Instead of removing SNPs, we can merge the bfile with itself https://www.biostars.org/p/335304/ ``` plink2 --bfile $outprefix.step1c --set-all-var-ids '@:#_$r_$a' --make-bed --out $outprefix.step1d plink --bfile $outprefix.step1d --bmerge $outprefix.step1d --make-bed --out $outprefix.step1e ```