main.py

import sys
import requests 
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton, QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QMainWindow, QMessageBox, QWidget, QFrame
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap
from datetime import datetime

#for secure import of API key
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os

class WeatherApp (QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.setWindowTitle("Weather App")
        self.setGeometry(100,100,600,750)

        self.backgroundPic = QPixmap("pexels-photo-1571730.jpeg")
        self.backgroundLabel = QLabel(self)
        
        self.WeatherPanel = QLabel(self)
        
        self.WelcomeLabel = QLabel("Welcome to Weather App!", self)
        self.CitySearch = QLineEdit(self)
        self.SearchButton = QPushButton("Search", self)
        
        #UI part 2
        self.WeatherPanel2 = QLabel(self)
        
        self.City = QLabel("City", self)
        self.Temperature = QLabel("150", self)
        self.TemperatureUnitSel = QPushButton("°C", self)
        self.TempSlash = QLabel("/", self)
        self.TemperatureUnit2 = QPushButton("°F", self)
        self.WeatherIcon = QLabel("", self)
        self.DefaultPixmap = QPixmap("partly-cloudy-day.png")
        self.WeatherDesc = QLabel("Partially cloudy", self)
        
        self.Rain = QLabel("Precipitation: 100%", self)
        self.Humidity = QLabel("Humidity: 100%", self)
        self.Windspeed = QLabel("Wind Speed: 5km/h", self)
        
        self.ErrorMsgBox = QMessageBox(self)
        self.ErrorMsgBox.setIcon(QMessageBox.Warning)

        self.initUI1()
        self.initUI2()


    #all of the details regarding UI design of the main title, search button and text field, also the background
    def initUI1(self):
        self.backgroundLabel.setGeometry(0,0,600,800)
        self.backgroundLabel.setPixmap(self.backgroundPic)
        self.backgroundLabel.setScaledContents(True)

        self.WeatherPanel.setGeometry(0,0,600,800)
        self.WeatherPanel.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 90)")

        self.WelcomeLabel.setGeometry(0,0,600,60)
        self.WelcomeLabel.setStyleSheet("color: white;"
                                        "font-size: 35px;"
                                        "font-weight: bold;")
        self.WelcomeLabel.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.CitySearch.setGeometry(30,70,370,30)
        self.CitySearch.setStyleSheet("font-size: 15px;"
                                      "background-color: white;"
                                      "border-radius: 15px;"
                                      "color: #2a2a2a")
        self.CitySearch.setPlaceholderText("Enter your city and country (e.g. London, UK)")

        self.SearchButton.setGeometry(420,67,150,36)
        self.SearchButton.setStyleSheet("""
                                        QPushButton {
                                            font-size: 20px;
                                            background-color: grey;
                                            border-radius: 15px; 
                                        }
                                        QPushButton:hover {
                                            background-color: #bdbdbd;
                                        }                       
                                        """)
        self.SearchButton.clicked.connect(self.getWeather)


    #characteristics of the UI responsible for displaying weather details of a place at the current time
    def initUI2(self):
        self.WeatherPanel2.setGeometry(20,120,560,610)
        self.WeatherPanel2.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 90)")

        self.City.setGeometry(20,150,560,80)
        self.City.setStyleSheet("font-size: 70px;"
                                "color: white;"
                                "background-color: transparent;"
                                "font-weight: bold;")
        self.City.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.Temperature.setGeometry(260,240,180,200)
        self.Temperature.setStyleSheet("font-size: 100px;"
                                       "font-weight: bold;")
        self.Temperature.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight | Qt.AlignVCenter)

        self.TemperatureUnitSel.setGeometry(440,290,60,50)
        self.TemperatureUnitSel.setStyleSheet("""
                                            QPushButton {
                                                font-size: 30px;
                                                border: none;
                                                color: white; 
                                            }
                                            """)
        
        self.TempSlash.setGeometry(505,290,10,50)
        self.TempSlash.setStyleSheet("font-size: 30px;"
                                     "color: grey;")
        
        self.TemperatureUnit2.setGeometry(510,290,60,50)
        self.TemperatureUnit2.setStyleSheet("""
                                            QPushButton {
                                                font-size: 30px;
                                                border: none;
                                                color: grey; 
                                            }
                                            QPushButton:hover {
                                                color: #bdbdbd;
                                            }
                                            """)
        self.TemperatureUnit2.clicked.connect(self.UnitConversion)

        self.WeatherIcon.setPixmap(self.DefaultPixmap)
        self.WeatherIcon.setScaledContents(True)
        self.WeatherIcon.setGeometry(70,250,170,170)
        self.WeatherIcon.setStyleSheet("font-size: 190px;"
                                       "font-weight: bold;")
        self.WeatherIcon.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.WeatherDesc.setGeometry(50,420,200,50)
        self.WeatherDesc.setStyleSheet("font-size: 12px;"
                                       "font-weight: bold")
        
        self.Rain.setGeometry(80,450,150,70)
        self.Rain.setStyleSheet("font-size: 15px;"
                                "font-weight: bold;")
        
        self.Humidity.setGeometry(255,450,120,70)
        self.Humidity.setStyleSheet("font-size: 15px;"
                                    "font-weight: bold;")
        
        self.Windspeed.setGeometry(410,450,150,70)
        self.Windspeed.setStyleSheet("font-size: 15px;"
                                     "font-weight: bold;")


    #function to retrieve weather data from the API
    def getWeather(self):

        load_dotenv() #loads the .env file, so that the API key can be retrieved from it
        personalApiKey = os.getenv("API_KEY") #retrieving API key from .env file, so that it is not exposed in the code
        cityIn = self.CitySearch.text()
        self.CitySearch.clear()
        url = f"https://weather.visualcrossing.com/VisualCrossingWebServices/rest/services/timeline/{cityIn}?key={personalApiKey}&include=fcst&elements=datetime,temp,precip,windspeed,humidity,icon,tempmax,tempmin,conditions&unitGroup=metric"
        
        self.TemperatureUnit2.setText("°F")
        self.TemperatureUnitSel.setText("°C")

        try:
            response = requests.get(url)
            response.raise_for_status() #so that an error is raised if response is bad
            data = response.json()
            self.displayWeather(data)
            self.displayWeeklyWeather(data)
        
        #catches errors with API response received
        except requests.exceptions.HTTPError:
            match response.status_code:
                case 400:
                    print("400 BAD REQUEST: Invalid request format or parameters")
                    self.displayError("400 BAD REQUEST: Invalid request format or parameters", "400 Error")
                case 401:
                    print("401 UNAUTHORIZED: API key or account problem.")
                    self.displayError("401 UNAUTHORIZED: API key or account problem", "401 Error")
                case 404: 
                    print("404 NOT FOUND: Endpoint does not exist.")
                    self.displayError("404 NOT FOUND: Endpoint does not exist", "404 Error")
                case 429:
                    print("429 TOO MANY REQUESTS: Rate limit exceeded.")
                    self.displayError("429 TOO MANY REQUESTS: Rate limit exceeded", "429 Error")
                case 500:
                    print("500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR: Server problem.")
                    self.displayError("500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR: Server problem", "500 Error")
                case _:
                    print(f"HTTP error occurred: {response.status_code}")
                    self.displayError("HTTP error occurred: {response.status_code}", "HTTP Error")

        #catches network errors
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
            print("Network or connection error")
            self.displayError("Network or connection error", "Network/Connection Error")

        #catches timeout errors
        except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
            print("Request time out")
            self.displayError("Request time out", "Request Time Out Error")

        #catches URL errors
        except requests.exceptions.TooManyRedirects:
            print("URL error, too many or wrong redirects")
            self.displayError("URL error, too many or wrong redirects", "URL Error")

        #catches any other errors
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            print(f"Other error occurred:{e}")
            self.displayError(f"Other error occurred:{e}", "Error")


    #displays an error message for the user after an error occurs
    def displayError(self, ErrorName, ErrorTitle):
        self.ErrorMsgBox.setText(ErrorName)
        self.ErrorMsgBox.setWindowTitle(ErrorTitle)
        self.ErrorMsgBox.exec_()


    #function to retrieve todays weather data and display it in UI components from the retrieved .json 
    def displayWeather(self, data):
        self.City.setText((data['resolvedAddress'].split(",")[0]).capitalize())
        self.Temperature.setText(str(int(round(data['days'][0]['temp'], 0))))
        self.Rain.setText(f"Precipitation: {(data['days'][0]['precip']):.0f}%")
        self.Humidity.setText(f"Humidity: {(data['days'][0]['humidity']):.0f}%")
        self.Windspeed.setText(f"Wind Speed: {(data['days'][0]['humidity']):.0f}km/h")
        self.WeatherDesc.setText((data['days'][0]['conditions']))
        
        #setting weather icons
        self.pixmapIcon = QPixmap(self.IconManagement(str(data['days'][0]['icon'])))
        self.WeatherIcon.setPixmap(self.pixmapIcon)
        self.WeatherIcon.setScaledContents(True)


    #function to display the upcoming week's weather in the widget at the bottom of the window
    def displayWeeklyWeather(self, data):
        
        #preventing overlay issues, by checking if a widget object already exists, and if so, deleting it
        if self.findChild(QWidget, 'weekWidget') is not None:
                self.findChild(QWidget, 'weekWidget').deleteLater()
            
        self.weekLayout = QHBoxLayout()
        self.weekLayout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.weekWidget = QWidget(self)
        self.weekWidget.setGeometry(30,520,540,200)
        self.weekWidget.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"
                                      "")

        for i in range(7):
            tempMin = f"{data['days'][i]['tempmin']:.0f}"
            tempMax = f"{data['days'][i]['tempmax']:.0f}"
            pixmapIcon = QPixmap(self.IconManagement(str(data['days'][i]['icon']))) 
            weekday = self.dateToWeekday(data['days'][i]['datetime'])

            dayBlock = self.weeklyWeatherBlock(tempMin, tempMax, pixmapIcon, weekday, i)
            self.weekLayout.addWidget(dayBlock)
        
        self.weekWidget.setLayout(self.weekLayout)
        self.weekWidget.show()

        #this will be used to find the object with find name (line 236), so in case such object already exists it can be deleted
        self.weekWidget.setObjectName("weekWidget")

    
    #function that adds a block for each day of the upcoming week's onto the upcoming week weather widget (weekWidget)
    def weeklyWeatherBlock(self, tempMin, tempMax, pixmapIcon, weekday, index):
        
        self.dayBlock = QFrame(self)
        self.dayBlock.setFixedSize(70,150)
        self.dayBlock.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 90);"
                                    "border-radius: 10px;")

        self.dayBlockLayout = QVBoxLayout()
        self.dayBlockLayout.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)

        self.weekdayLabel = QLabel(weekday)
        self.weekdayLabel.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.weekdayLabel.setStyleSheet("font-weight: bold;"
                                        "font-size: 18px;"
                                        "background-color: transparent;")
        self.dayBlockLayout.addWidget(self.weekdayLabel)

        self.iconLabel = QLabel()
        self.iconLabel.setPixmap(pixmapIcon)
        self.iconLabel.setScaledContents(True)
        self.iconLabel.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.iconLabel.setStyleSheet("background-color: transparent;")
        self.dayBlockLayout.addWidget(self.iconLabel)

        self.tempLabel = QLabel(f"{tempMin} | {tempMax}")
        self.tempLabel.setObjectName(f"tempLabel{index}")
        self.tempLabel.setProperty("minTemp", int(tempMin))
        self.tempLabel.setProperty("maxTemp", int(tempMax))
        self.tempLabel.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.tempLabel.setStyleSheet("font-size: 12px;"
                                     "background-color: transparent;")
        self.dayBlockLayout.addWidget(self.tempLabel)


        self.dayBlock.setLayout(self.dayBlockLayout)
        return self.dayBlock
    

    #function to turn any date into its corresponding weekday 
    def dateToWeekday(self, date):
        match datetime.strptime(date, "%Y-%m-%d").weekday():
            case 0:
                return "Mon"
            case 1:
                return "Tue"
            case 2:
                return "Wed"
            case 3:
                return "Thu"
            case 4:
                return "Fri"
            case 5: 
                return "Sat"
            case 6:
                return "Sun"
    

    #function to display particular weather icons
    def IconManagement(self, weatherID):
        match weatherID:
            case "snow":
                return "icons/snow.png"
            case "rain":
                return "icons/rain.png"
            case "fog":
                return "icons/fog.png"
            case "wind":
                return "icons/wind.png"
            case "cloudy":
                return "icons/cloudy.png"
            case "partly-cloudy-day":
                return "icons/partly-cloudy-day.png"
            case "partly-cloudy-night":
                return "icons/partly-cloudy-night.png"
            case "clear-day":
                return "icons/clear-day.png"
            case "clear-night":
                return "icons/clear-night.png"
    

    #function to convert celsius to fahrenheit and vice versa 
    def UnitConversion(self):
        if self.TemperatureUnitSel.text() == "°C":
            self.TemperatureUnit2.setText("°C")
            self.TemperatureUnitSel.setText("°F")
            self.Temperature.setText(f"{int(self.Temperature.text()) *(9/5)+32:.0f}")
            
            for i in range(7):
                self.tempLabel = self.findChild(QLabel, f"tempLabel{i}")
                self.newMinTemp = self.tempLabel.property("minTemp")
                self.newMaxTemp = self.tempLabel.property("maxTemp")
                self.tempLabel.setText((f"{(int(self.newMinTemp) * 9/5) + 32:.0f} | {(int(self.newMaxTemp) * 9/5) + 32:.0f}"))

        elif self.TemperatureUnitSel.text() == "°F":
            self.TemperatureUnit2.setText("°F")
            self.TemperatureUnitSel.setText("°C")
            self.Temperature.setText(f"{(int(self.Temperature.text()) -32)*(5/9):.0f}")

            for i in range(7):
                self.tempLabel = self.findChild(QLabel, f"tempLabel{i}")
                self.newMinTemp = self.tempLabel.property("minTemp")
                self.newMaxTemp = self.tempLabel.property("maxTemp")
                self.tempLabel.setText((f"{self.newMinTemp:.0f} | {self.newMaxTemp:.0f}"))
    


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    weather_app = WeatherApp()
    weather_app.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())