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<p>今天生产库上有个会话(Select 操作) 引起了我的注意，都运行两天了，还没结束，这个SQL关联查询两张表的数据，具体信息如下</p>
<h1 id="数据库和-OS-版本"><a href="#数据库和-OS-版本" class="headerlink" title="数据库和 OS 版本"></a>数据库和 OS 版本</h1><p>PostgreSQL版本: 8.4.3<br>OS: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.5</p>
<h1 id="查询数据库活动会话"><a href="#查询数据库活动会话" class="headerlink" title="查询数据库活动会话"></a>查询数据库活动会话</h1><figure class="highlight coq"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">db_skytf=# select procpid, usename,query_start,client_addr, client_port ,current_query ,waiting from pg_stat_activity <span class="keyword">where</span> current_query !='<IDLE>' ; </span><br><span class="line">procpid | <span class="type">usename</span> | <span class="type">query_start</span> | <span class="type">client_addr</span> | <span class="type">client_port</span> | <span class="type"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type"> current_query</span> | <span class="type">waiting</span> </span><br><span class="line">---------+----------+-------------------------------+---------------+-------------+------------------------------------ </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">15583</span> | <span class="type">postgres</span> | <span class="type">2011</span><span class="number">-04</span><span class="number">-26</span> <span class="number">15</span>:<span class="number">35</span>:<span class="number">48.909562</span>+<span class="number">08</span> | <span class="type">| -1</span> | <span class="type">select</span> procpid, usename,query_start,client_addr, </span><br><span class="line">client_port ,current_query ,waiting from pg_stat_activity <span class="keyword">where</span> current_query !='<IDLE>' ; | <span class="type">f</span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">1312</span> | <span class="type">skytf</span> | <span class="type">2011</span><span class="number">-04</span><span class="number">-24</span> <span class="number">13</span>:<span class="number">59</span>:<span class="number">49.318178</span>+<span class="number">08</span> | <span class="type">192</span><span class="number">.168</span>.x.xxx | <span class="type">34621</span> | <span class="type">SELECT</span> </span><br><span class="line"> | <span class="type">f</span> </span><br><span class="line"> : mrp.*,res.name <span class="built_in">as</span> displayname </span><br><span class="line"> : FROM </span><br><span class="line"> : skytf.tbl_app_mrp <span class="built_in">as</span> mrp,tbl_app_resource <span class="built_in">as</span> res </span><br><span class="line"> : <span class="keyword">where</span> mrp.appid=res.appid and </span><br><span class="line"> : mrp.status='<span class="number">1</span>' and res.status='<span class="number">1</span>' </span><br><span class="line"> : order <span class="built_in">by</span> id desc </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">2</span> rows)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>备注：反复执行上述查询几次，正是会话 1312 一直在执行， 根据 query_start，可以看出这个SQL已经跑了两天了。下面看下相关表信息，并看下这个SQL的执行计划。</p>
<h1 id="SQL-信息"><a href="#SQL-信息" class="headerlink" title="SQL 信息"></a>SQL 信息</h1><p>查看表大小<br><figure class="highlight routeros"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attribute">db_skytf</span>=> \dt+ tbl_app_mrp </span><br><span class="line"> List of relations </span><br><span class="line">Schema | Name |<span class="built_in"> Type </span>| Owner | Size | Description </span><br><span class="line">---------+-------------+-------+---------+--------+------------- </span><br><span class="line">skytf | tbl_app_mrp | table | skytf | 520 MB | </span><br><span class="line">(1 row)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attribute">db_skytf</span>=> \dt+ tbl_app_resource </span><br><span class="line"> List of relations </span><br><span class="line">Schema | Name |<span class="built_in"> Type </span>| Owner | Size | Description </span><br><span class="line">---------+------------------+-------+---------+-------+------------- </span><br><span class="line">skytf | tbl_app_resource | table | skytf | 24 kB | </span><br><span class="line">(1 row)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>从上面看出表不大。</p>
<h1 id="查看执行计划"><a href="#查看执行计划" class="headerlink" title="查看执行计划"></a>查看执行计划</h1><figure class="highlight nix"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">db_skytf=></span> explain SELECT </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> mrp.*,res.name as displayname </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> FROM skytf.tbl_app_mrp as mrp,tbl_app_resource as res </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> where mrp.<span class="attr">appid=res.appid</span> <span class="literal">and</span> </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> mrp.<span class="attr">status='1'</span> <span class="literal">and</span> res.<span class="attr">status='1'</span> ; </span><br><span class="line"> QUERY PLAN </span><br><span class="line">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- </span><br><span class="line">Hash Join (<span class="attr">cost=7.56..145797.09</span> <span class="attr">rows=2839643</span> <span class="attr">width=141)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Hash Cond: (mrp.<span class="attr">appid</span> = res.appid) </span><br><span class="line"> -> Seq Scan on tbl_app_mrp mrp (<span class="attr">cost=0.00..106744.44</span> <span class="attr">rows=2839643</span> <span class="attr">width=127)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Filter: (<span class="attr">status</span> = '<span class="number">1</span>'::bpchar) </span><br><span class="line"> -> Hash (<span class="attr">cost=5.29..5.29</span> <span class="attr">rows=182</span> <span class="attr">width=18)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> -> Seq Scan on tbl_app_resource res (<span class="attr">cost=0.00..5.29</span> <span class="attr">rows=182</span> <span class="attr">width=18)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Filter: (<span class="attr">status</span> = '<span class="number">1</span>'::bpchar) </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">7</span> rows)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">db_skytf=></span> explain analyze SELECT </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> mrp.*,res.name as displayname </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> FROM skytf.tbl_app_mrp as mrp,tbl_app_resource as res </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> where mrp.<span class="attr">appid=res.appid</span> <span class="literal">and</span> </span><br><span class="line">db_skytf-> mrp.<span class="attr">status='1'</span> <span class="literal">and</span> res.<span class="attr">status='1'</span> ; </span><br><span class="line"> QUERY PLAN </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ </span><br><span class="line">Hash Join (<span class="attr">cost=7.56..145797.09</span> <span class="attr">rows=2839643</span> <span class="attr">width=141)</span> (actual <span class="attr">time=0.270..3211.741</span> <span class="attr">rows=2799308</span> <span class="attr">loops=1)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Hash Cond: (mrp.<span class="attr">appid</span> = res.appid) </span><br><span class="line"> -> Seq Scan on tbl_app_mrp mrp (<span class="attr">cost=0.00..106744.44</span> <span class="attr">rows=2839643</span> <span class="attr">width=127)</span> (actual <span class="attr">time=0.043..1896.213</span> <span class="attr">rows=2799308</span> <span class="attr">loops=1)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Filter: (<span class="attr">status</span> = '<span class="number">1</span>'::bpchar) </span><br><span class="line"> -> Hash (<span class="attr">cost=5.29..5.29</span> <span class="attr">rows=182</span> <span class="attr">width=18)</span> (actual <span class="attr">time=0.187..0.187</span> <span class="attr">rows=184</span> <span class="attr">loops=1)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> -> Seq Scan on tbl_app_resource res (<span class="attr">cost=0.00..5.29</span> <span class="attr">rows=182</span> <span class="attr">width=18)</span> (actual <span class="attr">time=0.017..0.112</span> <span class="attr">rows=184</span> <span class="attr">loops=1)</span> </span><br><span class="line"> Filter: (<span class="attr">status</span> = '<span class="number">1</span>'::bpchar) </span><br><span class="line">Total runtime: <span class="number">3455.818</span> ms </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">8</span> rows)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>备注：从PLAN执行情况来看，执行时间还快的，3 秒钟左右就跑完了，但为什么 1312 的查询都跑了两天了，还没跑完，猜测进程可能僵死，于是决定将它Kill。</p>
<h1 id="杀会话"><a href="#杀会话" class="headerlink" title="杀会话"></a>杀会话</h1><figure class="highlight lisp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">db_skytf=# select pg_cancel_backend(<span class="number">1312</span>)<span class="comment">; </span></span><br><span class="line">pg_cancel_backend </span><br><span class="line">------------------- </span><br><span class="line"><span class="literal">t</span> </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> row)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>起初，使用 <code>pg_cancel_backend</code>, 返回结果为 true, 但发现 1312 会话依然还在下面接着使用 <code>pg_terminate_backend</code>看下效果。</p>
<figure class="highlight lisp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">db_skytf=# select pg_terminate_backend(<span class="number">1312</span>)<span class="comment">; </span></span><br><span class="line">pg_terminate_backend </span><br><span class="line">---------------------- </span><br><span class="line"><span class="literal">t</span> </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> row)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>再次查询数据库活动的会话<br><figure class="highlight coq"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">db_skytf=# select procpid, usename,query_start,client_addr, client_port ,current_query ,waiting from pg_stat_activity <span class="keyword">where</span> current_query !='<IDLE>' ; </span><br><span class="line">procpid | <span class="type">usename</span> | <span class="type">query_start</span> | <span class="type">client_addr</span> | <span class="type">client_port</span> | <span class="type"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type"> current_query</span> | <span class="type">waiting</span> </span><br><span class="line">---------+----------+-------------------------------+---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------- </span><br><span class="line">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------- </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">15583</span> | <span class="type">postgres</span> | <span class="type">2011</span><span class="number">-04</span><span class="number">-26</span> <span class="number">15</span>:<span class="number">35</span>:<span class="number">48.909562</span>+<span class="number">08</span> | <span class="type">| -1</span> | <span class="type">select</span> procpid, usename,query_start,client_addr, </span><br><span class="line">client_port ,current_query ,waiting from pg_stat_activity <span class="keyword">where</span> current_query !='<IDLE>' ; | <span class="type">f</span> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">1312</span> | <span class="type">skytf</span> | <span class="type">2011</span><span class="number">-04</span><span class="number">-24</span> <span class="number">13</span>:<span class="number">59</span>:<span class="number">49.318178</span>+<span class="number">08</span> | <span class="type">192</span><span class="number">.168</span>.x.xxx | <span class="type">34621</span> | <span class="type">SELECT</span> </span><br><span class="line"> | <span class="type">f</span> </span><br><span class="line"> : mrp.*,res.name <span class="built_in">as</span> displayname </span><br><span class="line"> : FROM </span><br><span class="line"> : skytf.tbl_app_mrp <span class="built_in">as</span> mrp,tbl_app_resource <span class="built_in">as</span> res </span><br><span class="line"> : <span class="keyword">where</span> mrp.appid=res.appid and </span><br><span class="line"> : mrp.status='<span class="number">1</span>' and res.status='<span class="number">1</span>' </span><br><span class="line"> : order <span class="built_in">by</span> id desc</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用 <code>pg_terminate_backend</code> 后，虽然结果也返回 t,但会话 1312 依然没被Kill, 好顽强的会话啊，要是这个库是 Oracle， 俺早使用 kill -9 结果它了，但这是 PostgreSQL 使用 kill -9 后果很严重。。。</p>
<h1 id="从-OS-层面分析"><a href="#从-OS-层面分析" class="headerlink" title="从 OS 层面分析"></a>从 OS 层面分析</h1><figure class="highlight less"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-attr">[postgres@skytf-db]</span>(<span class="attribute">mailto</span>:postgres<span class="variable">@skytf-db</span>)<span class="selector-tag">-</span>> <span class="selector-tag">ps</span> <span class="selector-tag">-ef</span> | <span class="selector-tag">grep</span> <span class="selector-tag">1312</span>; </span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">postgres</span> <span class="selector-tag">1312</span> <span class="selector-tag">3949</span> <span class="selector-tag">0</span> <span class="selector-tag">Jan01</span> ? <span class="selector-tag">00</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:41</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:55</span> <span class="selector-tag">postgres</span>: <span class="selector-tag">skytf</span> <span class="selector-tag">db_skytf</span> <span class="selector-tag">192</span><span class="selector-class">.168</span><span class="selector-class">.x</span><span class="selector-class">.xxx</span>(<span class="number">34621</span>) <span class="selector-tag">SELECT</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">postgres</span> <span class="selector-tag">15354</span> <span class="selector-tag">15105</span> <span class="selector-tag">0</span> <span class="selector-tag">15</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:16</span> <span class="selector-tag">pts</span>/<span class="selector-tag">4</span> <span class="selector-tag">00</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:00</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:00</span> <span class="selector-tag">grep</span> <span class="selector-tag">1312</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>备注：怀疑 1312 进程可能已经僵死，于是让应用人员检查。</p>
<p>应用主机(192.168.x.xxx)查看进程<br><figure class="highlight less"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">netstat</span> <span class="selector-tag">-anp</span>|<span class="selector-tag">grep</span> <span class="selector-tag">34621</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">tcp</span> <span class="selector-tag">3216507</span> <span class="selector-tag">0</span> <span class="selector-pseudo">::ffff</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:192.168.x.xxx</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:34621</span> <span class="selector-pseudo">::ffff</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:192.168.1.102</span><span class="selector-pseudo">:1921</span> <span class="selector-tag">ESTABLISHED</span> <span class="selector-tag">4187</span>/<span class="selector-tag">java</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>备注：应用人员发现些进程无异常，后来建议将这进程杀掉，在通过应用人员将这个进程杀掉后， 1312 会话终于被干掉了。</p>
<h1 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h1><p>有些SQL在通过 <code>pg_cancel_backend</code> 和 <code>pg_terminate_backen</code> 也未能 Kill 的情况下，建议联系应用人员 kill 对应的应用进程。</p>
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