Remove deprecated imagedestroy() calls for PHP 8.5 compatibility

imagedestroy() has had no effect since PHP 8.0 (GD resources are now
objects freed by the GC) and is formally deprecated in PHP 8.5.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: Carlos Garcia

Core/Model/AttachedFile.php

@@ -325,7 +325,6 @@ protected function stripImageMetadata(string $filePath, string $mimeType): void
                 $image = @imagecreatefromjpeg($filePath);
                 if ($image) {
                     imagejpeg($image, $filePath, 95);
-                    imagedestroy($image);
                 }
                 break;
 
@@ -335,7 +334,6 @@ protected function stripImageMetadata(string $filePath, string $mimeType): void
                     imagealphablending($image, false);
                     imagesavealpha($image, true);
                     imagepng($image, $filePath, 6);
-                    imagedestroy($image);
                 }
                 break;
 
@@ -348,7 +346,6 @@ protected function stripImageMetadata(string $filePath, string $mimeType): void
                     imagealphablending($image, false);
                     imagesavealpha($image, true);
                     imagewebp($image, $filePath, 95);
-                    imagedestroy($image);
                 }
                 break;
         }