It seems that the caching mechanism treats different snippets containing Unicode subscripts (₀, ₁, ₂, etc.) as identical, leading to incorrect reuse of cached results.
Here is a MWE:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmonofont{JetBrainsMono} % or Ubuntu, Lato, etc.
\usepackage{minted}
\begin{document}
\mintinline{julia}{x₀}
\mintinline{julia}{y₁}
\mintinline{julia}{z₂}
\mintinline{julia}{x₃}
\mintinline{julia}{y₄}
\mintinline{julia}{z₅}
\end{document}
Expected PDF output:
Actual PDF output:
If I disable caching or use minted2, the issue disappears. Tested with LuaLaTeX and minted 3.7.0.