diff --git a/src/Observability/Runtime/Etw/EtwEventSource.cs b/src/Observability/Runtime/Etw/EtwEventSource.cs
index 7eaca46e..b2921a35 100644
--- a/src/Observability/Runtime/Etw/EtwEventSource.cs
+++ b/src/Observability/Runtime/Etw/EtwEventSource.cs
@@ -6,93 +6,67 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Agents.A365.Observability.Runtime.Etw
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// ETW Event Source for Observability
+    /// ETW Event Source for Observability.
+    /// Call <see cref="Initialize"/> once at startup to configure the singleton,
+    /// then access it via <see cref="Log"/>. If <see cref="Log"/> is accessed
+    /// before <see cref="Initialize"/>, a default instance (with throw on errors) is created.
     /// </summary>
     [EventSource(Name = "A365-O11y-EventSource")]
     public class EtwEventSource : EventSource
     {
-        private static readonly object _lock = new object();
-        private static bool _throwOnEventWriteErrors = false;
-        private static Lazy<EtwEventSource> _lazy =
-            new Lazy<EtwEventSource>(CreateInstance);
-
-        private static EtwEventSource CreateInstance() =>
-            _throwOnEventWriteErrors
-                ? new EtwEventSource(EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors)
-                : new EtwEventSource();
+        private static EtwEventSource? _instance;
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Singleton instance of the EtwEventSource.
+        /// Gets the singleton instance. Creates a default instance (with
+        /// <see cref="EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors"/>) if
+        /// <see cref="Initialize"/> has not been called.
         /// </summary>
-        public static EtwEventSource Log
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                if (_lazy.IsValueCreated)
-                {
-                    return _lazy.Value;
-                }
-
-                lock (_lock)
-                {
-                    return _lazy.Value;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        public static EtwEventSource Log => _instance ??= new EtwEventSource(EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors);
 
         private EtwEventSource() : base() { }
 
         private EtwEventSource(EventSourceSettings settings) : base(settings) { }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Configures the singleton before it is first used.
-        /// Must be called before accessing <see cref="Log"/>.
+        /// Initializes the singleton with the specified settings.
+        /// Must be called before the first access of <see cref="Log"/>.
         /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="throwOnEventWriteErrors">
-        /// When <see langword="true"/>, the underlying <see cref="EventSource"/> will be created with
-        /// <see cref="EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors"/>.
+        /// <param name="suppressThrowOnEventWriteErrors">
+        /// When <see langword="true"/>, the underlying <see cref="EventSource"/> will be created without
+        /// <see cref="EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors"/>. By default, throw on errors is enabled.
         /// </param>
         /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException">
-        /// Thrown if the singleton has already been created (i.e. <see cref="Log"/> has been accessed).
+        /// Thrown if the singleton has already been created.
         /// </exception>
-        public static void Configure(bool throwOnEventWriteErrors)
+        public static void Initialize(bool suppressThrowOnEventWriteErrors = false)
         {
-            lock (_lock)
+            if (_instance != null)
             {
-                if (_lazy.IsValueCreated)
-                {
-                    throw new InvalidOperationException(
-                        "EtwEventSource has already been created. Configure() must be called before the first access of Log.");
-                }
-
-                _throwOnEventWriteErrors = throwOnEventWriteErrors;
+                throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                    "EtwEventSource has already been initialized. Initialize() must be called before the first access of Log.");
             }
+
+            _instance = suppressThrowOnEventWriteErrors
+                ? new EtwEventSource()
+                : new EtwEventSource(EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Resets the singleton so tests can exercise <see cref="Configure"/> on a fresh instance.
+        /// Resets the singleton so tests can exercise <see cref="Initialize"/> on a fresh instance.
         /// </summary>
         internal static void ResetForTesting()
         {
-            lock (_lock)
-            {
-                if (_lazy.IsValueCreated)
-                {
-                    _lazy.Value.Dispose();
-                }
-
-                _throwOnEventWriteErrors = false;
-                _lazy = new Lazy<EtwEventSource>(CreateInstance);
-            }
+            _instance?.Dispose();
+            _instance = null;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Handler for stopping a span.
         /// Writes an ETW event with the necessary information from the span.
         /// </summary>
-        [Event(1000, 
-            Level = EventLevel.Informational, 
-            Opcode = EventOpcode.Stop, 
+        [Event(1000,
+            Level = EventLevel.Informational,
+            Opcode = EventOpcode.Stop,
             Message = "A365 Otel span: Name={0} Id={1} Body={4}")]
         public void SpanStop(string name, string spanId, string traceId, string parentSpanId, string content) =>
             WriteEvent(1000, name, spanId, traceId, parentSpanId, content);
@@ -101,8 +75,8 @@ public void SpanStop(string name, string spanId, string traceId, string parentSp
         /// Handler for logging JSON messages.
         /// Writes an ETW event with the provided JSON message.
         /// </summary>
-        [Event(2000, 
-            Level = EventLevel.Informational, 
+        [Event(2000,
+            Level = EventLevel.Informational,
             Message = "{0}")]
         public void LogJson(string message) =>
             WriteEvent(2000, message);
diff --git a/src/Tests/Microsoft.Agents.A365.Observability.Runtime.Tests/Etw/EtwEventSourceConfigureTests.cs b/src/Tests/Microsoft.Agents.A365.Observability.Runtime.Tests/Etw/EtwEventSourceConfigureTests.cs
index 355426f6..a39dd584 100644
--- a/src/Tests/Microsoft.Agents.A365.Observability.Runtime.Tests/Etw/EtwEventSourceConfigureTests.cs
+++ b/src/Tests/Microsoft.Agents.A365.Observability.Runtime.Tests/Etw/EtwEventSourceConfigureTests.cs
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ public void Cleanup()
         }
 
         [TestMethod]
-        public void Configure_WithTrue_BeforeLogAccess_CreatesInstanceWithThrowOnErrors()
+        public void Initialize_Default_CreatesInstanceWithThrowOnErrors()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            EtwEventSource.Configure(throwOnEventWriteErrors: true);
+            EtwEventSource.Initialize();
             var log = EtwEventSource.Log;
 
             // Assert
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ public void Configure_WithTrue_BeforeLogAccess_CreatesInstanceWithThrowOnErrors(
         }
 
         [TestMethod]
-        public void Configure_WithFalse_BeforeLogAccess_CreatesInstanceWithoutThrowOnErrors()
+        public void Initialize_WithSuppressTrue_CreatesInstanceWithoutThrowOnErrors()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            EtwEventSource.Configure(throwOnEventWriteErrors: false);
+            EtwEventSource.Initialize(suppressThrowOnEventWriteErrors: true);
             var log = EtwEventSource.Log;
 
             // Assert
@@ -44,27 +44,40 @@ public void Configure_WithFalse_BeforeLogAccess_CreatesInstanceWithoutThrowOnErr
         }
 
         [TestMethod]
-        public void Log_WithoutConfigure_CreatesInstanceWithoutThrowOnErrors()
+        public void Log_WithoutInitialize_CreatesDefaultInstanceWithThrowOnErrors()
         {
             // Act
             var log = EtwEventSource.Log;
 
             // Assert
-            Assert.IsFalse(log.Settings.HasFlag(EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors));
+            Assert.IsTrue(log.Settings.HasFlag(EventSourceSettings.ThrowOnEventWriteErrors));
         }
 
         [TestMethod]
-        public void Configure_AfterLogAccess_ThrowsInvalidOperationException()
+        public void Initialize_AfterLogAccess_ThrowsInvalidOperationException()
         {
             // Arrange - force singleton creation
             _ = EtwEventSource.Log;
 
             // Act & Assert
             var ex = Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
-                EtwEventSource.Configure(throwOnEventWriteErrors: true));
+                EtwEventSource.Initialize());
 
-            StringAssert.Contains(ex.Message, "Configure()");
+            StringAssert.Contains(ex.Message, "Initialize()");
             StringAssert.Contains(ex.Message, "before the first access");
         }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Initialize_CalledTwice_ThrowsInvalidOperationException()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            EtwEventSource.Initialize();
+
+            // Act & Assert
+            var ex = Assert.ThrowsException<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
+                EtwEventSource.Initialize());
+
+            StringAssert.Contains(ex.Message, "already been initialized");
+        }
     }
 }