Fix how type parameters are collected from parametrized `Protocol` bases #2356

Job	Run time
Run tests (3.10)	20s
Run tests (3.9.12)	16s
Run tests (3.10.4)	15s
Run tests (3.9)	14s
Run tests (3.12)	14s
Run tests (3.12.0)	16s
Run tests (3.11.0)	17s
Run tests (3.13.0)	18s
Run tests (3.14)	16s
Run tests (3.13)	15s
Run tests (3.11)	14s
Run tests (pypy3.10)	11s
Run tests (pypy3.9)	8s
Run tests (pypy3.11)	15s
Report coverage	14s
Create an issue if daily tests failed	0s
	3m 43s

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