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<p>今天学习了下postgres 的statpack 功能，设置PG的statpack功能需要下载一个包,并安装;PG的statspack功能和Oracle 的Statspack功能相似，用来统计一个时间段内数据库的运行指标只是PG 的statpack报告内容相比Oracle的没有那么详尽,下面介绍下PG statspack安装和使用过程。</p>
<h1 id="安装-pgstatspack"><a href="#安装-pgstatspack" class="headerlink" title="安装 pgstatspack"></a>安装 pgstatspack</h1><p>1.1 下载 pgstatspack tar包 ，下载地址<br><a href="http://pgfoundry.org/frs/?group_id=1000375&release_id=1321" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://pgfoundry.org/frs/?group_id=1000375&release_id=1321</a><br>我下载的是pgstatspack_version_2.1.tar.gz, 是目前的最新版本;</p>
<p>1.2 创建一个超级用户，如果使用postgres用户，则不用新建；</p>
<p>1.3 开始安装,执行脚本 install_pgstats.sh (以postgres OS用户执行脚本)<br><figure class="highlight jboss-cli"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">cd</span> pgstatspack的解压目录 </span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">./install_pgstats.sh</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>这个脚本将在各个数据库(postgres.templates库除外)上安装统计信息表和函数;</p>
<p>1.4 创建 snapshot,有两种方式: </p>
<p>方式一： 手工方式创建 snapshot<br><figure class="highlight sqf"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Snapshot <span class="keyword">with</span> <span class="built_in">comment</span>: </span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">select</span> pgstatspack_snap(<span class="string">'my comment'</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>方式二：crontab 方式自动创建 snapshots </p>
<p>以下是我本机的crontab,每15分钟创建一个snapshot<br><figure class="highlight awk"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#Automated snapshots every 15 mins </span></span><br><span class="line">*<span class="regexp">/15 * * * * /</span>home<span class="regexp">/postgres/</span>pgstatspack<span class="regexp">/bin/</span>snapshot.sh <span class="number">1</span> > <span class="regexp">/home/</span>postgres<span class="regexp">/pgstatspack/</span>log<span class="regexp">/1.log 2>&1</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1 id="生成报表"><a href="#生成报表" class="headerlink" title="生成报表"></a>生成报表</h1><figure class="highlight vim"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">cd</span> pgstatspack的解压目录/bin </span><br><span class="line">./pgstatspack_report.<span class="keyword">sh</span> <span class="symbol"><username></span> <span class="symbol"><database></span> </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_report.<span class="keyword">sh</span> -<span class="keyword">u</span> postgres -d mydb</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行这个脚本后，就会提示输入begin snapid,end snapid,这里和生成Oracle 的statspack报告内似; 这个脚本生成的报告默认是在/tmp目录下，可以修改下这个脚本，将目录生成在指定目录<br><figure class="highlight routeros"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi pgstatspack_report.sh,修改FILENAME变量即为报告存放目录。 </span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">..</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attribute">FILENAME</span>=/home/postgres/pgstatspack/report/pgstatreport_${CUR_DATE}_<span class="variable">${STARTSNAP}</span>_<span class="variable">${STOPSNAP}</span>.txt </span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">..</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1 id="报告内容"><a href="#报告内容" class="headerlink" title="报告内容"></a>报告内容</h1><figure class="highlight coq"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">napshot information </span><br><span class="line">Begin snapshot : </span><br><span class="line">snapid | <span class="type">ts</span> | <span class="type">description</span> </span><br><span class="line">--------+----------------------------+--------------------- </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">4</span> | <span class="type">2010</span><span class="number">-08</span><span class="number">-07</span> <span class="number">04</span>:<span class="number">36</span>:<span class="number">38.303123</span> | <span class="type">cron</span> based snapshot </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> 行)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">End</span> snapshot : </span><br><span class="line">snapid | <span class="type">ts</span> | <span class="type">description</span> </span><br><span class="line">--------+----------------------------+--------------------- </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="number">5</span> | <span class="type">2010</span><span class="number">-08</span><span class="number">-07</span> <span class="number">04</span>:<span class="number">51</span>:<span class="number">33.874608</span> | <span class="type">cron</span> based snapshot </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> 行)</span><br><span class="line">Seconds <span class="built_in">in</span> snapshot: <span class="number">895.571485</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">Database version </span><br><span class="line"> version </span><br><span class="line">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- </span><br><span class="line">PostgreSQL <span class="number">9.0</span>beta3 on i686-pc-linux-gnu, compiled <span class="built_in">by</span> GCC gcc (GCC) <span class="number">4.1</span><span class="number">.2</span> <span class="number">20080704</span> (Red Hat <span class="number">4.1</span><span class="number">.2</span><span class="number">-48</span>), <span class="number">32</span>-bit </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> 行)</span><br><span class="line">current_database | <span class="type">dbsize</span> </span><br><span class="line">------------------+-------- </span><br><span class="line">mydb | <span class="type">29</span> MB </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">1</span> 行)</span><br><span class="line">Database statistics </span><br><span class="line"> database | <span class="type">tps</span> | <span class="type">hitrate</span> | <span class="type">lio_ps</span> | <span class="type">pio_ps</span> | <span class="type">rollbk_ps</span> </span><br><span class="line">---------------+-------+---------+----------+--------+----------- </span><br><span class="line">mydb | <span class="type">75</span><span class="number">.10</span> | <span class="type">99</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">11420</span><span class="number">.30</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.35</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> </span><br><span class="line">template1 | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.03</span> | <span class="type">99</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">2</span><span class="number">.03</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> </span><br><span class="line">postgres | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.03</span> | <span class="type">99</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">2</span><span class="number">.03</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> </span><br><span class="line">template0 | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> | <span class="type">0</span><span class="number">.00</span> </span><br><span class="line">(<span class="number">4</span> 行)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>注意： 以下是报告的部分内容, 详细内容可以参照报告模板，解压包的目录下有份报告模板 pgstatspack_sample_report.txt。</p>
<h1 id="报告字段解释"><a href="#报告字段解释" class="headerlink" title="报告字段解释"></a>报告字段解释</h1><blockquote>
<p>tps - transactions per second<br>Number of committed transactions between snapshots, devided by the number of seconds between the two snapshots.<br>pg_stat_database.xact_commit - number of committed transactions<br>hitrate : cache命中率<br>Number of cache reads as a percentage of the total number of reads (cache and physical) between the two snapshots.<br>pg_stat_database.blks_hit - cache reads<br>pg_stat_database.blks_read - physical reads<br>lio_ps: 逻辑读<br>Number of logical reads between snapshots, devided by the number of seconds between the two snapshots.<br>Logical reads is in postgresql the number of physical reads + the number of cache reads.<br>pg_stat_database.blks_hit - cache reads<br>pg_stat_database.blks_read - physical reads<br>pio_ps: 物理读<br>Number of physical reads between snapshots, devided by the number of seconds between the two snapshots.<br>pg_stat_database.blks_read - physical reads<br>rollbk_ps<br>Number of rollbacks between snapshots, devided by the number of seconds between the two snapshots.<br>pg_stat_database.xact_rollback</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="Pgstatspack-相关表"><a href="#Pgstatspack-相关表" class="headerlink" title="Pgstatspack 相关表"></a>Pgstatspack 相关表</h1><figure class="highlight nginx"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attribute">pgstatspack_snap</span> </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_database </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_tables </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_indexes </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_sequences </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspack_settings </span><br><span class="line">pgstatspackid</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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