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PostgreSQL Learning Guide

Introduction

This folder contains learning materials for the PostgreSQL relational database management system. You can learn step by step from SQL basics to advanced features and operations.

Target Audience: SQL beginners ~ intermediate learners, backend developers

Learning Roadmap

[Basics]              [Intermediate]           [Advanced]
  │                       │                        │
  ▼                       ▼                        ▼
PostgreSQL Basics ──▶ JOIN ───────────▶ Functions/Procedures
  │                       │                        │
  ▼                       ▼                        ▼
DB Management ────────▶ Aggregation ──────▶ Transactions
  │                       │                        │
  ▼                       ▼                        ▼
Tables/Types ─────────▶ Subqueries/CTE ───▶ Triggers
  │                       │                        │
  ▼                       ▼                        ▼
CRUD Basics ──────────▶ Views & Indexes ───▶ Backup/Operations
  │
  ▼
Conditions & Sorting

Prerequisites

  • Basic computer skills
  • Terminal/command line experience
  • (Optional) Basic Docker knowledge

File List

File Difficulty Key Topics
01_PostgreSQL_Basics.md ⭐ Concepts, installation, psql basics
02_Database_Management.md ⭐ DB creation/deletion, users, permissions
03_Tables_and_Data_Types.md ⭐⭐ CREATE TABLE, data types, constraints
04_CRUD_Basics.md ⭐ SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
05_Conditions_and_Sorting.md ⭐⭐ WHERE, ORDER BY, LIMIT
06_JOIN.md ⭐⭐ INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL JOIN
07_Aggregation_and_Grouping.md ⭐⭐ COUNT, SUM, GROUP BY, HAVING
08_Subqueries_and_CTE.md ⭐⭐⭐ Subqueries, WITH clause
09_Views_and_Indexes.md ⭐⭐⭐ VIEW, INDEX, EXPLAIN
10_Functions_and_Procedures.md ⭐⭐⭐ PL/pgSQL, user-defined functions
11_Transactions.md ⭐⭐⭐ ACID, BEGIN, COMMIT, isolation levels
12_Triggers.md ⭐⭐⭐ Trigger creation and usage
13_Backup_and_Operations.md ⭐⭐⭐⭐ pg_dump, monitoring, operations
14_JSON_JSONB.md ⭐⭐⭐ JSON operators, indexing, schema validation
15_Query_Optimization.md ⭐⭐⭐⭐ EXPLAIN ANALYZE, index strategies
16_Replication_HA.md ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Streaming replication, logical replication, failover
17_Window_Functions.md ⭐⭐⭐ OVER, ROW_NUMBER, RANK, LEAD/LAG
18_Table_Partitioning.md ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Range/List/Hash partitioning
19_Full_Text_Search.md ⭐⭐⭐ tsvector/tsquery, GIN index, ranking, pg_trgm
20_Security_Access_Control.md ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Roles, RLS, pg_hba.conf, SSL, audit logging

Recommended Learning Order

Beginner (SQL Introduction)

  1. PostgreSQL Basics → DB Management → Tables/Types → CRUD → Conditions/Sorting

Intermediate (Data Analysis)

  1. JOIN → Aggregation & Grouping → Subqueries/CTE → Views & Indexes

Advanced (DBA/Backend)

  1. Functions/Procedures → Transactions → Triggers → Backup/Operations

Expert (Specialist)

  1. JSON/JSONB → Query Optimization → Window Functions → Partitioning → Full-Text Search → Security → Replication & HA

Practice Environment

Docker (Recommended)

# Run PostgreSQL container
docker run --name postgres-study \
  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mypassword \
  -p 5432:5432 \
  -d postgres:16

# Connect with psql
docker exec -it postgres-study psql -U postgres

macOS (Homebrew)

brew install postgresql@16
brew services start postgresql@16
psql postgres

Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)

sudo apt update
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
sudo -u postgres psql

Basic psql Commands

Command Description
\l List databases
\c dbname Connect to database
\dt List tables
\d tablename Describe table structure
\q Quit psql

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