By using tags (known as markup) we providing extra meaning and allow browsers to show usesr the appropirate structure for the page.
- structural markup : the elements that you can use to describe both headings and paragraphs.
- semantic markup : elements that add extra information to the pages.
- h1 , h2 , h3 ... up to ...h6 tags:
-h1 is the main heading , as the number beside h is increaseing up to 6 , the font size well be smaller (subheadings and section under sub headings).
example : <h1> hi </h1>
- p tag :
example : <p> nice to meet you </p>
- b and i tags:
example : <b>nice</b> to meet <i>you</i>
- sup and sub tags:
-sup used to contain characters that should be superscript such as the suffixe of date os mathematical concept (but a number to a power) , sub used to contain the characters that should be subscript.(commonly used in chemical formulas).
examples : my birthday is 5<sup>th</sup> of jun .... to day i have leared about H<sub>2</sub>O
- br and hr tags:
-br used to add a line break insid the paragraph , hr used to add horaizontal line or rule between sections or paragraphs.
examples: <p> nice to <br />meet you </p> ...... <p> nice to meet you </p> <hr/> <p> hi , how are you?</p>
- strong and em:
-em (emphasis) is the same of i italic , but it's used to indicates emphasis that subtly changes the meaning of a sentence.
- Qoutations (blockquote and q):
-blockquote is used for longer quotes that take up an entire paragraph , and it's have an attribute (cite) to link the sourse of the quotation
example : <blockequote cite-"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW"> <p> Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, commonly referred to as BMW , is a German multinational corporation which produces luxury vehicles and motorcycles</p> </blockquote>
example :<p> <q>Bayerische Motoren Werke AG</q>, commonly referred to as BMW , is a German multinational corporation which produces luxury vehicles and motorcycles</p>
- Abbreviations (abbr) and Acronyms (acronym) :
-whin we use an abbreviation or acronym of a word we will use <abbr title -"Clarification of the word that was abbreviated" > or (<acronym title -"Clarification of the word that was abbreviated">),
example : <p> The number of casualties in <abbr title-"World War II">WW2</abbr> was 60 million people </p>,
- Citations (cite) and Definitions (dfn):
-(cite) is used to indicate where the citation is from , when you are referencing a piece of work such as a book, film or research paper , the content of it will appere in italic.
-(dfn) is used to indicate the defining instance of a new term , like the first time you explain some new terminology (perhaps an academic concept or some jargon) in a document, it is known as the defining instance of it.
example : <p> <cite>Interstellar</cite> is a 2014 British-American epic science fiction film co-written, directed and produced by Christopher Nolan</p>
example : <p> A <dfn>neutron star</dfn> is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star, which had a total mass of between 10 and 25 solar masses, possibly more if the star was especially metal-rich. </p>
- Auth or Details (address):
-The (address) element has quite a specific use , it's to contain contact details for the author of the page. #### -It can contain a physical address, but it does not have to. for example, it may also contain a phone number or email address.
example :<address> <p><a href="mailto:homer@example.org"> homer@example.org</a></p> <p>742 Evergreen Terrace, Springfield.</p> </address>
- Changes to Content (ins)+(del)+(s) :
example : <p> It was the <del>bad</del> <ins>good</ins> idea to buy this car .</p>
-(s) is used to indicates something that is no longer accurate or relevant (but that should not be deleted).
example : <p>BMW Car:</p> <p><s>Was $5600</s></p> <p>Now only $4300</p>
The key to understanding how CSS works is to imagine that there is an invisible box around every HTML element , css allows you to create rules that control the way that each individual box (and the contents of that box) is presented.
-CSS works by associating rules with HTML elements , which is contains two parts , selector and declaration.
-CSS declarations sit inside curly brackets and each is made up of two parts , property and value, separated by a colon. You can specify several properties in one declaration, each separated by a semi-colon.
-In order to use an external css file we should link it in the HTML document to tell the browser where to find the CSS file used to style the page , to do this we should use (link) tag in the (head) of th HTML code or page.
example : <link href="css/styles.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />