diff --git a/pyiceberg/catalog/hive.py b/pyiceberg/catalog/hive.py
index d81404f77a..aba3c173e6 100644
--- a/pyiceberg/catalog/hive.py
+++ b/pyiceberg/catalog/hive.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #  specific language governing permissions and limitations
 #  under the License.
 import getpass
+import socket
 import time
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import (
@@ -34,10 +35,17 @@
     AlreadyExistsException,
     FieldSchema,
     InvalidOperationException,
+    LockComponent,
+    LockLevel,
+    LockRequest,
+    LockResponse,
+    LockState,
+    LockType,
     MetaException,
     NoSuchObjectException,
     SerDeInfo,
     StorageDescriptor,
+    UnlockRequest,
 )
 from hive_metastore.ttypes import Database as HiveDatabase
 from hive_metastore.ttypes import Table as HiveTable
@@ -56,6 +64,7 @@
     PropertiesUpdateSummary,
 )
 from pyiceberg.exceptions import (
+    CommitFailedException,
     NamespaceAlreadyExistsError,
     NamespaceNotEmptyError,
     NoSuchIcebergTableError,
@@ -331,6 +340,15 @@ def register_table(self, identifier: Union[str, Identifier], metadata_location:
         """
         raise NotImplementedError
 
+    def _create_lock_request(self, database_name: str, table_name: str) -> LockRequest:
+        lock_component: LockComponent = LockComponent(
+            level=LockLevel.TABLE, type=LockType.EXCLUSIVE, dbname=database_name, tablename=table_name, isTransactional=True
+        )
+
+        lock_request: LockRequest = LockRequest(component=[lock_component], user=getpass.getuser(), hostname=socket.gethostname())
+
+        return lock_request
+
     def _commit_table(self, table_request: CommitTableRequest) -> CommitTableResponse:
         """Update the table.
 
@@ -363,15 +381,23 @@ def _commit_table(self, table_request: CommitTableRequest) -> CommitTableRespons
         self._write_metadata(updated_metadata, current_table.io, new_metadata_location)
 
         # commit to hive
-        try:
-            with self._client as open_client:
+        # https://github.com/apache/hive/blob/master/standalone-metastore/metastore-common/src/main/thrift/hive_metastore.thrift#L1232
+        with self._client as open_client:
+            lock: LockResponse = open_client.lock(self._create_lock_request(database_name, table_name))
+
+            try:
+                if lock.state != LockState.ACQUIRED:
+                    raise CommitFailedException(f"Failed to acquire lock for {table_request.identifier}, state: {lock.state}")
+
                 tbl = open_client.get_table(dbname=database_name, tbl_name=table_name)
                 tbl.parameters = _construct_parameters(
                     metadata_location=new_metadata_location, previous_metadata_location=current_table.metadata_location
                 )
                 open_client.alter_table(dbname=database_name, tbl_name=table_name, new_tbl=tbl)
-        except NoSuchObjectException as e:
-            raise NoSuchTableError(f"Table does not exist: {table_name}") from e
+            except NoSuchObjectException as e:
+                raise NoSuchTableError(f"Table does not exist: {table_name}") from e
+            finally:
+                open_client.unlock(UnlockRequest(lockid=lock.lockid))
 
         return CommitTableResponse(metadata=updated_metadata, metadata_location=new_metadata_location)
 
diff --git a/tests/integration/test_reads.py b/tests/integration/test_reads.py
index d487a6477e..c03bc78a18 100644
--- a/tests/integration/test_reads.py
+++ b/tests/integration/test_reads.py
@@ -22,10 +22,12 @@
 
 import pyarrow.parquet as pq
 import pytest
+from hive_metastore.ttypes import LockRequest, LockResponse, LockState, UnlockRequest
 from pyarrow.fs import S3FileSystem
 
 from pyiceberg.catalog import Catalog, load_catalog
-from pyiceberg.exceptions import NoSuchTableError
+from pyiceberg.catalog.hive import HiveCatalog, _HiveClient
+from pyiceberg.exceptions import CommitFailedException, NoSuchTableError
 from pyiceberg.expressions import (
     And,
     EqualTo,
@@ -467,3 +469,25 @@ def test_null_list_and_map(catalog: Catalog) -> None:
     # assert arrow_table["col_list_with_struct"].to_pylist() == [None, [{'test': 1}]]
     # Once https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/38809 has been fixed
     assert arrow_table["col_list_with_struct"].to_pylist() == [[], [{'test': 1}]]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+def test_hive_locking(catalog_hive: HiveCatalog) -> None:
+    table = create_table(catalog_hive)
+
+    database_name: str
+    table_name: str
+    _, database_name, table_name = table.identifier
+
+    hive_client: _HiveClient = _HiveClient(catalog_hive.properties["uri"])
+    blocking_lock_request: LockRequest = catalog_hive._create_lock_request(database_name, table_name)
+
+    with hive_client as open_client:
+        # Force a lock on the test table
+        lock: LockResponse = open_client.lock(blocking_lock_request)
+        assert lock.state == LockState.ACQUIRED
+        try:
+            with pytest.raises(CommitFailedException, match="(Failed to acquire lock for).*"):
+                table.transaction().set_properties(lock="fail").commit_transaction()
+        finally:
+            open_client.unlock(UnlockRequest(lock.lockid))