-a = 3
-b = 4
-def calculate_hypotenuse(a, b):
- return (a**2 + b**2)**0.5
-print(calculate_hypotenuse(a, b))
-print(calculate_hypotenuse(5, 12))
-
-
-
-## Scope of Functions
-
-The “**scope**” of a function refers to where in the program the variable is recognized. For functions, the **parameters** and **variables declared inside** have a **local** scope. This means that they cannot be accessed outside of the function.
-
-**Example:**
-
-
-
-
-def cool_function():
- x = 10
- print(f'Inside: x = {x}')
-x = 20
-cool_function()
-print(f'Outside: x = {x}')
-
-
-
-What if we want to modify or access a variable **outside** the local scope of our function?
-
-We can use the `global` keyword. By placing `global` before any global variable name inside a function, it will be assigned its value and any modifications will **not **be local.
-
-**A more intuitive explanation is through an example**:
-
-
-
-
-x = 10
-def add_ten():
- global x
- x = x + 10
-add_ten()
-print(x)
-
-
-
-## Activity
-
-
-
----
-
-## Using Comments in Code
-
-Comments are used to provide **explanatory information **about the source code of a program.
-
-Comments keep your code **readable**, especially if you plan to revisit your program in the future or share it with others.
-
-In Python, single line comments are created by preceding the comment with ‘`#`’ and multi-line comments are created by enclosing the comments with a pair of triple apostrophes (''' or """).
-
-```Python
-def calculate_hypotenuse(a, b):
- '''
- Parameters:
- a: the first leg of the triangle
- b: the second leg of the triangle
- Returns:
- The hypotenuse of the triangle
- '''
- return (a**2 + b**2)**0.5 # single line comment
-```
-
-
----
-
-## Reading Text Files
-
-Sometimes, instead of user input, we want to read information from a file instead. If we have a file named `a.txt `which contains:
-
-```
-Hello!
-Line 1.
-Line 2.
-```
-
-1. We can use Python’s built-in `open() `function to open the file.
-2. To read a file, we can specify the text file’s path and name, and then pass in `'r' `as the function’s second argument.
-3. Finally, we use the .`read() `method to see the contents of the file.
-
-**Example**:
-
-
-
-
-If we pass an integer **N** into the .`read()` method, we will only read the **first N characters**.
-
-
-
-The .`readline() `method returns one line of the text file.
-
-
-
-If we want to get rid of the new lines or any whitespace at the start or end of a line, we can use Python’s built-in .`strip()` method
-
-
-
-It is often useful to loop through a text file line by line.
-
-
-
-
-## Writing to a Text File
-
-Sometimes, we want to output to a text file instead of to the screen. Once again, we will employ Python’s built-in `open() `function.
-
-However, the second parameter of the function depends on what you’re trying to achieve:
-
-| Second Parameter | Description |
-|:----------------:|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
-| 'a' | Adds to the end of the file, and creates a new file if the specified file does not exist. |
-| 'w' | Overwrites any existing content of the file, creates a new file if the specified file does not exist. |
-| 'x' | Creates a new file, throws an error if the specified file already exists. |
-| abs() | Returns the absolute value of a number. |
-- -If we wanted to add more text to the end of `a.txt`, we would use the following code: - -```Python -text = open('a.txt', 'a') -``` - -Now that we have opened the file, we can use the `.write()` method to add any text to the file! - -Note that for the text file to save, you need to use the
.close() method after you are finished editing the file.
-
-
-
-
-## Activity
-
-- ---- - -## Try/Except - -Usually, errors in our code would stop the execution of our program. However, if we want to **catch and handle these errors**, we can use the `try` and `except` block. - -The format of a `try` and `except` block is as follows (**indentation is needed**): - -**Example:** - -
-
-
-We can also specify a specific error to catch using `except`. Consequently, like `if/else `statements, we can stack `except` statements:
-
-
-
-We can use an `else` statement after `except` which will execute if **no errors** were encountered.
-
-
-
-
-try:
- name = "Jeffrey"
- print(name)
-except:
- print("Program didn't crash :)")
-else:
- print("Else block!")
-
-
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