spin qubit circuits using quantum dots and aid in the simulation of materials and molecules with non-nearest neighbour couplings such as MnO, high-temperature superconductors and DNA. The same superexchange concept can also be applied in cold atom experiments.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1603.03433},
author = {Baart, T.A. and Fujita, T. and Reichl, C. and Wegscheider, W. and Vandersypen, L. M. K.},
doi = {10.1038/nnano.2016.188},
eprint = {1603.03433},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Baart et al. - 2016 - Coherent spin-exchange via a quantum mediator.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1748-3395 (Electronic) 1748-3387 (Linking)},
issn = {1748-3387},
journal = {Nature Nanotechnology},
number = {October},
pages = {1--23},
pmid = {27723732},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
title = {{Coherent spin-exchange via a quantum mediator}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.03433},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Bluhm2011,
abstract = {Qubits, the quantum mechanical bits required for quantum computing, must retain their fragile quantum states over long periods of time. In many types of electron spin qubits, the primary source of decoherence is the interaction between the electron spins and nuclear spins of the host lattice. For electrons in gate defined GaAs quantum dots, previous spin echo measurements have revealed coherence times of about 1 {\$}\backslashmu{\$}s at low magnetic fields below 100 mT. Here, we show that coherence in such devices can actually survive to much longer times, and provide a detailed understanding of the measured nuclear spin induced decoherence. At fields above a few hundred millitesla, the coherence time measured using a single-pulse spin echo extends to 30 {\$}\backslashmu{\$}s. At lower magnetic fields, the echo first collapses, but then revives at later times given by the period of the relative Larmor precession of different nuclear species. This behavior was recently predicted, and as we show can be quantitatively accounted for by a semi-classical model for the electron spin dynamics in the presence of a nuclear spin bath. Using a multiple-pulse Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill echo sequence, the decoherence time can be extended to more than 200 {\$}\backslashmu{\$}s, which represents an improvement by two orders of magnitude compared to previous measurements. This demonstration of effective methods to mitigate nuclear spin induced decoherence puts the quantum error correction threshold within reach.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1005.2995},
author = {Bluhm, Hendrik and Foletti, Sandra and Neder, Izhar and Rudner, Mark and Mahalu, Diana and Umansky, Vladimir and Yacoby, Amir},
doi = {10.1038/nphys1856},
eprint = {1005.2995},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bluhm et al. - 2011 - Dephasing time of GaAs electron-spin qubits coupled to a nuclear bath exceeding 200$\mu$s.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1745-2473},
issn = {1745-2473},
journal = {Nat Phys},
number = {2},
pages = {109--113},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
title = {{Dephasing time of GaAs electron-spin qubits coupled to a nuclear bath exceeding 200$\mu$s}},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1856{\%}5Cnhttp://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v7/n2/abs/nphys1856.html{\#}supplementary-information{\%}5Cnhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1005.2995},
volume = {7},
year = {2011}
}
@misc{Wessel2011,
address = {Aachen},
author = {Wessel, Stefan},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wessel - 2011 - Computational Physics.pdf:pdf},
title = {{Computational Physics}},
year = {2011}
}
@phdthesis{Humpohl2014,
abstract = {This thesis is a manual and documentation for a C/C++ library with the purpose to speed up gathering and processing the data of the state of a two-electron spin qubit. Due to the very fast experi- mental manipulation time of this qubit in the nanosecond-timescale and the need to operate it in a feedback loop the library heavily makes use of multithreading to acquire and process the data on- the-fly. In this way the host application can control the experiment with minimized dead time. The set of operations includes downsam- pling and calculating the repetitive average signal as well as higher level operations e.g. histogramming the downsampled values which are used in single-shot measurements.},
author = {Humpohl, Simon Sebastian},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Humpohl - 2014 - A multithreaded data acquisition dll.pdf:pdf},
number = {July},
school = {RWTH Aachen},
title = {{A multithreaded data acquisition dll}},
type = {Bachelor's thesis},
year = {2014}
}
@misc{Patterson2007,
author = {Patterson, Bruce},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Patterson - 2007 - The Hubbard Model for Dummies.pdf:pdf},
title = {{The Hubbard Model for Dummies}},
year = {2007}
}
@article{Colless2013,
abstract = {We report the dispersive charge-state readout of a double quantum dot in the few-electron regime using the in situ gate electrodes as sensitive detectors. We benchmark this gate-sensing technique against the well established quantum point contact (QPC) charge detector and find comparable performance with a bandwidth of 10 MHz and an equivalent charge sensitivity of 6.3 x 10-3 e/ $\backslash$sqrt Hz. Dispersive gate-sensing alleviates the burden of separate charge detectors for quantum dot systems and promises to enable readout of qubits in scaled-up arrays.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1210.4645},
author = {Colless, J. I. and Mahoney, A. C. and Hornibrook, J. M. and Doherty, A. C. and Lu, H. and Gossard, A. C. and Reilly, D. J.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.046805},
eprint = {1210.4645},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Colless et al. - 2013 - Dispersive readout of a few-electron double quantum dot with fast rf gate sensors.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0031-9007},
issn = {00319007},
journal = {Physical Review Letters},
number = {4},
pages = {1--5},
pmid = {25166190},
title = {{Dispersive readout of a few-electron double quantum dot with fast rf gate sensors}},
volume = {110},
year = {2013}
}
@article{Barthel2010,
abstract = {Single-shot measurement of the charge arrangement and spin state of a double quantum dot are reported, with measurement times down to {\~{}} 100 ns. Sensing uses radio-frequency reflectometry of a proximal quantum dot in the Coulomb blockade regime. The sensor quantum dot is up to 30 times more sensitive than a comparable quantum point contact sensor, and yields three times greater signal to noise in rf single-shot measurements. Numerical modeling is qualitatively consistent with experiment and shows that the improved sensitivity of the sensor quantum dot results from reduced screening and lifetime broadening.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1001.3585},
author = {Barthel, C. and Kj{\ae}rgaard, M. and Medford, J. and Stopa, M. and Marcus, C. M. and Hanson, M. P. and Gossard, A. C.},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.81.161308},
eprint = {1001.3585},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Barthel et al. - 2010 - Fast sensing of double-dot charge arrangement and spin state with a radio-frequency sensor quantum dot.pdf:pdf},
issn = {10980121},
journal = {Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics},
number = {16},
pages = {3--6},
title = {{Fast sensing of double-dot charge arrangement and spin state with a radio-frequency sensor quantum dot}},
volume = {81},
year = {2010}
}
@article{Botzem2016a,
author = {Botzem, Tim and Shulman, Michael D and Foletti, Sandra and Harvey, Shannon P and Dial, Oliver E and Umansky, Vladimir and Schuh, Dieter and Bougeard, Dominique and Yacoby, Amir and Bluhm, Hendrik},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Botzem et al. - 2016 - Tuning methods for semiconductor spin qubits.pdf:pdf},
pages = {1--10},
title = {{Tuning methods for semiconductor spin qubits}},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Nichol2016,
abstract = {Electron spins in semiconductors are promising qubits because their long coherence times enable nearly 10{\^{}}9 coherent quantum gate operations. However, developing a scalable high-fidelity two-qubit gate remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate an entangling gate between two double-quantum-dot spin qubits in GaAs by using a magnetic field gradient between the two dots in each qubit to suppress decoherence due to charge noise. When the magnetic gradient dominates the voltage-controlled exchange interaction between electrons, qubit coherence times increase by an order of magnitude. Using randomized benchmarking and self-consistent quantum measurement, state, and process tomography, we measure single-qubit gate fidelities of approximately 99{\%} and an entangling gate fidelity of 90{\%}. In the future, operating double quantum dot spin qubits with large gradients in nuclear-spin-free materials, such as Si, should enable a two-qubit gate fidelity surpassing the threshold for fault-tolerant quantum information processing.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1608.04258},
author = {Nichol, J. M. and Orona, Lucas A. and Harvey, Shannon P. and Fallahi, Saeed and Gardner, Geoffrey C. and Manfra, Michael J. and Yacoby, A.},
doi = {10.1038/s41534-016-0003-1},
eprint = {1608.04258},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Nichol et al. - 2016 - High-fidelity entangling gate for double-quantum-dot spin qubits.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1748-3387},
issn = {2056-6387},
journal = {In press at npj Quantum Information},
number = {August 2016},
pages = {arXiv: 1608.04258},
pmid = {25092298},
publisher = {Springer US},
title = {{High-fidelity entangling gate for double-quantum-dot spin qubits}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1608.04258},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Beaudoin2016,
abstract = {Microwave resonators have been used to realize qubit readout, two-qubit gates, and state shuttling between distant quantum systems. Strong coupling between a spin qubit and a resonator may be achieved using an inhomogeneous magnetic field generated with a nanomagnet. We consider a spin qubit in a double quantum dot exposed to a stray magnetic field with transverse and longitudinal components with respect to an applied external field. We show that this geometry leads to transverse and longitudinal couplings of {\~{}}1 MHz between the spin qubit and the resonator. Using realistic simulations of a GaAs device, we show how precise placement of the nanomagnet allows to select between transverse and longitudinal coupling. We also explain how to mitigate new dephasing and relaxation channels that are inherent to this coupling scheme. This analysis gives a clear route towards realization of coherent state transfer between a microwave resonator and a single spin in quantum dots with a fidelity above 90{\%}. Improved dynamical decoupling sequences, low-noise environments, and longer-lived microwave cavities may lead to substantially higher fidelities in the near future.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1606.04736},
author = {Beaudoin, F{\'{e}}lix and Lachance-Quirion, Dany and Coish, W. A. and Pioro-Ladri{\`{e}}re, Michel},
doi = {10.1088/0957-4484/27/46/464003},
eprint = {1606.04736},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Beaudoin et al. - 2016 - Coupling a single electron spin to a microwave resonator Controlling transverse and longitudinal couplings.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0957-4484},
journal = {arXiv},
keywords = {charge noise,circuit quantum electrodynamics,spin qubits},
number = {46},
pages = {1--11},
title = {{Coupling a single electron spin to a microwave resonator: Controlling transverse and longitudinal couplings}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.04736},
volume = {27},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Bruhat2016,
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1612.05214},
author = {Bruhat, L. E and Cubaynes, T. and Viennot, J. J. and Dartiailh, M. C. and Desjardins, M. M. and Cottet, A. and Kontos, T.},
eprint = {1612.05214},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bruhat et al. - 2016 - Strong coupling between an electron in a quantum dot circuit and a photon in a cavity.pdf:pdf},
journal = {arXiv},
pages = {1--19},
title = {{Strong coupling between an electron in a quantum dot circuit and a photon in a cavity}},
url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1612.05214},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Ihn2012,
author = {Ihn, T.},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Ihn - 2012 - Semiconductor Nanostructures Quantum States and Electronic Transport.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Oxford University Press},
number = {1},
title = {{Semiconductor Nanostructures: Quantum States and Electronic Transport.}},
volume = {1},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Li2009,
abstract = {We study exchange coupling in Si double quantum dots, which have been proposed as suitable candidates for spin qubits due to their long spin coherence times. We discuss in detail two alternative schemes which have been proposed for implementing spin qubits in quantum dots. One scheme uses spin states in a single dot and the interdot exchange coupling controls interactions between unbiased dots. The other scheme employs the singlet and triplet states of a biased double dot as the two-level system making up the qubit and exchange controls the energy splitting of the levels. Exchange in these two configurations depends differently on system parameters. Our work relies on the Heitler-London approximation and the Hund-Mulliken molecular orbital method. The results we obtain enable us to investigate the sensitivity of the system to background charge fluctuations and determine the conditions under which optimal spots, at which the influence of the charge noise is minimized, may exist in Si double quantum dot structures.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {0906.4793},
author = {Li, Qiuzi and Cywinski, Lukasz and Culcer, Dimitrie and Hu, Xuedong and Sarma, S. Das},
doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.81.085313},
eprint = {0906.4793},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Li et al. - 2009 - Exchange coupling in silicon quantum dots Theoretical considerations for quantum computation.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1098-0121 1550-235X},
issn = {10980121},
pages = {18},
title = {{Exchange coupling in silicon quantum dots: Theoretical considerations for quantum computation}},
year = {2009}
}
@article{Baart2016,
abstract = {We report the computer-automated tuning of gate-defined semiconductor double quantum dots in GaAs heterostructures. We benchmark the algorithm by creating three double quantum dots inside a linear array of four quantum dots. The algorithm sets the correct gate voltages for all the gates to tune the double quantum dots into the single-electron regime. The algorithm only requires (1) prior knowledge of the gate design and (2) the pinch-off value of the single gate {\$}T{\$} that is shared by all the quantum dots. This work significantly alleviates the user effort required to tune multiple quantum dot devices.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1603.02274},
author = {Baart, T. A. and Eendebak, P. T. and Reichl, C. and Wegscheider, W. and Vandersypen, L. M K},
doi = {10.1063/1.4952624},
eprint = {1603.02274},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Baart et al. - 2016 - Computer-automated tuning of semiconductor double quantum dots into the single-electron regime.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {21},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Computer-automated tuning of semiconductor double quantum dots into the single-electron regime}},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4952624},
volume = {108},
year = {2016}
}
@article{Meiners2012,
author = {Meiners, Thorsten and Science, Computer and Sciences, Natural},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Meiners, Science, Sciences - 2012 - Simulation of magnetic elds of a stripline for coherent single electron resonance by.pdf:pdf},
title = {{Simulation of magnetic elds of a stripline for coherent single electron resonance by}},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Studenikin2012,
abstract = {We employ an intermediate excited charge state of a lateral quantum dot device to increase the charge detection contrast during the qubit state readout procedure, allowing us to increase the visibility of coherent qubit oscillations. This approach amplifies the coherent oscillation magnitude but has no effect on the detector noise resulting in an increase in the signal to noise ratio. In this letter we apply this scheme to demonstrate a significant enhancement of the fringe contrast of coherent Landau-Zener-Stuckleberg oscillations between singlet S and triplet T+ two-spin states.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {1206.0778},
author = {Studenikin, S. A. and Thorgrimson, J. and Aers, G. C. and Kam, A. and Zawadzki, P. and Wasilewski, Z. R. and Bogan, A. and Sachrajda, A. S.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4749281},
eprint = {1206.0778},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Studenikin et al. - 2012 - Enhanced charge detection of spin qubit readout via an intermediate state.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00036951},
journal = {Applied Physics Letters},
number = {23},
pages = {1--3},
title = {{Enhanced charge detection of spin qubit readout via an intermediate state}},
volume = {101},
year = {2012}
}
@article{Shulman2012a,
abstract = {Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain interesting problems significantly faster than classical computers. To exploit the power of a quantum computation it is necessary to perform inter-qubit operations and generate entangled states. Spin qubits are a promising candidate for implement-ing a quantum processor due to their potential for scalability and miniaturization. However, their weak interactions with the environment, which leads to their long coherence times, makes inter-qubit operations challenging. We perform a controlled two-qubit operation between singlet-triplet qubits using a dynamically decoupled sequence that maintains the two-qubit coupling while decoupling each qubit from its fluctuating environment. Using state tomography we measure the full density matrix of the system and determine the concurrence and the fidelity of the generated state, providing proof of entanglement. Singlet-triplet (S-T 0) qubits, a particular realization of spin qubits[1–7], store quantum information in the joint spin state of two electrons[8–10]. The basis states for the S-T 0 qubit can be constructed from the eigenstates of a single electron spin, | ↑〉 and | ↓〉. We choose |S〉 = 1 2 (| ↑↓〉 − | ↓↑〉) and |T 0 〉 = 1 2 (| ↑↓〉 + | ↓↑〉) for the logical subspace of the S-T 0 qubit because these states are insensitive to uniform fluctuations in the magnetic field. The qubit can then be described as a two level system with a representation on a Bloch sphere shown in Fig. 1a.},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
arxivId = {arXiv:1202.1828v1},
author = {Shulman, Michael D and Dial, Oliver E and Harvey, Shannon P and Bluhm, Hendrik and Umansky, Vladimir and Yacoby, Amir},
doi = {10.1126/science.1217692},
eprint = {arXiv:1202.1828v1},
file = {:Users/reneotten/Library/Application Support/Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Shulman et al. - 2012 - Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Single-Triplet Qubits.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1095-9203 (Electronic)$\backslash$n0036-8075 (Linking)},
issn = {0036-8075},
journal = {Science},
keywords = {bluhm,dial,harvey,shulman,umansky,yacobi},
number = {6078},
pages = {202--205},
pmid = {22499942},
title = {{Demonstration of Entanglement of Electrostatically Coupled Single-Triplet Qubits}},
volume = {336},
year = {2012}
}
@book{feynman1963feynman,
author = {Feynman, R P and Leighton, R B and Sands, M L},
isbn = {9780201021165},
number = {Bd. 1},
publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
series = {The Feynman Lectures on Physics},
title = {{The Feynman Lectures on Physics}},
year = {1963}
}