From 5e6647e3aeb6dbc8cba71d7b6517505c86472257 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ian Katz
- The following persons/companies deserve special thanks from us as they made a significant contribution to the development of SheepShaver: SheepShaver is available under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
-See the file "COPYING" that is included in the distribution for details.
-
- © Copyright 1997-2004 Christian Bauer and Marc Hellwig
-
- Names of hardware and software items mentioned in this manual and
-in program texts are in most cases registered trade marks of the respective
-companies and not marked as such. So the lack of such a note may not be
-used as an indication that these names are free.
-
- SheepShaver is not designed, intended, or authorized for use as a component
-in systems intended for surgical implant within the body, or other applications intended
-to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of SheepShaver
-could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur (so-called "killer application").
-
- SheepShaver was brought to you by SheepShaver is available under the terms of the GNU General Public License. See the file "COPYING" that is included in the distribution for details. © Copyright 1997-2004 Christian Bauer and Marc Hellwig Names of hardware and software items mentioned in this manual and in program texts are in most cases registered trade marks of the respective companies and not marked as such. So the lack of such a note may not be used as an indication that these names are free. SheepShaver is not designed, intended, or authorized for use as a component in systems intended for surgical implant within the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of SheepShaver could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur (so-called "killer application"). You need at least a 2.2.x kernel, glibc 2.1 and GTK+ 1.2. Earlier versions will not work. SheepShaver is a MacOS run-time environment for Linux that allows you
to run MacOS applications at native speed inside the Linux multitasking
environment on PowerPC-based Linux systems. This means that both Linux
and MacOS applications can run at the same time and data can be exchanged
-between them.
-
- SheepShaver is neither a MacOS replacement nor an emulator. It runs an
+between them. SheepShaver is neither a MacOS replacement nor an emulator. It runs an
unmodified PowerPC MacOS under control of Linux at full speed without any
kind of emulation. So it also uses the MacOS 68k emulator to run 68k
applications. In this way, SheepShaver is comparable to the "Blue Box" of
-Apple's Rhapsody operating system.
-
-Acknowledgements
-
-The following persons/companies deserve special thanks from us as they
-made a significant contribution to the development of SheepShaver:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+Acknowledgements
+
+
+
+
+
+
From 9011644a87dcc6c0238d67c12befaa8c55a03dac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Reto Kromer Contact Information and Copyright
-
-SheepShaver was brought to you by
-
-
-
-
-
SheepShaver WWW Site:
-www.sheepshaver.com
-
-
-EMail:
-
-sheep@sheepshaver.com
-
-
-License
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+Contact Information and Copyright
+
+
+
+
SheepShaver WWW Site:
+www.sheepshaver.com
+
+EMail:
+
+sheep@sheepshaver.com
+
+License
+
+
+
+
From c7ff10ee7a11352a0e628bf02f99517d4a78171f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Reto Kromer SheepShaver Revision History
-
-V2.2 (04-Feb-2002)
-
-
-
-V2.1 (31-Mar-2001)
-
-
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+SheepShaver Revision History
+V2.2 (2002-02-04)
+
+
+V2.1 (2001-03-31)
+
+
+
+
+
+
From e18312f319a8d4f0cdf5d3ba09205d2fa42eda49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Reto Kromer
-
-
SheepShaver V2.2 Installation and User's Guide (Linux)Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
SheepShaver V2.2 Installation and User's Guide (Linux)Contents
+
+
+
+
From aae5349879a67aa48710b4bc54f61fa56910ee9d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Reto Kromer Installation
-
-You need at least a 2.2.x kernel, glibc 2.1 and GTK+ 1.2. Earlier versions will not work.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+Installation
+
+
+
+
+
+
From 67e58423b07b703b7820454c99a278004dcc491e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Reto Kromer Introduction
-
-SheepShaver is a MacOS run-time environment for Linux that allows you
+
+
+
+
+Introduction
+Some of SheepShaver's features:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SheepShaver User's Guide
-
-
-
+Apple's Rhapsody operating system.
-
In fullscreen mode, press Ctrl-Tab to suspend SheepShaver and return to the + + +
+ +The following is a step-by-step guide that shows you how to get SheepShaver up and running in the quickest possible way. We assume that you are running on a PowerMac that already has MacOS installed on a partition of your hard drive and that you have booted into Linux.
+When SheepShaver hangs or crashes in fullscreen mode, pressing Ctrl-Esc should quit it and restore the display.
+In fullscreen mode, press Ctrl-Tab to suspend SheepShaver and return to the normal X11 destop. Press space inside the "SheepShaver suspended" window to -reactivate it. - -
Volumes which are used by SheepShaver must not also be mounted under Linux +while SheepShaver is running. You will lose data and corrupt the +volume if you do this!
+The settings are divided into four groups: Volumes, Graphics/Sound, Serial/Network and Memory/Misc. - -
-
-The main part of the volumes pane is a list that contains all volumes to be mounted -by SheepShaver. If this list is empty, SheepShaver will try to detect and mount all -HFS partitions it can find. A CD-ROM drive is always automatically detected and used. - -
SheepShaver can use HFS partitions, whole HFS formatted drives, and it can also -emulate hard disks in single Linux files ("hardfiles"). - -
To add a Mac volume to the list, click on "Add...", go to the "/dev" directory -in the file panel, click once on the partition you want and click on "OK". The selected -partition device name should then appear in the volume list. After adding volumes to -the list, you should unmount them on the Linux side. To remove a Mac volume, select it -in the list and click on "Remove". - -
You can create a new, empty hardfile by clicking on "Create...". Enter the file -name and the size of the hardfile and click on "Create". The hardfile will be created (this may -take some seconds) and added to the volume list. The so-created hardfile will have to be -formatted under MacOS before you can store something in it. If you start up SheepShaver, -the Finder will display a message about an "unreadable" volume being found and give you the -option to format it. - -
Double-clicking on an entry in the volume list will add or remove a "*" in front of the -device name. Volumes marked with a "*" are read-only for the MacOS under SheepShaver. - -
SheepShaver will show a "Linux" disk icon on the Mac desktop that allows access to Linux -files from Mac applications. In "Linux Root" you specify which Linux directory will -be at the root of this virtual "Linux" disk. The default setting of "/" means that the -"Linux" icon in the MacOS Finder will correspond to your Linux root directory. The MacOS -will try to create files and folders like "Desktop", "Trash", "OpenFolderListDF" etc. -in the directory you specify as "Linux Root" (provided that you have access rights -to that directory). If they annoy you, you can delete them. - -
To boot from CD-ROM, set the "Boot From" setting to "CD-ROM". -The "Disable CD-ROM Driver" box is used to disable SheepShaver's built-in CD-ROM driver. -This is currently of not much use and you should leave the box unselected. - -
-
-With "Window Refresh Rate" you can set the refresh rate of the MacOS window. -Higher rates mean faster screen updates and less "sluggish" behaviour, but also require more CPU time. - -
The "Enabled Video Modes" controls allow you to select which graphics modes -are available for displaying the MacOS desktop. You can, for example, disable the window modes -when you want to run some Mac programs in full-screen mode that would otherwise erroneously -switch to a window mode. If your X server doesn't support DGA you should disable the Fullscreen -mode. The actual mode to be used is selected in the "Monitors" control panel under MacOS. The -color depth is always that of the X11 screen and cannot be changed. - -
The "Disable Sound Output" box allows you to disable all sound output by SheepShaver. -This is useful if the sound takes too much CPU time on your machine or to get rid of warning -messages if SheepShaver can't use your audio hardware. - -
-
-You can select to which devices the MacOS modem and printer ports are redirected. -You can assign them to any serial ports you have (/dev/ttyS*), or even to parallel -ports (/dev/lp*, useful for printing if you have Mac drivers for parallel printers, -like the PowerPrint package from www.gdt.com). - -
With "Ethernet Interface" you select which Ethernet card is to be used for -networking. It can either be the name of a real Ethernet card (e.g. "eth0") or of an ethertap -interface (e.g. "tap0"). Using a real Ethernet card requires the "sheep_net" driver to be installed -and accessible. See Using SheepShaver for more -information about setting up networking. - -
-
-With "MacOS RAM Size" you select how much RAM will be available to the MacOS -(and all MacOS applications running under it). SheepShaver uses the Linux virtual memory system, -so you can select more RAM than you physically have in your machine. The MacOS virtual memory -system is not available under SheepShaver (i.e. if you have 32MB of RAM in your computer and -select 64MB to be used for MacOS in the SheepShaver settings, MacOS will behave as if it's running on -a computer that has 64MB of RAM but no virtual memory). - -
"ROM File" specifies the path name of the Mac ROM file to be used. If it is left -blank, SheepShaver expects the ROM file to be called "ROM" and be in the same directory as -the SheepShaver application. - -
The "Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses" option is there to make some broken Mac -programs work that access addresses where there is no RAM or ROM. With this option unchecked, -SheepShaver will in this case display an error message and quit. When the option is activated, -SheepShaver will try to continue as if the illegal access never happened (writes are ignored, reads -return 0). This may or may not make the program work (when a program performs an illegal access, -it is most likely that something else went wrong). When a Mac program behaves strangely or hangs, -you can quit SheepShaver, uncheck this option and retry. If you get an "illegal access" message, -you will know that something is broken. - -
In the "SheepShaver Settings" window that pops up when you start SheepShaver, you can configure certain features of SheepShaver. When you click on "Start", the current settings are saved to disk and will be available next time you start SheepShaver.
+The settings are divided into four groups: Volumes, Graphics/Sound, Serial/Network and Memory/Misc.
+
+The main part of the volumes pane is a list that contains all volumes to be mounted by SheepShaver. If this list is empty, SheepShaver will try to detect and mount all HFS partitions it can find. A CD-ROM drive is always automatically detected and used.
+SheepShaver can use HFS partitions, whole HFS formatted drives, and it can also emulate hard disks in single Linux files ("hardfiles").
+To add a Mac volume to the list, click on "Add...", go to the "/dev" directory in the file panel, click once on the partition you want and click on "OK". The selected partition device name should then appear in the volume list. After adding volumes to the list, you should unmount them on the Linux side. To remove a Mac volume, select it in the list and click on "Remove".
+You can create a new, empty hardfile by clicking on "Create...". Enter the file name and the size of the hardfile and click on "Create". The hardfile will be created (this may take some seconds) and added to the volume list. The so-created hardfile will have to be formatted under MacOS before you can store something in it. If you start up SheepShaver, the Finder will display a message about an "unreadable" volume being found and give you the option to format it.
+Double-clicking on an entry in the volume list will add or remove a "*" in front of the device name. Volumes marked with a "*" are read-only for the MacOS under SheepShaver.
+SheepShaver will show a "Linux" disk icon on the Mac desktop that allows access to Linux files from Mac applications. In "Linux Root" you specify which Linux directory will be at the root of this virtual "Linux" disk. The default setting of "/" means that the "Linux" icon in the MacOS Finder will correspond to your Linux root directory. The MacOS will try to create files and folders like "Desktop", "Trash", "OpenFolderListDF" etc. in the directory you specify as "Linux Root" (provided that you have access rights to that directory). If they annoy you, you can delete them.
+To boot from CD-ROM, set the "Boot From" setting to "CD-ROM". +The "Disable CD-ROM Driver" box is used to disable SheepShaver's built-in CD-ROM driver. This is currently of not much use and you should leave the box unselected.
+
+With "Window Refresh Rate" you can set the refresh rate of the MacOS window. Higher rates mean faster screen updates and less "sluggish" behaviour, but also require more CPU time.
+The "Enabled Video Modes" controls allow you to select which graphics modes are available for displaying the MacOS desktop. You can, for example, disable the window modes when you want to run some Mac programs in full-screen mode that would otherwise erroneously switch to a window mode. If your X server doesn't support DGA you should disable the Fullscreen mode. The actual mode to be used is selected in the "Monitors" control panel under MacOS. The color depth is always that of the X11 screen and cannot be changed.
+The "Disable Sound Output" box allows you to disable all sound output by SheepShaver. This is useful if the sound takes too much CPU time on your machine or to get rid of warning messages if SheepShaver can't use your audio hardware.
+
+You can select to which devices the MacOS modem and printer ports are redirected. You can assign them to any serial ports you have (/dev/ttyS*), or even to parallel ports (/dev/lp*, useful for printing if you have Mac drivers for parallel printers, like the PowerPrint package from www.gdt.com).
+With "Ethernet Interface" you select which Ethernet card is to be used for networking. It can either be the name of a real Ethernet card (e.g. "eth0") or of an ethertap interface (e.g. "tap0"). Using a real Ethernet card requires the "sheep_net" driver to be installed and accessible. See Using SheepShaver for more information about setting up networking.
+
+With "MacOS RAM Size" you select how much RAM will be available to the MacOS (and all MacOS applications running under it). SheepShaver uses the Linux virtual memory system, so you can select more RAM than you physically have in your machine. The MacOS virtual memory system is not available under SheepShaver (i.e. if you have 32MB of RAM in your computer and select 64MB to be used for MacOS in the SheepShaver settings, MacOS will behave as if it's running on a computer that has 64MB of RAM but no virtual memory).
+"ROM File" specifies the path name of the Mac ROM file to be used. If it is left blank, SheepShaver expects the ROM file to be called "ROM" and be in the same directory as the SheepShaver application.
+The "Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses" option is there to make some broken Mac programs work that access addresses where there is no RAM or ROM. With this option unchecked, SheepShaver will in this case display an error message and quit. When the option is activated, SheepShaver will try to continue as if the illegal access never happened (writes are ignored, reads return 0). This may or may not make the program work (when a program performs an illegal access, it is most likely that something else went wrong). When a Mac program behaves strangely or hangs, you can quit SheepShaver, uncheck this option and retry. If you get an "illegal access" message, you will know that something is broken.
+SheepShaver should boot all MacOS versions >=7.5.2, except MacOS X. However, your mileage may vary. If it doesn't boot, try again with extensions disabled (by pressing the shift key) and then remove some of these extensions: "MacOS Licensing Extension", Speed Doubler, 68k FPU extensions and MacsBug.
+If you're running SheepShaver on a something other than a PowerMac, it may be that 16 or 32 bit graphics modes show false colors due to the frame buffer being little-endian. Apart from patching the X server, there's unfortunately nothing that you or SheepShaver can do about this.
+Some X servers on Linux PPC don't support DGA and full-screen mode cannot be used with these (in this case, you should disable it in the "Graphics" settings). If you are seeing a message like "cannot map /dev/kmem (permission denied)", you have to either run SheepShaver as root (not recommended) or give yourself appropriate access rights to /dev/kmem if you can login as root.
+Try the "Zap PRAM File" item in the main menu of the SheepShaver preferences editor. When you are using a ROM file and switching to a different ROM version, you have to zap the PRAM file or SheepShaver might behave very weird.
+devices/net/ethertap.c
-a bit before compiling the new kernel:
-
-#define CONFIG_ETHERTAP_MC 1 near the top (after the #include lines)
-dev->flags|=IFF_NOARP; in ethertap_probe()
-
-Next, see /usr/src/linux/Documentation/networking/ethertap.txt for
-information on how to set up /dev/tap* device nodes and activate the
-ethertap interface. Under MacOS, select an IP address that is on the
-virtual network and set the default gateway to the IP address of the
-ethertap interface. This approach will let you access all networks
-that your Linux box has access to (especially, if your Linux box has
-a dial-up Internet connection and is configured for IP masquerading,
-you can access the Internet from MacOS). The drawback is that you
-can only use network protocols that Linux can route, so you have to
-install and configure netatalk if you want to use AppleTalk. Here is
-an example /etc/atalk/atalkd.conf for a LAN:
-
-
+ + + + ++Using SheepShaver + + +Using SheepShaver
+Changing the display mode
+SheepShaver can display the MacOS user interface in an X11 window or full-screen (much faster). You select the display mode as usual under MacOS in the "Monitors" control panel (under System 7.x, click on "Options"). The "75Hz" modes are full-screen modes, the "60Hz" modes are window modes (this doesn't mean that the video refresh rate is 75 or 60Hz in the respective modes; the rate displayed has no meaning; it's simply there to distinguish full screen modes from window modes).
+Full-screen mode
+The full-screen mode uses the whole X11 screen for displaying the MacOS user interface. You can temporarily switch back to the X11 desktop by pressing Ctrl-Tab. The MacOS (and all MacOS applications) will now be suspended. You can resume SheepShaver by activating the "SheepShaver suspended" window and pressing the space key. Using full-screen mode requires a DGA capable X server.
+Networking
+There are three approaches to networking with SheepShaver:
++
- -- Direct access to an Ethernet card via the "sheep_net" driver. In this case, the "ethernet card description" must be the name of a real Ethernet card, e.g. "eth0". It also requires the "sheep_net" driver to be installed and accessible. This approach will allow you to run all networking protocols under MacOS (TCP/IP, AppleTalk, IPX etc.) but there is no connection between Linux networking and MacOS networking. MacOS will only be able to talk to other machines on the Ethernet, but not to other networks that your Linux box routes (e.g. a second Ethernet or a PPP connection to the Internet).
+- +
Putting SheepShaver on a virtual Ethernet via the "ethertap" device. In this case, the "ethernet card description" must be the name of an ethertap interface, e.g. "tap0". It also requires that you configure your kernel to enable routing and the ethertap device: under "Networking options", enable "Kernel/User netlink socket" and "Netlink device emulation", under "Network device support", activate "Ethertap network tap". You also have to modify
+devices/net/ethertap.ca bit before compiling the new kernel:+
+- insert
+#define CONFIG_ETHERTAP_MC 1near the top (after the#includelines)- comment out the line
+dev->flags|=IFF_NOARP;inethertap_probe()Next, see
+/usr/src/linux/Documentation/networking/ethertap.txtfor information on how to set up/dev/tap*device nodes and activate the ethertap interface. Under MacOS, select an IP address that is on the virtual network and set the default gateway to the IP address of the ethertap interface. This approach will let you access all networks that your Linux box has access to (especially, if your Linux box has a dial-up Internet connection and is configured for IP masquerading, you can access the Internet from MacOS). The drawback is that you can only use network protocols that Linux can route, so you have to install and configure netatalk if you want to use AppleTalk. Here is an example/etc/atalk/atalkd.conffor a LAN:eth0 -seed -phase 2 -net 1 -addr 1.47 -zone "Ethernet" tap0 -seed -phase 2 -net 2 -addr 2.47 -zone "Sheepnet" -- -(the "47" is an arbitrary node number). This will set up a zone -"Ethernet" (net 1) for the Ethernet and a zone "Sheepnet" (net 2) -for the internal network connection of the ethertap interface. -MacOS should automatically recognize the nets and zones upon startup. -If you are in an existing AppleTalk network, you should contact -your network administrator about the nets and zones you can use -(instead of the ones given in the example above). - -- Networking protocols for serial connections (PPP and SLIP, for example) -can be used provided that you have the appropriate MacOS system components -installed (e.g. Open Transport/PPP). -
Using floppy disks
- -Floppy disks are not automatically detected when they are inserted. They have to be -mounted explicitly: after inserting a floppy disk, press Ctrl-F1. - -Accessing Linux files
- -SheepShaver will display a "Linux" disk icon on the Mac desktop that allows you -to access any Linux files which are in the directory specified as "Linux Root" -in the "Volumes" pane of the SheepShaver settings. You can open and save files on the -"Linux" disk from Mac applications, copy, move or rename files from the Finder etc. -SheepShaver translates some file name extensions to MacOS types and vice versa, -so e.g. *.jpg and *.pdf files will show the correct icons in the Finder. MacOS -resources and Finder attributes are stored in hidden.rsrcand -.finfdirectories. - -Copying text via the clipboard
- -SheepShaver tries to keep the Linux and MacOS clipboards synchronized. That means, -when you copy a piece of text under Linux, you can paste it into a MacOS application -and vice versa. - -
- -SheepShaver User's Guide - - - +
(the "47" is an arbitrary node number). This will set up a zone "Ethernet" (net 1) for the Ethernet and a zone "Sheepnet" (net 2) for the internal network connection of the ethertap interface. MacOS should automatically recognize the nets and zones upon startup. If you are in an existing AppleTalk network, you should contact your network administrator about the nets and zones you can use (instead of the ones given in the example above).
+Floppy disks are not automatically detected when they are inserted. They have to be mounted explicitly: after inserting a floppy disk, press Ctrl-F1.
+SheepShaver will display a "Linux" disk icon on the Mac desktop that allows you to access any Linux files which are in the directory specified as "Linux Root" in the "Volumes" pane of the SheepShaver settings. You can open and save files on the "Linux" disk from Mac applications, copy, move or rename files from the Finder etc. SheepShaver translates some file name extensions to MacOS types and vice versa, so e.g. *.jpg and *.pdf files will show the correct icons in the Finder. MacOS resources and Finder attributes are stored in hidden .rsrc and .finf directories.
SheepShaver tries to keep the Linux and MacOS clipboards synchronized. That means, when you copy a piece of text under Linux, you can paste it into a MacOS application and vice versa.
+SheepShaver is a MacOS run-time environment for Linux that allows you -to run MacOS applications at native speed inside the Linux multitasking -environment on PowerPC-based Linux systems. This means that both Linux -and MacOS applications can run at the same time and data can be exchanged -between them.
-SheepShaver is neither a MacOS replacement nor an emulator. It runs an -unmodified PowerPC MacOS under control of Linux at full speed without any -kind of emulation. So it also uses the MacOS 68k emulator to run 68k -applications. In this way, SheepShaver is comparable to the "Blue Box" of -Apple's Rhapsody operating system.
+SheepShaver is a MacOS run-time environment for Linux that allows you to run MacOS applications at native speed inside the Linux multitasking environment on PowerPC-based Linux systems. This means that both Linux and MacOS applications can run at the same time and data can be exchanged between them.
+SheepShaver is neither a MacOS replacement nor an emulator. It runs an unmodified PowerPC MacOS under control of Linux at full speed without any kind of emulation. So it also uses the MacOS 68k emulator to run 68k applications. In this way, SheepShaver is comparable to the "Blue Box" of Apple's Rhapsody operating system.
When SheepShaver hangs or crashes in fullscreen mode, pressing Ctrl-Esc should quit it and restore the display.
-In fullscreen mode, press Ctrl-Tab to suspend SheepShaver and return to the -normal X11 destop. Press space inside the "SheepShaver suspended" window to -reactivate it.
+In fullscreen mode, press Ctrl-Tab to suspend SheepShaver and return to the normal X11 destop. Press space inside the "SheepShaver suspended" window to reactivate it.
Volumes which are used by SheepShaver must not also be mounted under Linux while SheepShaver is running. You will lose data and corrupt the