diff --git a/kombu/tests/transport/test_SQS.py b/kombu/tests/transport/test_SQS.py
index 117135c64..f7b1898ec 100644
--- a/kombu/tests/transport/test_SQS.py
+++ b/kombu/tests/transport/test_SQS.py
@@ -70,13 +70,24 @@ def write(self, message):
 class SQSConnectionMock(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
-        self.queues = {}
+        self.queues = {
+            'q_%s' % n: SQSQueueMock('q_%s' % n) for n in range(1500)
+            }
+        q = SQSQueueMock('unittest_queue')
+        q.write('hello')
+        self.queues['unittest_queue'] = q
 
     def get_queue(self, queue):
         return self.queues.get(queue)
 
     def get_all_queues(self, prefix=""):
-        return self.queues.values()
+        if not prefix:
+            keys = sorted(self.queues.keys())
+        else:
+            keys = filter(
+                lambda k: k.startswith(prefix), sorted(self.queues.keys())
+            )
+        return [self.queues[key] for key in keys[:1000]]
 
     def delete_queue(self, queue, force_deletion=False):
         q = self.get_queue(queue)
@@ -156,6 +167,17 @@ def test_new_queue(self):
         # For cleanup purposes, delete the queue and the queue file
         self.channel._delete(queue_name)
 
+    def test_dont_create_duplicate_new_queue(self):
+        # All queue names start with "q", except "unittest_queue".
+        # which is definitely out of cache when get_all_queues returns the
+        # first 1000 queues sorted by name.
+        queue_name = 'unittest_queue'
+        self.channel._new_queue(queue_name)
+        self.assertIn(queue_name, self.sqs_conn_mock.queues)
+        q = self.sqs_conn_mock.get_queue(queue_name)
+        self.assertEqual(1, q.count())
+        self.assertEqual('hello', q.read())
+
     def test_delete(self):
         queue_name = 'new_unittest_queue'
         self.channel._new_queue(queue_name)
diff --git a/kombu/transport/SQS.py b/kombu/transport/SQS.py
index 68cb053c2..85b52c9aa 100644
--- a/kombu/transport/SQS.py
+++ b/kombu/transport/SQS.py
@@ -184,9 +184,7 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         # exists with a different visibility_timeout, so this prepopulates
         # the queue_cache to protect us from recreating
         # queues that are known to already exist.
-        queues = self.sqs.get_all_queues(prefix=self.queue_name_prefix)
-        for queue in queues:
-            self._queue_cache[queue.name] = queue
+        self._update_queue_cache(self.queue_name_prefix)
         self._fanout_queues = set()
 
         # The drain_events() method stores extra messages in a local
@@ -195,6 +193,20 @@ def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         # to the caller of the drain_events() method.
         self._queue_message_cache = collections.deque()
 
+    def _update_queue_cache(self, queue_name_prefix):
+        try:
+            queues = self.sqs.get_all_queues(prefix=queue_name_prefix)
+        except exception.SQSError as exc:
+            if exc.status == 403:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    'SQS authorization error, access_key={0}'.format(
+                        self.sqs.access_key))
+            raise
+        else:
+            self._queue_cache.update({
+                queue.name: queue for queue in queues
+            })
+
     def basic_consume(self, queue, no_ack, *args, **kwargs):
         if no_ack:
             self._noack_queues.add(queue)
@@ -258,6 +270,8 @@ def _new_queue(self, queue, **kwargs):
         # Translate to SQS name for consistency with initial
         # _queue_cache population.
         queue = self.entity_name(self.queue_name_prefix + queue)
+        if queue not in self._queue_cache:
+            self._update_queue_cache(queue)
         try:
             return self._queue_cache[queue]
         except KeyError: