diff --git a/lib/auth/getApiKeyAccountId.ts b/lib/auth/getApiKeyAccountId.ts
index 49af4106..7cff5afc 100644
--- a/lib/auth/getApiKeyAccountId.ts
+++ b/lib/auth/getApiKeyAccountId.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ export async function getApiKeyAccountId(request: NextRequest): Promise<string |
 
   try {
     const keyHash = hashApiKey(apiKey, PRIVY_PROJECT_SECRET);
+    console.log("[getApiKeyAccountId] key prefix:", apiKey.slice(0, 12) + "...");
+    console.log("[getApiKeyAccountId] hash:", keyHash);
     const apiKeys = await selectAccountApiKeys({ keyHash });
+    console.log("[getApiKeyAccountId] matched keys:", apiKeys?.length ?? "null");
 
     if (apiKeys === null) {
       console.error("[ERROR] selectAccountApiKeys returned null");
diff --git a/lib/sandbox/createSandbox.ts b/lib/sandbox/createSandbox.ts
index 16d0da3f..40dd6354 100644
--- a/lib/sandbox/createSandbox.ts
+++ b/lib/sandbox/createSandbox.ts
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ export async function createSandbox(
     params.source && "type" in params.source && params.source.type === "snapshot";
 
   // Pass params directly to SDK - it handles all the type variants
+  console.log("[createSandbox] Creating sandbox with params:", JSON.stringify(params, null, 2));
   const sandbox = await Sandbox.create(
     hasSnapshotSource
       ? {
diff --git a/lib/sandbox/createSandboxPostHandler.ts b/lib/sandbox/createSandboxPostHandler.ts
index e953b88a..accede2d 100644
--- a/lib/sandbox/createSandboxPostHandler.ts
+++ b/lib/sandbox/createSandboxPostHandler.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import { processCreateSandbox } from "@/lib/sandbox/processCreateSandbox";
 export async function createSandboxPostHandler(request: NextRequest): Promise<NextResponse> {
   const validated = await validateSandboxBody(request);
   if (validated instanceof NextResponse) {
+    const errorBody = await validated.clone().json();
+    console.error("[POST /api/sandboxes] Validation/auth failed:", errorBody);
     return validated;
   }
 
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ export async function createSandboxPostHandler(request: NextRequest): Promise<Ne
       { status: 200, headers: getCorsHeaders() },
     );
   } catch (error) {
+    console.error("[POST /api/sandboxes] Error creating sandbox:", error);
     const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to create sandbox";
     return NextResponse.json(
       { status: "error", error: message },
diff --git a/lib/sandbox/processCreateSandbox.ts b/lib/sandbox/processCreateSandbox.ts
index dc378a08..c8084dc9 100644
--- a/lib/sandbox/processCreateSandbox.ts
+++ b/lib/sandbox/processCreateSandbox.ts
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ export async function processCreateSandbox(
   const { accountId, prompt } = input;
 
   const snapshotId = await getValidSnapshotId(accountId);
+  console.log("[processCreateSandbox] accountId:", accountId, "snapshotId:", snapshotId ?? "none");
 
   let result;
 
@@ -49,19 +50,28 @@ export async function processCreateSandbox(
         source: { type: "snapshot", snapshotId },
       });
       result = createResult.response;
-    } catch {
-      const freshResult = await createSandbox({});
-      result = freshResult.response;
+    } catch (snapshotError) {
+      console.error("[processCreateSandbox] Snapshot creation failed:", snapshotError);
+      try {
+        const freshResult = await createSandbox({});
+        result = freshResult.response;
+      } catch (freshError) {
+        console.error("[processCreateSandbox] Fresh fallback also failed:", freshError);
+        throw freshError;
+      }
     }
   } else {
     const freshResult = await createSandbox({});
     result = freshResult.response;
   }
 
-  await insertAccountSandbox({
+  const insertResult = await insertAccountSandbox({
     account_id: accountId,
     sandbox_id: result.sandboxId,
   });
+  if (insertResult.error) {
+    console.error("[processCreateSandbox] insertAccountSandbox failed:", insertResult.error);
+  }
 
   // Trigger the prompt execution task if a prompt was provided
   let runId: string | undefined;