diff --git a/backend/API/main.py b/backend/API/main.py
index 11d3f4512..0630490df 100644
--- a/backend/API/main.py
+++ b/backend/API/main.py
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 from functools import wraps
 import logging
 
+import os
+
 # --- logger 설정 ---
 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -24,9 +26,7 @@ def create(schema_cls, data: dict):
 class ResultAdapter:
     @staticmethod
     def to_dict_list(keys, rows):
-        def sanitize(key, value):
-            defaults = {"experience": "0", "image": ""}
-            return value if value is not None else defaults.get(key, "")
+        sanitize = lambda k, v: v if v is not None else {"experience": "0", "image": ""}.get(k, "")
         return [dict(zip(keys, [sanitize(k, v) for k, v in zip(keys, row)])) for row in rows]
 
 # --- Decorator Pattern ---
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def get_db():
     finally:
         db.close()
 
-# 1. /get-company-name-and-detail-job
+# 입력 없이 회사명과 직무를 드롭다운(초기 접근 시 사용)
 @app.post("/get-company-name-and-detail-job", response_model=list[schemas.CompanyAndDetailJob], tags=['회사 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
 def get_company_name_and_detail_job(req: schemas.JobCategoryRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -73,24 +73,24 @@ def get_company_name_and_detail_job(req: schemas.JobCategoryRequest, db: Session
     return db.query(RecruitQualification.company_name, RecruitQualification.detail_job)\
              .filter(RecruitQualification.job_category == req.job_category).all()
 
+# 회사명을 입력받아 직무를 드롭다운(회사명 우선 선택 시)
 @app.post("/get-detail-job-by-company-name", response_model=list[schemas.DetailJob], tags=['회사 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
-
 def get_detail_job_by_company_name(req: schemas.CompanyNameRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
     req = RequestFactory.create(schemas.CompanyNameRequest, req.dict())
     return db.query(RecruitQualification.detail_job)\
              .filter(RecruitQualification.company_name == req.company_name).all()
 
 
+# 직무를 입력받아 회사명을 드롭다운(직무 우선 선택 시)
 @app.post("/get-company-name-by-detail-job", response_model=list[schemas.CompanyName], tags=['회사 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
-
 def get_company_name_by_detail_job(req: schemas.DetailJobRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
     req = RequestFactory.create(schemas.DetailJobRequest, req.dict())
     return db.query(RecruitQualification.company_name)\
              .filter(RecruitQualification.detail_job == req.detail_job).all()
 
-
+# 선택한 회사와 직무를 기준으로 모집공고를 받아옴
 @app.post("/get-job-posting", response_model=list[schemas.JobPosting], tags=['회사 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
 def get_job_posting(req: schemas.JobPostingRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ def get_job_posting(req: schemas.JobPostingRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db
 
     return ResultAdapter.to_dict_list(keys, results)
 
+# 회사와 직무를 입력받아 합격자들을 받아옴
 @app.post("/get-applicants-by-company-detail-job", response_model=list[schemas.ApplicantSchema], tags=["스펙 기준 검색"])
 @safe_handler
 def get_applicants_by_company_detail_job(req: schemas.ApplicantSearchByCompanyDetailJobRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ def get_applicants_by_company_detail_job(req: schemas.ApplicantSearchByCompanyDe
         Applicant.detail_job == req.detail_job
     ).all()
 
+# 직무를 입력받아 회사를 드롭다운(직무 먼저 선택 시)
 @app.post("/get-company-by-detail-job", response_model=list[schemas.CompanyList], tags=['스펙 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
 def get_companies_by_detail_job(req: schemas.DetailJobOnlyRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -142,6 +144,7 @@ def get_companies_by_detail_job(req: schemas.DetailJobOnlyRequest, db: Session =
         query = query.filter(Applicant.detail_job == req.detail_job)
     return [{"company": r[0]} for r in query.distinct().all()]
 
+# 회사를 입력받아 직무를 드롭다운(직무 먼저 선택 시)
 @app.post("/get-detail-job-by-company", response_model=list[schemas.DetailJobList], tags=['스펙 기준 검색'])
 @safe_handler
 def get_detail_jobs_by_company(req: schemas.CompanyOnlyRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -151,14 +154,25 @@ def get_detail_jobs_by_company(req: schemas.CompanyOnlyRequest, db: Session = De
         query = query.filter(Applicant.company == req.company)
     return [{"detail_job": r[0]} for r in query.distinct().all() if r[0] is not None]
 
+# @app.get("/get-all-universities", response_model=list[str], tags=["스펙 기준 검색"])
+# @safe_handler
+# def get_all_universities(db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
+#     return [r[0] for r in db.query(Applicant.university)
+#                        .filter(Applicant.university.isnot(None))
+#                        .filter(Applicant.university != "")
+#                        .distinct().all()]
+
+# 모든 대학 드롭다운
 @app.get("/get-all-universities", response_model=list[str], tags=["스펙 기준 검색"])
 @safe_handler
 def get_all_universities(db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
-    return [r[0] for r in db.query(Applicant.university)
-                       .filter(Applicant.university.isnot(None))
-                       .filter(Applicant.university != "")
-                       .distinct().all()]
+    extract = lambda row: row[0]
+    return list(map(extract, db.query(Applicant.university)
+                               .filter(Applicant.university.isnot(None))
+                               .filter(Applicant.university != "")
+                               .distinct().all()))
 
+# 학교를 입력받아 합격자들 드롭다운
 @app.post("/get-applicants-by-school", response_model=list[schemas.CompanyAndJob], tags=["스펙 기준 검색"])
 @safe_handler
 def get_applicants_by_school(req: schemas.SchoolRequest, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
@@ -169,6 +183,7 @@ def get_applicants_by_school(req: schemas.SchoolRequest, db: Session = Depends(g
     return [{"company": r[0], "detail_job": r[1]} for r in results]
 
 
+# root
 @app.get("/")
 def root():
     return {"message": "Spectrackr API is live!"}