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FOR INCLUDING SEARCH:
---------------------
<!-- search -->
<div class="cosmo-search">
<form action="htmls/search.html">
<div class="tipue_search_left"><img src="assets/pics/misc/search.png" class="tipue_search_icon"></div>
<div class="tipue_search_right"><input type="text" name="q" id="tipue_search_input" pattern=".{3,}" title="At least 3 characters" required></div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</form>
</div>
<!-- search -->
comms-communication infrastructure
----------------------------------
<h3>Limitations & Drawbacks</h3>
<p>
<ul>
<li>Central point of failure</li>
<li>Circumvents, grassroots independency</li>
<li>Usually non-transparent in its operation</li>
<li>Causes power & responsibility asymmetry</li>
<li>Produces unnecessary accountability loads</li>
<li>Economy is reduced to trickled down fashion</li>
<li>Cost involved to erect and maintain is so large</li>
<li>Surplus of resources are used as marketing parameter</li>
<li>User potentially seen as the data acquisition instrument</li>
<li>Usually competition oriented instead of cooperation oriented</li>
<li>Centralized policy changes might be different from initial settings</li>
<li>Always indefinetely demands more and more resources to provide scaling</li>
<li>Creates a isolation between user and service - compromising transparency</li>
<li>With more centralization, power and responsibility is loaded to a central point</li>
<li>Prone to attack from crackers, as it represents honey pot of information density</li>
<li>Loops of information dependency, freebies, social density - hinders decision making</li>
<li>Inability to check the mechanism of service even if the policy emphasizes transparency</li>
</ul>
</p>
<blockquote>
<b>power</b> <b>→</b> (demands) <b>→</b> <b>responsibility</b> <b>→</b> (demands) <b>→</b> <b>accountability</b>
<b>→</b> (demands) <b>→</b> <b>control</b> <br>
thus, one can see the situation as : <b>{ power</b> <b>→</b> (demands) <b>→</b> <b>control }</b>
</blockquote>
<p>
One can view the centralization and hierarchy in the light of the following parameters :
<ul>
<li><h4>Architectural topology</h4>   -   topology by design</li>
<li><h4>Network topology</h4>   -   topology by connections</li>
<li><h4>Functional topology</h4>   -   topology by operations, functions</li>
<li><h4>Informational topology</h4>   -   topology by information routing</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
Technical reconstruction of the infrastructure in one or two of these forms, never transforms the centralized power.
</p>