A link is a hyper-text that moves you from one page to another, or from one section of a page to another.
There is also, an email link; which will open a new mail window with the email address automatically appearing in the "Send to" space.
A link can be initiated in the HTML from the <a> tag. The href attribute specifies the destination URL that the user will be taken to when pressing on the link.
A layout refers to where every elemnt sits on the page and how the page looks overall.
In Normal flow Every block-level element appears on a new line, causing each item to appear lower down the page than the previous one. Even if you specify the width of the boxes and there is space for two elements to sit side-byside, they will not appear next to each other. This is the default behavior (unless you tell the browser to do something else).
In Relative Positioning This moves an element from the position it would be in normal flow, shifting it to the top, right, bottom, or left of where it would have been placed. This does not affect the position of surrounding elements; they stay in the position they would be in in normal flow.
In Absolute positioning This positions the element in relation to its containing element. It is taken out of normal flow, meaning that it does not affect the position of any surrounding elements (as they simply ignore the space it would have taken up). Absolutely positioned elements move as users scroll up and down the page.
In Fixed Positioning This is a form of absolute positioning that positions the element in relation to the browser window, as opposed to the containing element. Elements with fixed positioning do not affect the position of surrounding elements and they do not move when the user scrolls up or down the page.
In Floating Elements Floating an element allows you to take that element out of normal flow and position it to the far left or right of a containing box. The floated element becomes a block-level element around which other content can flow.
This was quoted from Duckett HTML Pages 363 & 364
Functions let you group a series of statements together to perform a specific task. If different parts of a script repeat the same task, you can reuse the function (rather than repeating the same set of statements).
This is quoted from Javascript Book, page 88
We can declare a function by typing function functionName(){code goes here}
We can then call a function by typing functionName();