Fix how type parameters are collected from parametrized `Protocol` bases #2372

Job	Run time
Run tests (3.10)	14s
Run tests (3.11.0)	19s
Run tests (3.11)	11s
Run tests (3.9)	12s
Run tests (3.9.12)	18s
Run tests (3.12)	13s
Run tests (3.13.0)	19s
Run tests (3.14)	18s
Run tests (3.10.4)	21s
Run tests (pypy3.10)	8s
Run tests (pypy3.11)	10s
Run tests (3.13)	10s
Run tests (pypy3.9)	14s
Run tests (3.12.0)	17s
Report coverage	19s
Create an issue if daily tests failed	0s
	3m 43s

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