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title Git revisions
category Git
layout 2017/sheet
updated 2017-10-11
description
intro A list of revision specifications you can use with `git log` and many other Git commands. Summarized from `gitrevisions(7)` man page.

Example usages

| git log master...develop | inspect differences in branches | | git rebase -i HEAD~3 | rebase last 3 commits | | git reset --hard HEAD@{2} | undo last operation that changed HEAD | | git checkout v2^{} | checkout the v2 tag (not v2 branch) | {: .-mute-em}

The 3rd argument in each of these commands is a gitrevision. These gitrevisions can be passed to many Git commands.

Common git revisions

Reference Description
git show dae68e1 sha1
git show HEAD reference
git show v1.0.0 tag
--- ---
git show master local branch
git show origin/master remote branch
--- ---
git show master~2 2 commits back from master
--- ---
git show master..fix reachable from fix but not master
git show master...fix reachable from fix and master, but not both
{: .-mute-em}

These are just the common ones, there's a lot more below! (These work in many other commands, not just git show.)

Reference

Commits

| git checkout dae68e1 | sha1 | {: .-mute-em}

References

Example Description
git checkout HEAD reference
git checkout master branch
git checkout v1.0.0 tag
--- ---
git checkout origin/master aka, refs/remotes/origin/master
git checkout heads/master aka, refs/heads/master
{: .-mute-em}

Searching back

Example Description
git checkout master@{yesterday} also 1 day ago, etc
git checkout master@{2} 2nd prior value
git checkout master@{push} where master would push to
--- ---
git checkout master^ parent commit
git checkout master^2 2nd parent, eg, what it merged
git checkout master~5 5 parents back
git checkout master^0 this commit; disambiguates from tags
--- ---
git checkout v0.99.8^{tag} can be commit, tag, tree, object
git checkout v0.99.8^{} defaults to {tag}
--- ---
git checkout ":/fix bug" searches commit messages
{: .-mute-em}

Other

| HEAD:README | ... | | 0:README | (0 to 3) ... |

Ranges

Ranges

| git log master | reachable parents from master | | git log ^master | exclude reachable parents from master | | git log master..fix | reachable from fix but not master | | git log master...fix | reachable from fix and master, but not both | | git log HEAD^@ | parents of HEAD | | git log HEAD^! | HEAD, then excluding parents's ancestors | | git log HEAD^{:/fix} | search previous HEADs matching criteria | {: .-mute-em}

Ranges illustration

A ─┬─ E ── F ── G   master
   │
   └─ B ── C ── D   fix

{: .-box-chars.-setup}

| git log master..fix | BCD | | git log master...fix | BCD and EFG | {: .-mute-em}

References