Makefile

# Makefile - ALOS Kernel (x86-64)
# Cross-compiler: utilisez x86_64-elf-gcc si disponible, sinon gcc natif
# Pour installer le cross-compiler: voir https://wiki.osdev.org/GCC_Cross-Compiler

# Détection automatique du cross-compiler
CROSS_PREFIX ?= $(shell which x86_64-elf-gcc >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo "x86_64-elf-" || echo "")
CC = $(CROSS_PREFIX)gcc
AS = nasm
LD = $(CROSS_PREFIX)ld

# CFLAGS pour x86-64:
# -m64 : Génère du code 64-bit
# -march=x86-64 : Architecture x86-64 de base
# -mcmodel=kernel : Adresses kernel dans les 2 Go supérieurs
# -mno-red-zone : CRITIQUE - Désactive la red zone (incompatible avec les interruptions)
# -mno-sse -mno-sse2 -mno-mmx : Désactive les instructions SIMD (évite Invalid Opcode)
# -fno-stack-protector : Pas de protection de pile (pas de libc)
# -fno-pic -fno-pie : Pas de code position-independent
CFLAGS = -std=gnu99 -ffreestanding -O2 -g -Wall -Wextra \
         -m64 -march=x86-64 -mcmodel=kernel \
         -mno-red-zone -mno-sse -mno-sse2 -mno-mmx \
         -fno-stack-protector -fno-pic -fno-pie

ASFLAGS = -f elf64 -g
LDFLAGS = -nostdlib -z max-page-size=0x1000

# ===========================================
# Structure du projet:
#   src/
#   ├── arch/x86/      - Code spécifique x86
#   ├── kernel/        - Cœur du kernel
#   ├── mm/            - Memory Management
#   ├── drivers/       - Pilotes matériels
#   │   └── net/       - Pilotes réseau
#   ├── net/           - Stack réseau (OSI)
#   │   ├── l2/        - Layer 2 (Data Link)
#   │   ├── l3/        - Layer 3 (Network)
#   │   └── core/      - Infrastructure
#   └── include/       - Headers partagés
# ===========================================

# Architecture (x86_64)
# Note: boot.s est remplacé par le protocole Limine
ARCH_SRC = src/arch/x86_64/gdt.c src/arch/x86_64/idt.c src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.s src/arch/x86_64/switch.s src/arch/x86_64/tss.c src/arch/x86_64/usermode.c src/arch/x86_64/cpu.c
ARCH_OBJ = src/arch/x86_64/gdt.o src/arch/x86_64/idt.o src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.o src/arch/x86_64/switch.o src/arch/x86_64/tss.o src/arch/x86_64/usermode.o src/arch/x86_64/cpu.o

# Kernel core
KERNEL_SRC = src/kernel/kernel.c src/kernel/console.c src/kernel/fb_console.c src/kernel/keyboard.c src/kernel/keymap.c src/kernel/timer.c src/kernel/klog.c src/kernel/process.c src/kernel/thread.c src/kernel/sync.c src/kernel/workqueue.c src/kernel/syscall.c src/kernel/elf.c src/kernel/mouse.c src/kernel/input.c src/kernel/string.c
KERNEL_OBJ = src/kernel/kernel.o src/kernel/console.o src/kernel/fb_console.o src/kernel/keyboard.o src/kernel/keymap.o src/kernel/timer.o src/kernel/klog.o src/kernel/process.o src/kernel/thread.o src/kernel/sync.o src/kernel/workqueue.o src/kernel/syscall.o src/kernel/elf.o src/kernel/mouse.o src/kernel/input.o src/kernel/string.o

# MMIO subsystem
MMIO_SRC = src/kernel/mmio/mmio.c src/kernel/mmio/pci_mmio.c
MMIO_OBJ = src/kernel/mmio/mmio.o src/kernel/mmio/pci_mmio.o

# Memory management
MM_SRC = src/mm/pmm.c src/mm/kheap.c src/mm/vmm.c
MM_OBJ = src/mm/pmm.o src/mm/kheap.o src/mm/vmm.o

# Drivers
DRIVERS_SRC = src/drivers/pci.c src/drivers/ata.c src/drivers/net/pcnet.c src/drivers/net/virtio_net.c src/drivers/net/e1000e.c src/drivers/virtio/virtio_mmio.c src/drivers/virtio/virtio_transport.c src/drivers/virtio/virtio_pci_modern.c
DRIVERS_OBJ = src/drivers/pci.o src/drivers/ata.o src/drivers/net/pcnet.o src/drivers/net/virtio_net.o src/drivers/net/e1000e.o src/drivers/virtio/virtio_mmio.o src/drivers/virtio/virtio_transport.o src/drivers/virtio/virtio_pci_modern.o

# Network stack (par couche OSI)
NET_L2_SRC = src/net/l2/ethernet.c src/net/l2/arp.c
NET_L2_OBJ = src/net/l2/ethernet.o src/net/l2/arp.o

NET_L3_SRC = src/net/l3/ipv4.c src/net/l3/icmp.c src/net/l3/route.c
NET_L3_OBJ = src/net/l3/ipv4.o src/net/l3/icmp.o src/net/l3/route.o

NET_L4_SRC = src/net/l4/udp.c src/net/l4/dhcp.c src/net/l4/dns.c src/net/l4/tcp.c src/net/l4/http.c src/net/l4/httpd.c
NET_L4_OBJ = src/net/l4/udp.o src/net/l4/dhcp.o src/net/l4/dns.o src/net/l4/tcp.o src/net/l4/http.o src/net/l4/httpd.o

NET_CORE_SRC = src/net/core/net.c src/net/core/netdev.c
NET_CORE_OBJ = src/net/core/net.o src/net/core/netdev.o

# Filesystem (VFS + drivers)
FS_SRC = src/fs/vfs.c src/fs/ext2.c
FS_OBJ = src/fs/vfs.o src/fs/ext2.o


# Shell
SHELL_SRC = src/shell/shell.c src/shell/commands.c
SHELL_OBJ = src/shell/shell.o src/shell/commands.o

# Configuration
CONFIG_SRC = src/config/config.c
CONFIG_OBJ = src/config/config.o

# Configuration
CONFIG_SRC = src/config/config.c
CONFIG_OBJ = src/config/config.o

# Tous les objets
OBJ = $(ARCH_OBJ) $(KERNEL_OBJ) $(MMIO_OBJ) $(MM_OBJ) $(DRIVERS_OBJ) $(FS_OBJ) $(NET_L2_OBJ) $(NET_L3_OBJ) $(NET_L4_OBJ) $(NET_CORE_OBJ) $(LIB_OBJ) $(SHELL_OBJ) $(CONFIG_OBJ)

# Cible finale - Kernel ELF 64-bit
alos.elf: $(OBJ)
	$(LD) -T src/arch/x86_64/linker.ld -o alos.elf $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJ)
	@echo "Build success! Run 'make iso' to create bootable image."

# ===========================================
# Limine Bootloader (binaires pré-compilés)
# ===========================================

LIMINE_DIR = limine

# Télécharger les binaires Limine pré-compilés
$(LIMINE_DIR)/limine:
	@echo "=== Downloading Limine bootloader (v10.x binary release) ==="
	@if [ -d "$(LIMINE_DIR)" ]; then \
		echo "Updating existing Limine..."; \
		cd $(LIMINE_DIR) && git pull; \
	else \
		git clone https://codeberg.org/Limine/Limine.git $(LIMINE_DIR) --branch=v10.x-binary --depth=1; \
	fi
	@echo "=== Building Limine utility ==="
	$(MAKE) -C $(LIMINE_DIR)

# Cible pour forcer le re-téléchargement de Limine
limine-update:
	rm -rf $(LIMINE_DIR)
	$(MAKE) $(LIMINE_DIR)/limine

# Créer une image ISO bootable avec Limine
iso: alos.elf $(LIMINE_DIR)/limine disk.img
	@echo "=== Creating bootable ISO ==="
	@mkdir -p iso_root/boot/limine iso_root/EFI/BOOT
	cp -v alos.elf iso_root/boot/
	cp -v limine.conf iso_root/boot/limine/
	cp -v $(LIMINE_DIR)/limine-bios.sys iso_root/boot/limine/
	cp -v $(LIMINE_DIR)/limine-bios-cd.bin iso_root/boot/limine/
	cp -v $(LIMINE_DIR)/limine-uefi-cd.bin iso_root/boot/limine/
	cp -v $(LIMINE_DIR)/BOOTX64.EFI iso_root/EFI/BOOT/
	@if [ -f "$(LIMINE_DIR)/BOOTIA32.EFI" ]; then \
		cp -v $(LIMINE_DIR)/BOOTIA32.EFI iso_root/EFI/BOOT/; \
	fi
	xorriso -as mkisofs -R -r -J -b boot/limine/limine-bios-cd.bin \
		-no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table \
		--efi-boot boot/limine/limine-uefi-cd.bin \
		-efi-boot-part --efi-boot-image --protective-msdos-label \
		iso_root -o alos.iso
	./$(LIMINE_DIR)/limine bios-install alos.iso
	@echo "=== ISO created: alos.iso ==="

# ===========================================
# Règles de compilation par module
# ===========================================

# Architecture x86_64
src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.o: src/arch/x86_64/interrupts.s
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

src/arch/x86_64/switch.o: src/arch/x86_64/switch.s
	$(AS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

src/arch/x86_64/%.o: src/arch/x86_64/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Kernel
src/kernel/%.o: src/kernel/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Memory Management
src/mm/%.o: src/mm/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Drivers
src/drivers/%.o: src/drivers/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

src/drivers/net/%.o: src/drivers/net/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Network stack
src/net/l2/%.o: src/net/l2/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

src/net/l3/%.o: src/net/l3/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

src/net/l4/%.o: src/net/l4/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

src/net/core/%.o: src/net/core/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Filesystem
src/fs/%.o: src/fs/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Shell
src/shell/%.o: src/shell/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Configuration
src/config/%.o: src/config/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# MMIO subsystem
src/kernel/mmio/%.o: src/kernel/mmio/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# VirtIO drivers
src/drivers/virtio/%.o: src/drivers/virtio/%.c
	$(CC) -c $< -o $@ $(CFLAGS)

# Nettoyage (garde Limine)
clean:
	rm -f src/arch/x86_64/*.o src/kernel/*.o src/kernel/mmio/*.o src/mm/*.o
	rm -f src/drivers/*.o src/drivers/net/*.o src/drivers/virtio/*.o
	rm -f src/net/l2/*.o src/net/l3/*.o src/net/l4/*.o src/net/core/*.o
	rm -f src/fs/*.o src/shell/*.o src/config/*.o
	rm -f alos.elf alos.iso
	rm -rf iso_root

# Nettoyage complet (inclut Limine)
distclean: clean
	rm -rf $(LIMINE_DIR)

# Test rapide avec QEMU x86-64 (avec carte réseau virtio connectée en mode user)
# SLIRP network: 10.0.2.0/24, gateway 10.0.2.2, DHCP range 10.0.2.15-10.0.2.31
run: run-vbox

run-vbox: iso
	@echo "=== Starting VirtualBox ==="
	@# Arrêter la VM si elle tourne pour pouvoir modifier les paramètres
	@VBoxManage controlvm "ALOS" poweroff 2>/dev/null || true
	@sleep 1
	@if ! VBoxManage list vms | grep -q "\"ALOS\""; then \
		echo "Creating VM 'ALOS'..."; \
		VBoxManage createvm --name "ALOS" --ostype "Other_64" --register; \
		VBoxManage modifyvm "ALOS" --memory 1024 --vram 16 --graphicscontroller vmsvga; \
		VBoxManage storagectl "ALOS" --name "IDE Controller" --add ide; \
	fi
	@echo "Configuring serial port..."
	@VBoxManage modifyvm "ALOS" --uart1 0x3F8 4 --uartmode1 file $(CURDIR)/serial.log
	@VBoxManage storageattach "ALOS" --storagectl "IDE Controller" --port 0 --device 0 --type dvddrive --medium $(CURDIR)/alos.iso --forceunmount 2>/dev/null || \
		VBoxManage storageattach "ALOS" --storagectl "IDE Controller" --port 0 --device 0 --type dvddrive --medium $(CURDIR)/alos.iso
	@rm -f serial.log
	@touch serial.log
	VBoxManage startvm "ALOS"
	@echo ""
	@echo "=== Serial logs: tail -f serial.log ==="
	@sleep 2 && tail -f serial.log

run-qemu: iso
	rm -f serial.log
	qemu-system-amd64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 4096M \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd \
		-boot d -netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.2.0/24,dhcpstart=10.0.2.15,hostfwd=tcp::8080-:80 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk \
		-device bochs-display \
		-serial stdio \
		-no-reboot \
		-no-shutdown

# Run QEMU avec accélération GPU optimisée (RECOMMANDÉ pour GUI)
run-qemu-fast: iso
	@echo "=== Starting QEMU with GPU acceleration ==="
	rm -f serial.log
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 4096M \
		-accel kvm -cpu host -smp 2 \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd \
		-boot d -netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.2.0/24,dhcpstart=10.0.2.15,hostfwd=tcp::8080-:80 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk \
		-device virtio-vga-gl -display sdl,gl=on \
		-serial file:serial.log \
		-no-reboot \
		-no-shutdown
	@echo ""
	@echo "=== Performance tips ==="
	@echo "  - virtio-vga-gl: GPU accéléré (au lieu de bochs-display)"
	@echo "  - KVM: Accélération matérielle CPU"
	@echo "  - SDL+OpenGL: Rendu accéléré"
	@echo "  - Serial log: tail -f serial.log"

# Run QEMU fast sans KVM (pour machines virtuelles ou non-Linux)
run-qemu-fast-no-kvm: iso
	@echo "=== Starting QEMU with GPU acceleration (no KVM) ==="
	rm -f serial.log
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 4096M \
		-cpu qemu64 -smp 2 \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.fd \
		-drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.fd \
		-boot d -netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.2.0/24,dhcpstart=10.0.2.15,hostfwd=tcp::8080-:80 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk \
		-device virtio-vga-gl -display sdl,gl=on \
		-serial file:serial.log \
		-no-reboot \
		-no-shutdown

# Run avec capture de paquets (pour Wireshark)
run-pcap: iso
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 1024M \
		-netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.2.0/24,dhcpstart=10.0.2.15 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-object filter-dump,id=dump0,netdev=net0,file=alos-network.pcap
	@echo "Capture sauvée dans alos-network.pcap"

# Run avec TAP (paquets visibles sur l'hôte via Wireshark sur tap0)
# Prérequis: sudo ip tuntap add dev tap0 mode tap user $USER && sudo ip link set tap0 up
run-tap: iso
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 1024M \
		-netdev tap,id=net0,ifname=tap0,script=no,downscript=no \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk

# Run avec vmnet-shared (macOS uniquement - même réseau que l'hôte)
# Nécessite: brew install qemu (version avec vmnet support)
# Note: Peut nécessiter sudo ou des permissions spéciales
run-vmnet: iso
	sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 2048M \
		-netdev vmnet-shared,id=net0 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-d int,cpu_reset -no-reboot \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk

# Run avec socket multicast (pour debug local sans réseau externe)
run-socket: iso
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 1024M \
		-netdev socket,id=net0,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk

# Run avec UEFI (meilleur support framebuffer)
run-uefi: iso
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 256M \
		-bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd \
		-netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.2.0/24,dhcpstart=10.0.2.15 \
		-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 \
		-drive file=disk.img,format=raw,index=0,media=disk \
		-serial stdio

# Userland build
userland:
	$(MAKE) -C src/userland

# Staging directory for disk image (fs_root)
fs_root: disk_structure userland
	@echo "=== Preparing filesystem root ==="
	@rm -rf fs_root
	@mkdir -p fs_root
	@cp -r disk_structure/* fs_root/
	@mkdir -p fs_root/bin
	@cp -v src/userland/threads-test fs_root/bin/
	@cp -v src/userland/gui_app fs_root/bin/gui

# Créer une image de disque à partir de fs_root
disk.img: fs_root
	@echo "=== Creating disk image from fs_root ==="
	@rm -f disk.img
	@# Créer un fichier vide de 64MB
	@dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1M count=64 status=none
	@# Formater en ext2 et copier le contenu de fs_root
	@# -F forces to run on a file
	@# -d copies content from directory
	@mkfs.ext2 -F -d fs_root disk.img
	@chmod 644 disk.img
	@echo "=== Disk image created: disk.img (EXT2) ==="

# Debug avec QEMU (attend GDB sur port 1234)
debug: iso
	qemu-system-x86_64 -cdrom alos.iso -m 1024M -netdev user,id=net0 -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=net0 -s -S &
	@echo "QEMU lancé. Connectez GDB avec: target remote localhost:1234"