Add wrappers for common extensions

[dertseha]

So far, the wrapper libraries only focused on the "core" API, and showcased one extension - which furthermore is not implemented by any runtime due to missing definitions.

As part of this task, implement the most common extensions (add definitions, functions, ...).
As a guide, use https://opencl.gpuinfo.org/listextensions.php and target all that are implemented by over 50% overall. This will also include cl_khr_gl_sharing for example, which is highly referenced on the reference sheets.

(Some extensions may be ignored, such as cl_khr_icd, which might not be a focus of the wrappers - this extension might be a different library altogether)