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	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2026},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2026/popets-2026-0014.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kamali2026a,
	author = {Sina Kamali and Diogo Barradas},
	title = {{Huma}: Censorship Circumvention via Web Protocol Tunneling with Deferred Traffic Replacement},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2026-f328-paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ratliff2026a,
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	title = {{Mirage}: Private, Mobility-based Routing for Censorship Evasion},
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	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2026},
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}

@inproceedings{Ablove2026a,
	author = {Anna Ablove and Shreyas Chandrashekaran and Xiao Qiang and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Characterizing the Implementation of Censorship Policies in {Chinese} {LLM} Services},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2026-s1761-paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Lange2026a,
	author = {Felix Lange and Niklas Niere and Juraj Somorovsky},
	title = {Towards Automated {DNS} Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0001.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/581},
}

@inproceedings{Zohaib2026a,
	author = {Ali Zohaib and Jade Sheffey and Mingshi Wu and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {Extended Abstract: {CensorAlert} -- Leveraging {LLM} Agents for Automated Censorship Report Aggregation and Analysis},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0002.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Fares2026a,
	author = {Hassan Fares and Omkar Fulsundar and Nicholas Hopper},
	title = {The Game Has Changed: Revisiting proxy distribution and game theory},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0003.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/587},
}

@inproceedings{Lipphardt2026a,
	author = {Friedemann Lipphardt and Moonis Ali and Anja Feldmann and Devashish Gosain},
	title = {Dual Standards: Examining Content Moderation Disparities Between {API} and {WebUI} Interfaces in Large Language Models},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0004.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Jois2026a,
	author = {Tushar M. Jois and Cora Rowena Ruiz and Gabriel Kaptchuk},
	title = {{Assemblage}: Chipping Away at Censorship with Generative Steganography},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0005.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/590},
}

@inproceedings{Sheffey2026a,
	author = {Jade Sheffey and Ali Zohaib and Mingshi Wu and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {{Geedge} Cases: Censorship Measurement Insights from the {Geedge Networks} Leak},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0006.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/585},
}

@inproceedings{Tolley2026a,
	author = {William J. Tolley and Everett Morse and Gabriel Hogan and Jeffrey Knockel and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	title = {Architectural {VPN} Vulnerabilities, Disclosure Fatigue, and Structural Failures},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0007.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Almutairi2026a,
	author = {Sultan Almutairi and Khaled Harfoush and Yannis Viniotis},
	title = {Server, Client, or Relay? Dual-Role Detection of Circumvention Relays},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2026},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2026/foci-2026-0008.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/594},
}

@article{Wendzel2025a,
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	title = {A Survey of Internet Censorship and its Measurement: Methodology, Trends, and Challenges},
	journal = {Computers \& Security},
	publisher = {ScienceDirect},
	year = {2025},
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@inproceedings{Wails2025a,
	author = {Ryan Wails and Rob Jansen and Aaron Johnson and Micah Sherr},
	title = {Censorship Evasion with Unidentified Protocol Generation},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity25-wails.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tai2025a,
	author = {Jonas Tai and Karthik Nishanth Sengottuvelavan and Peter Whiting and Nguyen Phong Hoang},
	title = {{IRBlock}: A Large-Scale Measurement Study of the {Great Firewall} of {Iran}},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity25-tai.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sheffey2025a,
    author = {Jade Sheffey and Ali Zohaib and Dayeon Kang and Zakir Durumeric and Amir Houmansadr and Qiang Wu},
    title = {Extended Abstract: I’ll Shake Your Hand: What Happens After {DNS} Poisoning},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0015.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Höller2025a,
    author = {Tobias Höller and René Mayrhofer},
    title = {Evaluating Onion Address Collection Methods},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0009.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Mixon-Baca2025a,
    author = {Benjamin Mixon-Baca and Jeffrey Knockel and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
    title = {Hidden Links: Analyzing Secret Families of {VPN} Apps},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
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}

@inproceedings{Sivan-Sevilla2025a,
    author = {Ido Sivan-Sevilla and Parthav Poudel},
    title = {Probing the third-party infrastructure of digital news on the {Web}},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0017.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Lipphardt2025a,
    author = {Friedemann Lipphardt and Malte Tashiro and Romain Fontugne},
    title = {1-800-Censorship: Analyzing internet censorship data using the {Internet Yellow Pages}},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0007.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Niere2025b,
    author = {Niklas Niere and Felix Lange and Nico Heitmann and Juraj Somorovsky},
    title = {Encrypted Client Hello ({ECH}) in Censorship Circumvention},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0016.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Vines2025a,
    author = {Paul Vines},
    title = {Extended Abstract: Nobody’s Fault but Mine: Using Unauthenticated Unidirectional Pushes for Client Update},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0012.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wilson2025a,
    author = {Sarah Wilson and Stella Tian and Sina Kamali},
    title = {Extended Abstract: {Shaperd}: Easily Adoptable Real-Time Traffic Shaper for Fully Encrypted Protocols},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0010.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Midtlien2025a,
    author = {Theodor Signebøen Midtlien and David Palma},
    title = {Fingerprint-resistant {DTLS} for usage in {Snowflake}},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0006.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Umesh2025a,
    author = {Harshith Umesh and Alden W. Jackson},
    title = {An Improved {BGP} Internet Graph for Optimizing Refraction Proxy Placement},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0014.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Pereira2025a,
    author = {Vitor Pereira and Ahmed Irfan and Vinod Yegneswaran and Nick Feamster and Prateek Mittal and Vitaly Shmatikov},
    title = {Position Paper: A Case for Machine-Checked Verification of Circumvention Systems},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0013.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Pereira2025b,
    author = {Hugo Santos Pereira and Afonso Vilalonga and Kevin Gallagher and Henrique Domingos},
    title = {Extended Abstract: Traffic Shaping for Network Protocols: A Modular and Developer-Friendly Framework},
    booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
    publisher = {},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0011.pdf},
}

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	author = {Yuyu Chen and David Y. Yang},
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@inproceedings{Handley2001a,
  author = {Mark Handley and Vern Paxson and Christian Kreibich},
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}

@inproceedings{Wu2025a,
    author = {Mingshi Wu and Ali Zohaib and Zakir Durumeric and Amir Houmansadr and Eric Wustrow},
    title = {A Wall Behind A Wall: Emerging Regional Censorship in {China}},
    booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
    publisher = {IEEE},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://gfw.report/publications/sp25/data/paper/paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Vafa2025a,
    author = {Elham Pourabbas Vafa and Mohit Singhal and Poojitha Thota and Sayak Saha Roy},
    title = {Learning from Censored Experiences: Social Media Discussions around Censorship Circumvention Technologies},
    booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
    publisher = {IEEE},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/21B7R7E8URG/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Niere2025a,
    author = {Niklas Niere and Felix Lange and Robert Merget and Juraj Somorovsky},
    title = {Transport Layer Obscurity: Circumventing {SNI} Censorship on the {TLS} Layer},
    booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
    publisher = {IEEE},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/26hiUekZ19S/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Nourin2025a,
    author = {Sadia Nourin and Erik Rye and Kevin Bock and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Dave Levin},
    title = {Is Nobody There? Good! Globally Measuring Connection Tampering without Responsive Endhosts},
    booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
    publisher = {IEEE},
    year = {2025},
    url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/26hiUgw654A/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Fan2025a,
	author = {Shencha Fan and Jackson Sippe and Sakamoto San and Jade Sheffey and David Fifield and Amir Houmansadr and Elson Wedwards and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {{Wallbleed}: A Memory Disclosure Vulnerability in the {Great Firewall} of {China}},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://gfw.report/publications/ndss25/data/paper/wallbleed.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/456},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2025a,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Robert Stanley and Piyush Kumar and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {The Discriminative Power of Cross-layer {RTT}s in Fingerprinting Proxy Traffic},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2025-966-paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2025a,
	author = {Wayne Wang and Diwen Xue and Piyush Kumar and Ayush Mishra and Anonymous and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Is Custom Congestion Control a Bad Idea for Circumvention Tools?},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0001.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Lange2025a,
	author = {Felix Lange and Niklas Niere and Jonathan von Niessen and Dennis Suermann and Nico Heitmann and Juraj Somorovsky},
	title = {I(ra)nconsistencies: Novel Insights into {Iran}'s Censorship},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0002.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/451},
}

@inproceedings{Vilalonga2025a,
	author = {Afonso Vilalonga and Kevin Gallagher and Osman Yaǧan and João S. Resende and Henrique Domingos},
	title = {Extended Abstract: Using {TURN} Servers for Censorship Evasion},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0003.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Rodriguez2025a,
	author = {Esther Rodriguez and Lobsang Gyatso and Tenzin Thayai and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	title = {Revisiting {BAT} Browsers: Protecting At-Risk Populations from Surveillance, Censorship, and Targeted Attacks},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0004.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Habib2025a,
	author = {Sana Habib and Mohammad Taha Khan and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	title = {Examining Leading {Pakistani} Mobile Apps},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2025/foci-2025-0005.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Kamali2025a,
	author = {Sina Kamali and Diogo Barradas},
	title = {Anix: Anonymous Blackout-Resistant Microblogging with Message Endorsing},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~dbarrada/papers/kamali-sp25.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Zohaib2025a,
	author = {Ali Zohaib and Qiang Zao and Jackson Sippe and Abdulrahman Alaraj and Amir Houmansadr and Zakir Durumeric and Eric Wustrow},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Exposing and Circumventing {SNI}-based {QUIC} Censorship of the {Great Firewall} of {China}},
	year = {2025},
	url = {https://gfw.report/publications/usenixsecurity25/data/paper/quic-sni.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/505},
}

@article{Cheng2022a,
	author = {Yanan Cheng and Yali Liu and Chao Li and Zhaoxin Zhang and Ning Li and Yuejin Du},
	title = {In-Depth Evaluation of the Impact of National-Level {DNS} Filtering on {DNS} Resolvers over Space and Time},
	journal = {Electronics},
	volume = {11},
	number = {8},
	publisher = {MDPI},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/8/1276/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Zillien2024a,
	author = {Sebastian Zillien and Tobias Schmidbauer and Mario Kubek and Jörg Keller and Steffen Wendzel},
	title = {Look What's There! Utilizing the {Internet}'s Existing Data for Censorship Circumvention with {OPPRESSION}},
	booktitle = {Asia CCS},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3634737.3637676},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2024b,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Anna Ablove and Reethika Ramesh and Grace Kwak Danciu and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Bridging Barriers: A Survey of Challenges and Priorities in the Censorship Circumvention Landscape},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity24-xue-bridging.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kon2024b,
	author = {Patrick Tser Jern Kon and Sina Kamali and Jinyu Pei and Diogo Barradas and Ang Chen and Micah Sherr and Moti Yung},
	title = {{SpotProxy}: Rediscovering the Cloud for Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.cs-pk.com/sec24-spotproxy-final.pdf},
}

@article{Vines2024c,
	author = {Paul Vines and Samuel McKay and Jesse Jenter and Suresh Krishnaswamy},
	title = {Communication Breakdown: Modularizing Application Tunneling for Signaling Around Censorship},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2024},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2024/popets-2024-0027.pdf},
}

@article{Tang2024a,
	author = {Jenny Tang and Léo Alvarez and Arjun Brar and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Nicolas Christin},
	title = {Automatic Generation of Web Censorship Probe Lists},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2024},
	number = {4},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2024/popets-2024-0106.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ahmed2024a,
	author = {Mohamed Ahmed and Jeffrey Knockel},
	title = {Extended Abstract: The Impact of Online Censorship on {LLMs}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0006.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Gao2024a,
	author = {Tianyu Gao and Ping Ji},
	title = {Extended Abstract: Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify {Internet} Censorship through Network Data},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0007.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Calle2024a,
	author = {Paola Calle and Larissa Savitsky and Arjun Nitin Bhagoji and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Shinyoung Cho},
	title = {Toward Automated {DNS} Tampering Detection Using Machine Learning},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0008.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Pu2024a,
	author = {Michael Pu and Andrew Wang and Anthony Chang and Kieran Quan and Yi Wei Zhou},
	title = {Exploring {Amazon} Simple Queue Service ({SQS}) for Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0009.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Vilalonga2024a,
	author = {Afonso Vilalonga and João S. Resende and Henrique Domingos},
	title = {Looking at the Clouds: Leveraging Pub/Sub Cloud Services for Censorship-Resistant Rendezvous Channels},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0010.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Vines2024b,
	author = {Paul Vines},
	title = {Ten Years Gone: Revisiting Cloud Storage Transports to Reduce Censored User Burdens},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0011.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Müller2024a,
	author = {Philipp Müller and Niklas Niere and Felix Lange and Juraj Somorovsky},
	title = {Turning Attacks into Advantages: Evading {HTTP} Censorship with {HTTP} Request Smuggling},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0012.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hanlon2024a,
	author = {Michelina Hanlon and Gerry Wan and Anna Ascheman and Zakir Durumeric},
	title = {Detecting {VPN} Traffic through Encapsulated {TCP} Behavior},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0016.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kujath2024a,
	author = {Beau Kujath and Jeffrey Knockel and Paul Aguilar and Diego Morabito and Masashi Crete-Nishihata and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	title = {Analyzing Prominent Mobile Apps in {Latin America}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0017.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ruo2024a,
	author = {Samuel Ruo and Jeffrey Knockel and Zoë Reichert},
	title = {Lost in Translation: Characterizing Automated Censorship in Online Translation Services},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0018.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2024a,
	author     = {Chenxu Wang and Jiangyi Yin and Zhao Li and Hongbo Xu and Zhongyi Zhang and Qingyun Liu},
	title      = {Identifying {VPN} Servers through Graph-Represented Behaviors},
	booktitle  = {The International World Wide Web Conference},
	publisher  = {ACM},
	year       = {2024},
	url        = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3589334.3645552},
}

@inproceedings{Hoang2024a,
	author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Jakub Dalek and Masashi Crete-Nishihata and Nicolas Christin and Vinod Yegneswaran and Michalis Polychronakis and Nick Feamster},
	title = {{GFWeb}: Measuring the {Great Firewall}'s {Web} Censorship at Scale},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec24fall-prepub-310-hoang.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Awwad2024a,
	author = {Ghadeer Awwad and Kentaro Toyama},
	title = {Digital Repression in Palestine},
	booktitle = {CHI},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3613904.3642422},
}

@article{Zhang2024a,
	author = {Tony Huiquan Zhang and Jianhua Xu and Jinjin Liu},
	title = {How Do Toothless Tigers Bite? Extra-institutional Governance and {Internet} Censorship by Local Governments in {China}},
	journal = {The China Quarterly},
	volume = {2024},
	issue = {First View},
	publisher = {SOAS University of London},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/B1BB347F7458EBF033A65461D1C2D82A/S0305741024000602a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Bocovich2024a,
	author = {Cecylia Bocovich and Arlo Breault and David Fifield and Serene and Xiaokang Wang},
	title = {{Snowflake}, a censorship circumvention system using temporary {WebRTC} proxies},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec24fall-prepub-1998-bocovich.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/366},
}

@inproceedings{Moon2024a,
	author = {Soo-Jin Moon and Milind Srivastava and Yves Bieri and Ruben Martins and Vyas Sekar},
	title = {{Pryde}: A Modular Generalizable Workflow for Uncovering Evasion Attacks Against Stateful Firewall Deployments},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/1Ub242nYFoY/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Gosain2024a,
	author = {Devashish Gosain and Kartikey Singh and Rishi Sharma and Jithin S and Sambuddho Chakravaty},
	title = {Out in the Open: On the Implementation of Mobile App Filtering in {India}},
	booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://pam2024.cs.northwestern.edu/pdfs/paper-58.pdf},
}

@article{Vines2024a,
	author = {Paul Vines and Samuel McKay and Jesse Jenter and Suresh Krishnaswamy},
	title = {Communication Breakdown: Modularizing Application Tunneling for Signaling Around Censorship},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2024},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/popets/2024/popets-2024-0027.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Almutairi2024a,
	author = {Sultan Almutairi and Yogev Neumann and Khaled Harfoush},
	title = {Fingerprinting {VPNs} with Custom Router Firmware: A New Censorship Threat Model},
	booktitle = {Consumer Communications \& Networking Conference},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Almutairi2024a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tsai2024a,
	author = {Elisa Tsai and Ram Sundara Raman and Atul Prakash and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Modeling and Detecting {Internet} Censorship Events},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2024-409-paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kristoff2024a,
	author = {John Kristoff and Moritz Müller and Arturo Filastò and Max Resing and Chris Kanich and Niels ten Oever},
	title = {{Internet} Sanctions on {Russian} Media: Actions and Effects},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0001.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sakamoto2024a,
	author = {Sakamoto and Elson Wedwards},
	title = {Bleeding Wall: A Hematologic Examination on the {Great Firewall}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0002.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/367},
}

@inproceedings{Chi2024a,
	author = {Erik Chi and Gaukas Wang and J. Alex Halderman and Eric Wustrow and Jack Wampler},
	title = {Just add {WATER}: {WebAssembly}-based Circumvention Transports},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0003.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Lorimer2024a,
	author = {Anna Harbluk Lorimer and Rob Jansen and Nick Feamster},
	title = {Extended Abstract: Traffic Splitting for Pluggable Transports},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0004.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Chen2024a,
	author = {Mingye Chen and Jack Wampler and Abdulrahman Alaraj and Gaukas Wang and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {Extended Abstract: {Oscur0}: One-shot Circumvention without Registration},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2024/foci-2024-0005.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2024a,
	author     = {Diwen Xue and Michalis Kallitsis and Amir Houmansadr and Roya Ensafi},
	title      = {Fingerprinting Obfuscated Proxy Traffic with Encapsulated {TLS} Handshakes},
	booktitle  = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher  = {USENIX},
	year       = {2024},
	url        = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec24summer-prepub-465-xue.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kon2024a,
	author = {Patrick Tser Jern Kon and Aniket Gattani and Dhiraj Saharia and Tianyu Cao and Diogo Barradas and Ang Chen and Micah Sherr and Benjamin E. Ujcich},
	title = {{NetShuffle}: Circumventing Censorship with Shuffle Proxies at the Edge},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/1RjEabCelaM/pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wails2024a,
	author = {Ryan Wails and George Arnold Sullivan and Micah Sherr and Rob Jansen},
	title = {On Precisely Detecting Censorship Circumvention in Real-World Networks},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2024},
	url = {https://www.robgjansen.com/publications/precisedetect-ndss2024.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/312},
}

@inproceedings{Ding2023a,
	author = {Jinyang Ding and Kejiang Chen and Yaofei Wang and Na Zhao and Weiming Zhang and Nenghai Yu},
	title = {{Discop}: Provably secure steganography in practice based on ``distribution copies''},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://dingjinyang.github.io/uploads/Discop_sp23_paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Niere2023a,
	author = {Niklas Niere and Sven Hebrok and Juraj Somorovsky and Robert Merget},
	title = {Poster: Circumventing the {GFW} with {TLS} Record Fragmentation},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://nerd2.nrw/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/3576915.3624372.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/308},
}

@article{Ververis2023a,
	author = {Vasilis Ververis and Lucas Lasota and Tatiana Ermakova and Benjamin Fabian},
	title = {Website blocking in the {European} {Union}: Network interference from the perspective of {Open} {Internet}},
	journal = {Policy \& Internet},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/poi3.367},
}

@techreport{Fifield2023b,
	author = {David Fifield},
	title = {Comments on certain past cryptographic flaws affecting fully encrypted censorship circumvention protocols},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1362.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Bischof2023a,
	author = {Zachary S. Bischof and Kennedy Pitcher and Esteban Carisimo and Amanda Meng and Rafael Bezerra Nunes and Ramakrishna Padmanabhan and Margaret E. Roberts and Alex C. Snoeren and Alberto Dainotti},
	title = {Destination Unreachable: Characterizing {Internet} Outages and Shutdowns},
	booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~snoeren/papers/shutdown-sigcomm23.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Brown2023a,
	author     = {Jacob Brown and Xi Jiang and Van Tran and Arjun Nitin Bhagoji and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Nick Feamster and Prateek Mittal and Vinod Yegneswaran},
	title      = {Augmenting Rule-based {DNS} Censorship Detection at Scale with Machine Learning},
	booktitle  = {Knowledge Discovery And Data Mining},
	publisher  = {ACM},
	year       = {2023},
	url        = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2302.02031.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Feng2023a,
	author     = {Yuzhou Feng and Ruyu Zhai and Radu Sion and Bogdan Carbunar},
	title      = {A Study of {China}'s Censorship and Its Evasion Through the Lens of Online Gaming},
	booktitle  = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher  = {USENIX},
	year       = {2023},
	url        = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity23-feng.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Amich2023a,
	author     = {Abderrahmen Amich and Birhanu Eshete and Vinod Yegneswaran and Nguyen Phong Hoang},
	title      = {DeResistor: Toward Detection-Resistant Probing for Evasion of Internet Censorship},
	booktitle  = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher  = {USENIX},
	year       = {2023},
	url        = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/usenixsecurity23-amich.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sun2023a,
	author     = {Zhen Sun and Vitaly Shmatikov},
	title      = {{TELEPATH}: A Minecraft-based Covert Communication System},
	booktitle  = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher  = {IEEE},
	year       = {2023},
	url        = {https://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/SP46215.2023.00183},
}

@inproceedings{Streisand2023a,
	author = {Mizhang Streisand and Eric Wustrow and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {Where Have All the Paragraphs Gone? Detecting and Exposing Censorship in {Chinese} Translation},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0001.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2023b,
	author = {Mona Wang and Jonathan Mayer},
	title = {Self-Censorship Under Law: A Case Study of the {Hong Kong} National Security Law},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0007.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Master2023a,
	author = {Alexander Master and Christina Garman},
	title = {A Worldwide View of Nation-state {Internet} Censorship},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0008.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2023a,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {The Use of Push Notification in Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0009.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Nourin2023a,
	author     = {Sadia Nourin and Van Tran and Xi Jiang and Kevin Bock and Nick Feamster and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Dave Levin},
	title      = {Measuring and Evading {Turkmenistan}'s Internet Censorship},
	booktitle  = {The International World Wide Web Conference},
	publisher  = {ACM},
	year       = {2023},
	url        = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3543507.3583189},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/273},
}

@inproceedings{Nourin2023b,
	author = {Sadia Nourin and Kevin Bock and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Dave Levin},
	title = {Detecting Network Interference Without Endpoint Participation},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0010.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Fifield2023a,
	author = {David Fifield and Linus Nordberg},
	title = {Running a high-performance pluggable transports {Tor} bridge},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0011.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/222},
}

@inproceedings{Ortwein2023a,
	author = {Aaron Ortwein and Kevin Bock and Dave Levin},
	title = {Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of {Russian} Transit Censorship},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0012.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wails2023a,
	author = {Ryan Wails and Rob Jansen and Aaron Johnson and Micah Sherr},
	title = {{Proteus}: Programmable Protocols for Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0013.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Jia2023a,
	author = {Watson Jia and Joseph Eichenhofer and Liang Wang and Prateek Mittal},
	title = {{Voiceover}: Censorship-Circumventing Protocol Tunnels with Generative Modeling},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0014.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tran2023a,
	author = {Nhi Tran and Kevin Bock and Dave Levin},
	title = {Crowdsourcing the Discovery of Server-side Censorship Evasion Strategies},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0016.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Waheed2022a,
	author = {Asim Waheed and Sara Qunaibi and Diogo Barradas and Zachary Weinberg},
	title = {Darwin's Theory of Censorship: Analysing the Evolution of Censored Topics with Dynamic Topic Models},
	year = {2022},
	publisher = {ACM},
	url = {https://research.owlfolio.org/pubs/2022-darwin-censorship.pdf},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
}

@inproceedings{Ververis2021a,
       title        = {Understanding {Internet} Censorship in {Europe}: The Case of {Spain}},
       author       = {Vasilis Ververis and Tatiana Ermakova and Marios Isaakidis and Simone Basso and Benjamin Fabian and Stefania Milan},
       year         = {2021},
       booktitle    = {Web Science Conference},
       publisher    = {ACM},
       url          = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3447535.3462638},
}

@inproceedings{Ramesh2023a,
	author = {Reethika Ramesh and Ram Sundara Raman and Apurva Virkud and Alexandra Dirksen and Armin Huremagic and David Fifield and Dirk Rodenburg and Rod Hynes and Doug Madory and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Network Responses to {Russia's} Invasion of {Ukraine} in 2022: A Cautionary Tale for {Internet} Freedom},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://censoredplanet.org/assets/russia-ukraine-invasion.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wu2023a,
	author = {Mingshi Wu and Jackson Sippe and Danesh Sivakumar and Jack Burg and Peter Anderson and Xiaokang Wang and Kevin Bock and Amir Houmansadr and Dave Levin and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {How the {Great Firewall} of {China} Detects and Blocks Fully Encrypted Traffic},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23fall-prepub-234-wu-mingshi.pdf},
}

@article{Tulloch2023a,
	author = {Lindsey Tulloch and Ian Goldberg},
	title = {Lox: Protecting the Social Graph in Bridge Distribution},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2023},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2023/popets-2023-0029.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/320},
}

@article{Sharma2023a,
	author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Rishi Sharma and Kartikey Singh and Mukulika Maity and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {Dolphin: A Cellular Voice Based {Internet} Shutdown Resistance System},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2023},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/popets/2023/popets-2023-0034.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Katira2023a,
	author = {Divyank Katira and Gurshabad Grover and Kushagra Singh and Varun Bansal},
	title = {{CensorWatch}: On the Implementation of Online Censorship in {India}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0006.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/360},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2023a,
	author = {Gaukas Wang and Anonymous and Jackson Sippe and Hai Chi and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {Chasing Shadows: A security analysis of the {ShadowTLS} proxy},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0002.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/322},
}

@inproceedings{Fenske2023a,
	author = {Ellis Fenske and Aaron Johnson},
	title = {Security Notions for Fully Encrypted Protocols},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0004.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/383},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2023a,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Apurva Virkud and Sarah Laplante and Vinicius Fortuna and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Advancing the Art of Censorship Data Analysis},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/foci/2023/foci-2023-0003.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2023b,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Louis-Henri Merino and Kevin Bock and Marwan Fayed and Dave Levin and Nick Sullivan and Luke Valenta},
	title = {Global, Passive Detection of Connection Tampering},
	booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2023},
	url = {https://www.cs.umd.edu/~dml/papers/tampering_sigcomm23.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2022a,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Mona Wang and Jakub Dalek and Jonathan Mayer and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Network Measurement Methods for Locating and Examining Censorship Devices},
	booktitle = {Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3555050.3569133},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2022b,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Benjamin Mixon-Baca and ValdikSS and Anna Ablove and Beau Kujath and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {{TSPU}: {Russia}'s Decentralized Censorship System},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3517745.3561461},
}

@inproceedings{Lorimer2021a,
	author = {Anna Harbluk Lorimer and Lindsey Tulloch and Cecylia Bocovich and Ian Goldberg},
	title = {{OUStralopithecus}: Overt User Simulation for Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://cypherpunks.ca/~iang/pubs/oustral-wpes21.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Bhaskar2022a,
	author = {Abhishek Bhaskar and Paul Pearce},
	title = {Many Roads Lead To {Rome}: How Packet Headers Influence {DNS} Censorship Measurement},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-bhaskar.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Harrity2022a,
	author = {Michael Harrity and Kevin Bock and Frederick Sell and Dave Levin},
	title = {{GET} /out: Automated Discovery of Application-Layer Censorship Evasion Strategies},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-harrity.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2022a,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Reethika Ramesh and Arham Jain and Michalis Kallitsis and J. Alex Halderman and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {{OpenVPN} is Open to {VPN} Fingerprinting},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec22-xue-diwen.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Figueira2022a,
	author = {Gabriel Figueira and Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos},
	title = {{Stegozoa}: Enhancing {WebRTC} Covert Channels with Video Steganography for Internet Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Asia CCS},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3488932.3517419},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/259},
}

@inproceedings{Gosain2017b,
	author = {Devashish Gosain and Anshika Agarwal and Sambuddho Chakravarty and H. B. Acharya},
	title = {The Devil's in The Details: Placing Decoy Routers in the {Internet}},
	booktitle = {ACSAC},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Gosain2017b.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sharma2021a,
	author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Devashish Gosain and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {Camoufler: Accessing The Censored Web By Utilizing Instant Messaging Channels},
	booktitle = {Asia CCS},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Sharma2021a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Rambert2021a,
	author = {Raymond Rambert and Zachary Weinberg and Diogo Barradas and Nicolas Christin},
	title = {{Chinese} Wall or {Swiss} Cheese? Keyword filtering in the {Great Firewall} of {China}},
	booktitle = {WWW},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Rambert2021a.pdf},
}

@article{Chang2022a,
	author = {Keng-Chi Chang and William R. Hobbs and Margaret E. Roberts and Zachary C. Steinert-Threlkeld},
	title = {{COVID-19} increased censorship circumvention and access to sensitive topics in {China}},
	journal = {PNAS},
	volume = {119},
	number = {4},
	publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {2022},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Chang2022a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hoang2022a,
	author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Michalis Polychronakis and Phillipa Gill},
	title = {Measuring the Accessibility of Domain Name Encryption and Its Impact on {Internet} Filtering},
	booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {518--536},
	url = {https://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~mikepo/papers/dneye.pam22.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kaptchuk2021a,
	author = {Gabriel Kaptchuk and Tushar M. Jois and Matthew Green and Aviel D. Rubin},
	title = {{Meteor}: Cryptographically Secure Steganography for Realistic Distributions},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.cs.umd.edu/~kaptchuk/publications/ccs21_meteor.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/104},
}

@inproceedings{Xue2021a,
	author = {Diwen Xue and Reethika Ramesh and ValdikSS and Leonid Evdokimov and Andrey Viktorov and Arham Jain and Eric Wustrow and Simone Basso and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Throttling {Twitter}: an emerging censorship technique in {Russia}},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3487552.3487858},
}

@inproceedings{Elmenhorst2021a,
	author = {Kathrin Elmenhorst and Bertram Schütz and Nils Aschenbruck and Simone Basso},
	title = {Web censorship measurements of {HTTP}/3 over {QUIC}},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3487552.3487836},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/113},
}

@inproceedings{Basso2021a,
  author = {Simone Basso},
  title = {Measuring {DoT}/{DoH} blocking using {OONI Probe}: a preliminary study},
  booktitle = {DNS Privacy Workshop},
  year = {2021},
  publisher = {The Internet Society},
  url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/dnspriv21-02-paper.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Padmanabhan2021a,
	author = {Ramakrishna Padmanabhan and Arturo Filastò and Maria Xynou and Ram Sundara Raman and Kennedy Middleton and Mingwei Zhang and Doug Madory and Molly Roberts and Alberto Dainotti},
	title = {A multi-perspective view of {Internet} censorship in {Myanmar}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3473604.3474562},
}

@inproceedings{Knockel2021a,
	author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Lotus Ruan},
	title = {Measuring {QQMail}'s Automated Email Censorship in {China}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474560},
	disucssion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/95},
}

@inproceedings{Kwan2021a,
	author = {Carmen Kwan and Paul Janiszewski and Shela Qiu and Cathy Wang and Cecylia Bocovich},
	title = {Exploring Simple Detection Techniques for {DNS}-over-{HTTPS} Tunnels},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474563},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/94},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2021c,
	author = {Kevin Bock and Gabriel Naval and Kyle Reese and Dave Levin},
	title = {Even Censors Have a Backup: Examining {China}'s Double {HTTPS} Censorship Middleboxes},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474559},
}

@inproceedings{Satija2021a,
	author = {Sambhav Satija and Rahul Chatterjee},
	title = {{BlindTLS}: Circumventing {TLS}-Based {HTTPS} Censorship},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473604.3474564},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/86},
}

@inproceedings{Wei2021a,
	author = {Mingkui Wei},
	title = {Domain Shadowing: Leveraging Content Delivery Networks for Robust Blocking-Resistant Communications},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-wei.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/73},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2021b,
	author = {Kevin Bock and Abdulrahman Alaraj and Yair Fax and Kyle Hurley and Eric Wustrow and Dave Levin},
	title = {Weaponizing Middleboxes for {TCP} Reflected Amplification},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-bock.pdf},
	disucssion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/121},
}

@inproceedings{Hoang2021a,
	author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Arian Akhavan Niaki and Jakub Dalek and Jeffrey Knockel and Pellaeon Lin and Bill Marczak and Masashi Crete-Nishihata and Phillipa Gill and Michalis Polychronakis},
	title = {How Great is the {Great Firewall}? {Measuring} {China}'s {DNS} Censorship},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-hoang.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Rosen2021a,
	author = {Marc B. Rosen and James Parker and Alex J. Malozemoff},
	title = {{Balboa}: Bobbing and Weaving around Network Censorship},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-rosen.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/112},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2021a,
	author = {Kevin Bock and Pranav Bharadwaj and Jasraj Singh and Dave Levin},
	title = {Your Censor is My Censor: Weaponizing Censorship Infrastructure for Availability Attacks},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Offensive Technologies},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.cs.umd.edu/~dml/papers/weaponizing_woot21.pdf},
}

@article{Gosain2021a,
	author = {Devashish Gosain and Mayank Mohindra and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {Too Close for Comfort: Morasses of (Anti-) Censorship in the Era of {CDN}s},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2021},
	number = {2},
	publisher = {Sciendo},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2021/files/papers/issue2/popets-2021-0023.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/90},
}

@inproceedings{Barradas2020b,
	author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos},
	title = {Towards a Scalable Censorship-Resistant Overlay Network based on {WebRTC} Covert Channels},
	booktitle = {Distributed Infrastructure for Common Good},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~nsantos/papers/barradas_dicg20.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/258},
}

@inproceedings{Barradas2020a,
	author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos and Luís Rodrigues and Vítor Nunes},
	title = {Poking a Hole in the Wall: Efficient Censorship-Resistant {Internet} Communications by Parasitizing on {WebRTC}},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.gsd.inesc-id.pt/~nsantos/papers/barradas_ccs20.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/55},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2020c,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Prerana Shenoy and Katharina Kohls and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {{Censored} {Planet}: An {Internet}-wide, Longitudinal Censorship Observatory},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.ramakrishnansr.com/assets/censoredplanet.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/283},
}

@inproceedings{Alice2020a,
	author = {Alice and Bob and Carol and Jan Beznazwy and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {How {China} Detects and Blocks {Shadowsocks}},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Alice2020a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2020b,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Leonid Evdokimov and Eric Wustrow and J. Alex Halderman and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Investigating Large Scale {HTTPS} Interception in {Kazakhstan}},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3419394.3423665},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/66},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2020b,
	author = {Kevin Bock and George Hughey and Louis-Henri Merino and Tania Arya and Daniel Liscinsky and Regina Pogosian and Dave Levin},
	title = {Come as You Are: Helping Unmodified Clients Bypass Censorship with Server-side Evasion},
	booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://geneva.cs.umd.edu/papers/come-as-you-are.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Govil2020a,
	author = {Yashodhar Govil and Liang Wang and Jennifer Rexford},
	title = {{MIMIQ}: Masking {IPs} with Migration in {QUIC}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-govil.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Alharbi2020a,
	author = {Fatemah Alharbi and Michalis Faloutsos and Nael Abu-Ghazaleh},
	title = {Opening Digital Borders Cautiously yet Decisively: Digital Filtering in {Saudi Arabia}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-alharbi_0.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/48},
}

@inproceedings{Anonymous2020a,
	author = {Anonymous and Arian Akhavan Niaki and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Phillipa Gill and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {Triplet Censors: Demystifying {Great Firewall}'s {DNS} Censorship Behavior},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-anonymous_0.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/47},
}

@inproceedings{Birtel2020a,
	author = {Benedikt Birtel and Christian Rossow},
	title = {{Slitheen++}: Stealth {TLS}-based Decoy Routing},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-birtel_0.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/51},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2020a,
	author = {Kevin Bock and Yair Fax and Kyle Reese and Jasraj Singh and Dave Levin},
	title = {Detecting and Evading Censorship-in-Depth: A Case Study of {Iran}'s Protocol Filter},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-bock.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/49},
}

@inproceedings{Fifield2020a,
	author = {David Fifield},
	title = {{Turbo Tunnel}, a good way to design censorship circumvention protocols},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-fifield.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Frolov2020b,
	author = {Sergey Frolov and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {{HTTPT}: A Probe-Resistant Proxy},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci20-paper-frolov.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/50},
}

@inproceedings{Singh2020a,
	author = {Kushagra Singh and Gurshabad Grover and Varun Bansal},
	title = {How {India} Censors the Web},
	booktitle = {Web Science},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Singh2020a.pdf},
}

@article{Zhu2020a,
	author = {Pengxiong Zhu and Keyu Man and Zhongjie Wang and Zhiyun Qian and Roya Ensafi and J. Alex Halderman and Haixin Duan},
	title = {Characterizing Transnational Internet Performance and the Great Bottleneck of {China}},
	journal = {Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems},
	volume = {4},
	number = {1},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3379479},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/96},
}

@article{Sharma2020a,
	author = {Piyush Kumar Sharma and Devashish Gosain and Himanshu Sagar and Chaitanya Kumar and Aneesh Dogra and Vinayak Naik and H. B. Acharya and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {{SiegeBreaker}: An {SDN} Based Practical Decoy Routing System},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2020},
	number = {3},
	publisher = {Sciendo},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {243--263},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2020/files/papers/issue3/popets-2020-0051.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/62},
}

@article{VanderSloot2020a,
	author = {Benjamin VanderSloot and Sergey Frolov and Jack Wampler and Sze Chuen Tan and Irv Simpson and Michalis Kallitsis and J. Alex Halderman and Nikita Borisov and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {Running Refraction Networking for Real},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2020},
	number = {3},
	publisher = {Sciendo},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {321--335},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2020/files/papers/issue4/popets-2020-0073.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/75},
}

@article{Minaei2020a,
	author = {Mohsen Minaei and Pedro Moreno-Sanchez and Aniket Kate},
	title = {{MoneyMorph}: Censorship Resistant Rendezvous using Permissionless Cryptocurrencies},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2020},
	number = {3},
	publisher = {Sciendo},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {404--424},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2020/files/papers/issue3/popets-2020-0058.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/71},
}

@techreport{Robinson2013a,
	title = {Collateral Freedom: A Snapshot of {Chinese} Internet Users Circumventing Censorship},
	author = {David Robinson and Harlan Yu and Anne An},
	institution = {OpenITP},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://www.upturn.org/static/files/CollateralFreedom.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Niaki2020a,
	author = {Arian Akhavan Niaki and Shinyoung Cho and Zachary Weinberg and Nguyen Phong Hoang and Abbas Razaghpanah and Nicolas Christin and Phillipa Gill},
	title = {{ICLab}: A Global, Longitudinal Internet Censorship Measurement Platform},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~phillipa/papers/oakland2020.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/52},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2020a,
	author = {Zhongjie Wang and Shitong Zhu and Yue Cao and Zhiyun Qian and Chengyu Song and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy and Kevin S. Chan and Tracy D. Braun},
	title = {{SymTCP}: Eluding Stateful Deep Packet Inspection with Automated Discrepancy Discovery},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/24083.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/31},
}

@inproceedings{Nasr2020a,
	author = {Milad Nasr and Hadi Zolfaghari and Amir Houmansadr and Amirhossein Ghafari},
	title = {{MassBrowser}: Unblocking the Censored Web for the Masses, by the Masses},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/24340.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/32},
}

@inproceedings{Frolov2020a,
	author = {Sergey Frolov and Jack Wampler and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {Detecting Probe-resistant Proxies},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/23087.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/26},
}

@inproceedings{Raman2020a,
	author = {Ram Sundara Raman and Adrian Stoll and Jakub Dalek and Reethika Ramesh and Will Scott and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Measuring the Deployment of Network Censorship Filters at Global Scale},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Raman2020a.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/34},
}

@inproceedings{Ramesh2020a,
	author = {Reethika Ramesh and Ram Sundara Raman and Matthew Bernhard and Victor Ongkowijaya and Leonid Evdokimov and Anne Edmundson and Steven Sprecher and Muhammad Ikram and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {Decentralized Control: A Case Study of {Russia}},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/23098.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/20},
}

@article{Oakley2020a,
	author = {Jonathan Oakley and Lu Yu and Xingsi Zhong and Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy and Richard Brooks},
	title = {Protocol Proxy: An {FTE}-based covert channel},
	journal = {Computers \& Security},
	volume = {92},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Oakley2020a.pdf},
}

@techreport{Fifield2016b,
	author = {David Fifield and Mia Gil Epner},
	title = {Fingerprintability of {WebRTC}},
	institution = {University of California, Berkeley},
	year = {2016},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.08805.pdf}
}

@techreport{Appelbaum2012a,
	author = {Jacob Appelbaum},
	title = {Technical analysis of the {Ultrasurf} proxying software},
	institution = {The Tor Project},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://media.torproject.org/misc/2012-04-16-ultrasurf-analysis.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Frolov2019b,
	author = {Sergey Frolov and Jack Wampler and Sze Chuen Tan and J. Alex Halderman and Nikita Borisov and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {{Conjure}: Summoning Proxies from Unused Address Space},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://jhalderm.com/pub/papers/conjure-ccs19.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/18},
}

@inproceedings{Bock2019a,
	author = {Kevin Bock and George Hughey and Xiao Qiang and Dave Levin},
	title = {{Geneva}: Evolving Censorship Evasion Strategies},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Bock2019a.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/23},
}

@inproceedings{Iszaevich2019a,
	author = {Gunnar Eyal Wolf Iszaevich},
	title = {Distributed Detection of {Tor} Directory Authorities Censorship in {Mexico}},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Networks},
	publisher = {IARIA},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://tics.site/proceedings/2019a/icn_2019_6_20_38010.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ververis2019a,
	author = {Vasilis Ververis and Marios Isaakidis and Valentin Weber and Benjamin Fabian},
	title = {Shedding Light on Mobile App Store Censorship},
	booktitle = {User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://github.com/hack66/appavail/blob/master/AppStoreCensorship.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wright2018a,
	author = {Joss Wright and Alexander Darer and Oliver Farnan},
	title = {On Identifying Anomalies in {Tor} Usage with Applications in Detecting Internet Censorship},
	booktitle = {Web Science},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://sci-hub.se/https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3201093},
}

@inproceedings{Sheffey2019a,
	author = {Steven R. Sheffey and Ferrol Aderholdt},
	title = {Improving Meek With Adversarial Techniques},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_sheffey.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/13},
}

@inproceedings{Chai2019a,
	author = {Zimo Chai and Amirhossein Ghafari and Amir Houmansadr},
	title = {On the Importance of Encrypted-{SNI} ({ESNI}) to Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_chai_update.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/10},
}

@inproceedings{Knockel2019a,
	author = {Ruohan Xiong and Jeffrey Knockel},
	title = {An Efficient Method to Determine which Combination of Keywords Triggered Automatic Filtering of a Message},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_xiong.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hoang2019a,
	author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Sadie Doreen and Michalis Polychronakis},
	title = {Measuring {I2P} Censorship at a Global Scale},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/foci19-paper_hoang.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/12},
}

@inproceedings{Bocovich2017a,
	author = {Cecylia Bocovich and John A. Doucette and Ian Goldberg},
	title = {{Lavinia}: An audit-payment protocol for censorship-resistant storage},
	booktitle = {Financial Cryptography and Data Security},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://ifca.ai/fc17/preproceedings/paper_19.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Nasr2019a,
	author = {Milad Nasr and Sadegh Farhang and Amir Houmansadr and Jens Grossklags},
	title = {Enemy At the Gateways: Censorship-Resilient Proxy Distribution Using Game Theory},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/TorGame.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Frolov2019a,
	author = {Sergey Frolov and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {The use of {TLS} in Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://tlsfingerprint.io/static/frolov2019.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/54},
}

@inproceedings{Deng2017a,
	author = {Ziye Deng and Zihan Liu and Zhouguo Chen and Yubin Guo},
	title = {The Random Forest based Detection of Shadowsock's Traffic},
	booktitle = {Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Deng2017a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Yadav2018a,
	author = {Tarun Kumar Yadav and Akshat Sinha and Devashish Gosain and Piyush Kumar Sharma and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {Where The Light Gets In: Analyzing Web Censorship Mechanisms in {India}},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/3280000/3278555/p252-Yadav.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{McDonald2018a,
	author = {Allison McDonald and Matthew Bernhard and Luke Valenta and Benjamin VanderSloot and Will Scott and Nick Sullivan and J. Alex Halderman and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {403 Forbidden: A Global View of {CDN} Geoblocking},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/3280000/3278552/p218-McDonald.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hoang2018a,
	author = {Nguyen Phong Hoang and Panagiotis Kintis and Manos Antonakakis and Michalis Polychronakis},
	title = {An Empirical Study of the {I2P} Anonymity Network and its Censorship Resistance},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.09086.pdf},
}

@article{Bocovich2018a,
	author = {Cecylia Bocovich and Ian Goldberg},
	title = {Secure asymmetry and deployability for decoy routing systems},
	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2018},
	number = {3},
	publisher = {De Gruyter Open},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {43--62},
	url = {https://www.petsymposium.org/2018/files/papers/issue3/popets-2018-0020.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://groups.google.com/g/traffic-obf/c/76xh3oS6wkE/m/pUroVpICGAAJ},
}

@inproceedings{Barradas2018a,
	author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos and Luís Rodrigues},
	title = {Effective Detection of Multimedia Protocol Tunneling using Machine Learning},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity18/sec18-barradas.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://groups.google.com/g/traffic-obf/c/qAFtEo2pj1M/m/uZDLGYhjBgAJ},
}

@inproceedings{VanderSloot2018a,
	author = {Benjamin VanderSloot and Allison McDonald and Will Scott and J. Alex Halderman and Roya Ensafi},
	title = {{Quack}: Scalable Remote Measurement of Application-Layer Censorship},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity18/sec18-vandersloot.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/2},
}

@inproceedings{Nisar2018a,
	author = {Aqib Nisar and Aqsa Kashaf and Ihsan Ayyub Qazi and Zartash Afzal Uzmi},
	title = {Incentivizing Censorship Measurements via Circumvention},
	booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://dl.acm.org/authorize?N666961},
}

@inproceedings{Dunna2018a,
	author = {Arun Dunna and Ciarán O'Brien and Phillipa Gill},
	title = {Analyzing {China}'s Blocking of Unpublished {Tor} Bridges},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci18/foci18-paper-dunna.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://groups.google.com/g/traffic-obf/c/-z0gzKONGtI},
}

@inproceedings{Manfredi2018a,
	author = {Victoria Manfredi and Pi Songkuntham},
	title = {{MultiFlow}: Cross-Connection Decoy Routing using {TLS} 1.3 Session Resumption},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci18/foci18-paper-manfredi.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://groups.google.com/g/traffic-obf/c/X6fE99hinMU/m/OwbH7TldBgAJ},
}

@inproceedings{Knockel2018a,
	author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Lotus Ruan and Masashi Crete-Nishihata},
	title = {An analysis of automatic image filtering on {WeChat Moments}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci18/foci18-paper-knockel.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tschantz2018a,
	author = {Michael Carl Tschantz and Sadia Afroz and Shaarif Sajid and Shoaib Asif Qazi and Mobin Javed and Vern Paxson},
	title = {A Bestiary of Blocking: The Motivations and Modes behind Website Unavailability},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci18/foci18-paper-tschantz.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hounsel2018a,
	author = {Austin Hounsel and Prateek Mittal and Nick Feamster},
	title = {Automatically Generating a Large, Culture-Specific Blocklist for {China}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci18/foci18-paper-hounsel.pdf},
}

@article{Hobbs2018a,
	author = {William R. Hobbs and Margaret E. Roberts},
	title = {How Sudden Censorship Can Increase Access to Information},
	journal = {American Political Science Review},
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	number = {3},
	publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
	year = {2018},
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	url = {https://www.margaretroberts.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/selfiecensorship.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Li2017b,
	author = {Zhihao Li and Stephen Herwig and Dave Levin},
	title = {{DeTor}: Provably Avoiding Geographic Regions in {Tor}},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
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	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity17/sec17-li.pdf},
}

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	author = {Dave Levin and Youndo Lee and Luke Valenta and Zhihao Li and Victoria Lai and Cristian Lumezanu and Neil Spring and Bobby Bhattacharjee},
	title = {Alibi Routing},
	booktitle = {SIGCOMM},
	publisher = {ACM},
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	url = {https://conferences.sigcomm.org/sigcomm/2015/pdf/papers/p611.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Ng2018a,
	author = {Kei Yin Ng and Anna Feldman and Chris Leberknight},
	title = {Detecting Censorable Content on {Sina} {Weibo}: A Pilot Study},
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	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Ng2018a.pdf},
}

@article{Narayanan2015a,
	author = {Arvind Narayanan and Bendert Zevenbergen},
	title = {No Encore for {Encore}? Ethical Questions for Web-Based Censorship Measurement},
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	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Narayanan2015a.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Gosain2017a,
	author = {Devashish Gosain and Anshika Agarwal and Sahil Shekhawat and H. B. Acharya and Sambuddho Chakravarty},
	title = {Mending Wall: On the Implementation of Censorship in {I}ndia},
	booktitle = {SecureComm},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Gosain2017a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Martiny2018a,
	author = {Ian Martiny and Ian Miers and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {Proof-of-Censorship: Enabling centralized censorship-resistant content providers},
	booktitle = {Financial Cryptography and Data Security},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2018},
	url = {https://fc18.ifca.ai/preproceedings/95.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Javaid2017a,
	author = {Hira Javaid and Hafiz Kamran Khalil and Zartash Afzal Uzmi and Ihsan Ayyub Qazi},
	title = {Online Advertising under {Internet} Censorship},
	booktitle = {Hot Topics in Networks},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://conferences.sigcomm.org/hotnets/2017/papers/hotnets17-final110.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ververis2017a,
	author = {Vasilis Ververis and Marios Isaakidis and Chrystalleni Loizidou and Benjamin Fabian},
	title = {{Internet} Censorship Capabilities in {Cyprus}: An Investigation of Online Gambling Blocklisting},
	booktitle = {E-Democracy},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Ververis2017a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Lu2017a,
	author = {Zhen Lu and Zhenhua Li and Jian Yang and Tianyin Xu and Ennan Zhai and Yao Liu and Christo Wilson},
	title = {Accessing {Google Scholar} under Extreme {Internet} Censorship: A Legal Avenue},
	booktitle = {Middleware},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Lu2017a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Cho2017a,
	author = {Shinyoung Cho and Rishab Nithyanand and Abbas Razaghpanah and Phillipa Gill},
	title = {A Churn for the Better: Localizing Censorship using Network-level Path Churn and Network Tomography},
	booktitle = {Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~phillipa/papers/conext2017_churn_paper.pdf},
}

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	publisher = {ACM},
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@inproceedings{Li2017a,
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	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
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	year = {2017},
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@inproceedings{Morshed2017a,
	author = {Mehrab Bin Morshed and Michaelanne Dye and Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed and Neha Kumar},
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	booktitle = {Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2017},
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@inproceedings{Singh2017a,
	author = {Rachee Singh and Rishab Nithyanand and Sadia Afroz and Paul Pearce and Michael Carl Tschantz and Phillipa Gill and Vern Paxson},
	title = {Characterizing the Nature and Dynamics of {Tor} Exit Blocking},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity17/sec17-singh.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Pearce2017b,
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	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity17/sec17-pearce.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Darer2017a,
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	publisher = {IFIP},
	year = {2017},
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@inproceedings{Knockel2017a,
	author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Lotus Ruan and Masashi Crete-Nishihata},
	title = {Measuring Decentralization of {Chinese} Keyword Censorship via Mobile Games},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci17/foci17-paper-knockel.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tanash2017a,
	author = {Rima Tanash and Zhouhan Chen and Dan Wallach and Melissa Marschall},
	title = {The Decline of Social Media Censorship and the Rise of Self-Censorship after the 2016 Failed {Turkish} Coup},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci17/foci17-paper-tanash.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Jermyn2017a,
	author = {Jill Jermyn and Nicholas Weaver},
	title = {{Autosonda}: Discovering Rules and Triggers of Censorship Devices},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci17/foci17-paper-jermyn.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://groups.google.com/g/traffic-obf/c/HkmVtobDHmM/m/UNjeyVujCAAJ},
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@inproceedings{Frolov2017a,
	author = {Sergey Frolov and Fred Douglas and Will Scott and Allison McDonald and Benjamin VanderSloot and Rod Hynes and Adam Kruger and Michalis Kallitsis and David G. Robinson and Steve Schultze and Nikita Borisov and J. Alex Halderman and Eric Wustrow},
	title = {An {ISP}-Scale Deployment of {TapDance}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci17/foci17-paper-frolov_0.pdf},
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@article{Barradas2017a,
	author = {Diogo Barradas and Nuno Santos and Luís Rodrigues},
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	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	volume = {2017},
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	publisher = {De Gruyter Open},
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@article{Weinberg2017a,
	author = {Zachary Weinberg and Mahmood Sharif and Janos Szurdi and Nicolas Christin},
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	journal = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
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	publisher = {De Gruyter Open},
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@article{Lee2017a,
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	volume = {2017},
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@inproceedings{Pearce2017a,
	author = {Paul Pearce and Roya Ensafi and Frank Li and Nick Feamster and Vern Paxson},
	title = {{Augur}: {Internet}-Wide Detection of Connectivity Disruptions},
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	publisher = {IEEE},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.ieee-security.org/TC/SP2017/papers/586.pdf},
}

@article{Heydari2017a,
	author = {Vahid Heydari and Sun-il Kim and Seong-Moo Yoo},
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	year = {2017},
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	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Heydari2017a.pdf},
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	year = {2017},
	url = {https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~yoshi/papers/GebhartEtAl-IEEEEuroSP.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Bocovich2016a,
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@inproceedings{Nasr2016a,
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@inproceedings{Zolfaghari2016a,
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@inproceedings{Akbar2016a,
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	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
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	year = {2016},
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@inproceedings{Safaka2016a,
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	year = {2016},
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@inproceedings{Douglas2016b,
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	year = {2016},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci16/foci16-paper-douglas.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Fifield2016a,
	author = {David Fifield and Lynn Tsai},
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	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2016},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci16/foci16-paper-fifield.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Singh2016a,
	author = {Rachee Singh and Hyungjoon Koo and Najmehalsadat Miramirkhani and Fahimeh Mirhaj and Phillipa Gill and Leman Akoglu},
	title = {The Politics of Routing: Investigating the Relationship Between {AS} Connectivity and {Internet} Freedom},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2016},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci16/foci16-paper-singh.pdf},
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	title = {Revealing Middlebox Interference with {Tracebox}},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://conferences.sigcomm.org/imc/2013/papers/imc032s-detalA.pdf},
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	institution = {The Tor Project},
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@inproceedings{Duan2012a,
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	title = {{Hold-On}: Protecting Against On-Path {DNS} Poisoning},
	booktitle = {Securing and Trusting Internet Names},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {National Physical Laboratory},
	url = {https://www.icir.org/vern/papers/hold-on.satin12.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Dyer2013a,
	author = {Kevin P. Dyer and Scott E. Coull and Thomas Ristenpart and Thomas Shrimpton},
	title = {Protocol Misidentification Made Easy with {Format-Transforming Encryption}},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	year = {2013},
	publisher = {ACM},
	url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2012/494.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Ensafi2014a,
	author = {Roya Ensafi and Jeffrey Knockel and Geoffrey Alexander and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	title = {Detecting Intentional Packet Drops on the {Internet} via {TCP/IP} Side Channels},
	booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1312.5739v1.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Espinoza2011a,
	author = {Antonio M. Espinoza and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Automated Named Entity Extraction for Tracking Censorship of Current Events},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Espinoza.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Feamster2002a,
	author = {Nick Feamster and Magdalena Balazinska and Greg Harfst and Hari Balakrishnan and David Karger},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{Infranet}: Circumventing Web Censorship and Surveillance},
	year = {2002},
	url = {http://wind.lcs.mit.edu/papers/usenixsec2002.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Feamster2003a,
	author = {Nick Feamster and Magdalena Balazinska and Winston Wang and Hari Balakrishnan and David Karger},
	booktitle = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	pages = {125--140},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Thwarting Web Censorship with Untrusted Messenger Discovery},
	year = {2003},
	url = {http://nms.csail.mit.edu/papers/disc-pet2003.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Fifield2012a,
	author = {David Fifield and Nate Hardison and Jonathan Ellithorpe and Emily Stark and Roger Dingledine and Phil Porras and Dan Boneh},
	booktitle = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium},
	pages = {239--258},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Evading Censorship with Browser-Based Proxies},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://crypto.stanford.edu/flashproxy/flashproxy.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Fifield2013a,
	author = {David Fifield and Gabi Nakibly and Dan Boneh},
	booktitle = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {{OSS}: Using Online Scanning Services for Censorship Circumvention},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://www.freehaven.net/anonbib/papers/pets2013/paper_29.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Filasto2012a,
	author = {Arturo Filastò and Jacob Appelbaum},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{OONI}: Open Observatory of Network Interference},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final12.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Geddes2013a,
	author = {John Geddes and Max Schuchard and Nicholas Hopper},
	title = {Cover Your {ACK}s: Pitfalls of Covert Channel Censorship Circumvention},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	year = {2013},
	publisher = {ACM},
	url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/ccs13-cya.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Hasan2013a,
	author = {Shaddi Hasan and Yahel Ben-David and Giulia Fanti and Eric Brewer and Scott Shenker},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Building Dissent Networks: Towards Effective Countermeasures against Large-Scale Communications Blackouts},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Hasan2013a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Houmansadr2011a,
	author = {Amir Houmansadr and Giang T. K. Nguyen and Matthew Caesar and Nikita Borisov},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	pages = {187--200},
	publisher = {ACM},
	title = {{Cirripede}: Circumvention Infrastructure using Router Redirection with Plausible Deniability},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/CCS11-Cirripede.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Houmansadr2013a,
	author = {Amir Houmansadr and Thomas Riedl and Nikita Borisov and Andrew Singer},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	title = {I want my voice to be heard: {IP} over Voice-over-{IP} for unobservable censorship circumvention},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/FreeWave.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Houmansadr2013b,
	author = {Amir Houmansadr and Chad Brubaker and Vitaly Shmatikov},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Security \& Privacy},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	title = {The Parrot is Dead: Observing Unobservable Network Communications},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://people.cs.umass.edu/~amir/papers/parrot.pdf},
	discussion_url = {https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/244},
}

@inproceedings{Houmansadr2014a,
	author = {Amir Houmansadr and Edmund L. Wong and Vitaly Shmatikov},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	title = {No Direction Home: The True Cost of Routing Around Decoys},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://dedis.cs.yale.edu/dissent/papers/nodirection.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Invernizzi2013a,
	author = {Luca Invernizzi and Christopher Kruegel and Giovanni Vigna},
	booktitle = {Annual Computer Security Applications Conference},
	title = {{Message In A Bottle}: Sailing Past Censorship},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://sites.cs.ucsb.edu/~chris/research/doc/acsac13_message.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Jones2014a,
	author = {Ben Jones and Sam Burnett and Nick Feamster and Sean Donovan and Sarthak Grover and Sathya Gunasekaran and Karim Habak},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{Facade}: High-Throughput, Deniable Censorship Circumvention Using Web Search},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci14/foci14_jones-8-8-14.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Jones2014b,
	author = {Ben Jones and Tzu-Wen Lee and Nick Feamster and Phillipa Gill},
	title = {Automated Detection and Fingerprinting of Censorship Block Pages},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2014/papers/p299.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Karlin2011a,
	author = {Josh Karlin and Daniel Ellard and Alden W. Jackson and Christine E. Jones and Greg Lauer and David P. Mankins and W. Timothy Strayer},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Decoy Routing: Toward Unblockable {Internet} Communication},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Karlin.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Kathuria2011a,
	author = {Karl Kathuria},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Bypassing {Internet} Censorship for News Broadcasters},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Kathuria.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Khattak2013a,
	author = {Sheharbano Khattak and Mobin Javed and Philip D. Anderson and Vern Paxson},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Towards Illuminating a Censorship Monitor's Model to Facilitate Evasion},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Khattak2013a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Khattak2014a,
	author = {Sheharbano Khattak and Mobin Javed and Syed Ali Khayam and Zartash Afzal Uzmi and Vern Paxson},
	title = {A Look at the Consequences of {Internet} Censorship Through an {ISP} Lens},
	booktitle = {Internet Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://conferences2.sigcomm.org/imc/2014/papers/p271.pdf},
}

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	author = {Gary King and Jennifer Pan and Margaret E. Roberts},
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	year = {2014},
	volume = {345},
	number = {6199},
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}

@article{King2012a,
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	year = {2012},
	url = {https://gking.harvard.edu/files/censored.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Knockel2011a,
	author = {Jeffrey Knockel and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Jared Saia},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Three Researchers, Five Conjectures: An Empirical Analysis of {TOM-Skype} Censorship and Surveillance},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Knockel.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Koepsell2004a,
	author = {Stefan Köpsell and Ulf Hillig},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
	title = {How to Achieve Blocking Resistance for Existing Systems Enabling Anonymous Web Surfing},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {47--58},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Koepsell2004a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Li2014a,
	author = {Shuai Li and Mike Schliep and Nick Hopper},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
	title = {{Facet}: Streaming over Videoconferencing for Censorship Circumvention},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/facet-wpes14.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Lincoln2012a,
	author = {Patrick Lincoln and Ian Mason and Phillip Porras and Vinod Yegneswaran and Zachary Weinberg and Jeroen Massar and William Simpson and Paul Vixie and Dan Boneh},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Bootstrapping Communications into an Anti-Censorship System},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final7.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ling2012a,
	author = {Zhen Ling and Xinwen Fu and Wei Yu and Junzhou Luo and Ming Yang},
	booktitle = {INFOCOM},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	title = {Extensive Analysis and Large-Scale Empirical Evaluation of {Tor} Bridge Discovery},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.cs.uml.edu/~xinwenfu/paper/Bridge.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Liu2011a,
	author = {Vincent Liu and Seungyeop Han and Arvind Krishnamurthy and Thomas Anderson},
	booktitle = {Hot Topics in Networks},
	publisher = {ACM},
	title = {{Tor} Instead of {IP}},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://conferences.sigcomm.org/hotnets/2011/papers/hotnetsX-final131.pdf},
}

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	title = {The Great {DNS} Wall of {China}},
	institution = {New York University},
	year = {2007},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Lowe2007a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Luchaup2014a,
	author = {Daniel Luchaup and Kevin P. Dyer and Somesh Jha and Thomas Ristenpart and Thomas Shrimpton},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{LibFTE}: A Toolkit for Constructing Practical, Format-Abiding Encryption Schemes},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity14/sec14-paper-luchaup.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Mahdian2010a,
	author = {Mohammad Mahdian},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Fun with Algorithms},
	pages = {296--306},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Fighting Censorship with Algorithms},
	year = {2010},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Mahdian2010a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{McCoy2011a,
	author = {Damon McCoy and Jose Andre Morales and Kirill Levchenko},
	booktitle = {Financial Cryptography and Data Security},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {{Proximax}: A Measurement Based System for Proxies Dissemination},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~klevchen/mml-fc11.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Moghaddam2012a,
	author = {Hooman {Mohajeri Moghaddam} and Baiyu Li and Mohammad Derakhshani and Ian Goldberg},
	title = {{SkypeMorph}: Protocol Obfuscation for {Tor} Bridges},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {ACM},
	url = {https://www.cypherpunks.ca/~iang/pubs/skypemorph-ccs.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Morrison2014a,
	author = {Donn Morrison},
	title = {Toward automatic censorship detection in microblogs},
	booktitle = {Data Mining in Social Networks},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.5310v2.pdf},
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@inproceedings{Nabi2013a,
	author = {Zubair Nabi},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {The Anatomy of Web Censorship in {Pakistan}},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Nabi2013a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Nobori2014a,
	author = {Daiyuu Nobori and Yasushi Shinjo},
	booktitle = {Networked Systems Design and Implementation},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{VPN Gate}: A Volunteer-Organized Public {VPN} Relay System with Blocking Resistance for Bypassing Government Censorship Firewalls},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdi14/nsdi14-paper-nobori.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Park2010a,
	author = {Jong Chun Park and Jedidiah R. Crandall},
	booktitle = {Distributed Computing Systems},
	pages = {315--326},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	title = {Empirical Study of a National-Scale Distributed Intrusion Detection System: Backbone-Level Filtering of {HTML} Responses in {China}},
	year = {2010},
	url = {https://www.cs.unm.edu/~crandall/icdcs2010.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Perng2005a,
	author = {Ginger Perng and Michael K. Reiter and Chenxi Wang},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Information Hiding},
	pages = {62--76},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Censorship Resistance Revisited},
	year = {2005},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Perng2005a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Roberts2011a,
	author = {Hal Roberts and David Larochelle and Rob Faris and John Palfrey},
	booktitle = {Computer Communications Workshop},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	title = {Mapping Local {Internet} Control},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://cyber.law.harvard.edu/netmaps/mlic_20110513.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Rogers2012a,
	author = {Michael Rogers and Eleanor Saitta},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
	publisher = {ACM},
	title = {Secure Communication over Diverse Transports},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {75--80},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Rogers2012a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Roos2014a,
	author = {Stefanie Roos and Benjamin Schiller and Stefan Hacker and Thorsten Strufe},
	title = {Measuring {Freenet} in the Wild: Censorship-resilience under Observation},
	booktitle = {Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2014/papers/paper_71.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Ruffing2013a,
	author = {Tim Ruffing and Jonas Schneider and Aniket Kate},
	booktitle = {Hot Topics in Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	title = {Identity-Based Steganography and Its Applications to Censorship Resistance},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2013/papers/ruffing-censorship.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Schuchard2012a,
	author = {Max Schuchard and John Geddes and Christopher Thompson and Nicholas Hopper},
	title = {Routing Around Decoys},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {ACM},
	url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/decoy-ccs12.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Seltzer2011a,
	author = {Wendy Seltzer},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Infrastructures of Censorship and Lessons from Copyright Resistance},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Seltzer.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Serjantov2002a,
	author = {Andrei Serjantov},
	booktitle = {International Workshop on Peer-To-Peer Systems},
	publisher = {Springer},
	title = {Anonymizing Censorship Resistant Systems},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {111--120},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Serjantov2002a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sfakianakis2011a,
	author = {Andreas Sfakianakis and Elias Athanasopoulos and Sotiris Ioannidis},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {{CensMon}: A Web Censorship Monitor},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Sfakianakis.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Shklovski2011a,
	author = {Irina Shklovski and Nalini P. Kotamraju},
	title = {Online Contribution Practices in Countries that Engage in {Internet} Blocking and Censorship},
	booktitle = {CHI},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Shklovski2011a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Sovran2008a,
	author = {Yair Sovran and Alana Libonati and Jinyang Li},
	booktitle = {International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Pass it on: Social Networks Stymie Censors},
	year = {2008},
	url = {https://www.cs.toronto.edu/iptps2008/final/73.pdf},
}

@techreport{Stubblefield2001a,
	author = {Adam Stubblefield and Dan S. Wallach},
	title = {{Dagster}: Censorship-Resistant Publishing Without Replication},
	institution = {Rice University},
	year = {2001},
	url = {https://www.cs.rice.edu/~dwallach/pub/dagster-tr.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Tan2014a,
	author = {Henry Tan and Micah Sherr},
	title = {Censorship Resistance as a Side-Effect},
	booktitle = {Security Protocols},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Tan2014a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Thomas2012a,
	author = {Kurt Thomas and Chris Grier and Vern Paxson},
	title = {Adapting Social Spam Infrastructure for Political Censorship},
	booktitle = {Large-Scale Exploits and Emergent Threats},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/leet12/leet12-final13_0.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Vasserman2012a,
	author = {Eugene Y. Vasserman and Victor Heorhiadi and Nicholas Hopper and Yongdae Kim},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {One-way indexing for plausible deniability in censorship resistant storage},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final5.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Verkamp2012a,
	author = {John-Paul Verkamp and Minaxi Gupta},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Inferring Mechanics of Web Censorship Around the World},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final1.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Verkamp2013a,
	author = {John-Paul Verkamp and Minaxi Gupta},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	title = {Five Incidents, One Theme: {Twitter} Spam as a Weapon to Drown Voices of Protest},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Verkamp2013a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wachs2013a,
	author = {Matthias Wachs and Martin Schanzenbach and Christian Grothoff},
	title = {On the Feasibility of a Censorship Resistant Decentralized Name System},
	booktitle = {Foundations \& Practice of Security},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://grothoff.org/christian/fps2013wachs.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wachs2014a,
	author = {Matthias Wachs and Martin Schanzenbach and Christian Grothoff},
	title = {A Censorship-Resistant, Privacy-Enhancing and Fully Decentralized Name System},
	booktitle = {Cryptology and Network Security},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://schanzen.eu/pubs/gns2014wachs.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Waldman2000a,
	author = {Marc Waldman and Aviel D. Rubin and Lorrie Faith Cranor},
	title = {{Publius}: A robust, tamper-evident, censorship-resistant web publishing system},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2000},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/sec2000/waldman/waldman.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Waldman2001a,
	author = {Marc Waldman and David Mazières},
	title = {{Tangler}: A Censorship-Resistant Publishing System Based On Document Entanglements},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {126--135},
	url = {https://www.cs.nyu.edu/~waldman/tangler.ps},
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@inproceedings{Wang2012a,
	author = {Qiyan Wang and Xun Gong and Giang T. K. Nguyen and Amir Houmansadr and Nikita Borisov},
	title = {{CensorSpoofer}: Asymmetric Communication using {IP} Spoofing for Censorship-Resistant Web Browsing},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Wang2012a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wang2013a,
	author = {Qiyan Wang and Zi Lin and Nikita Borisov and Nicholas J. Hopper},
	title = {{rBridge}: User Reputation based {Tor} Bridge Distribution with Privacy Preservation},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hopper/rbridge_ndss13.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Weaver2009a,
	author = {Nicholas Weaver and Robin Sommer and Vern Paxson},
	title = {Detecting Forged {TCP} Reset Packets},
	booktitle = {Network and Distributed System Security},
	publisher = {The Internet Society},
	year = {2009},
	url = {https://www.ndss-symposium.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/weav.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Weinberg2012a,
	author = {Zachary Weinberg and Jeffrey Wang and Vinod Yegneswaran and Linda Briesemeister and Steven Cheung and Frank Wang and Dan Boneh},
	title = {{StegoTorus}: A Camouflage Proxy for the {Tor} Anonymity System},
	booktitle = {Computer and Communications Security},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.frankwang.org/files/papers/ccs2012.pdf},
}

@techreport{Wiley2011a,
	author = {Brandon Wiley},
	title = {{Dust}: A Blocking-Resistant {Internet} Transport Protocol},
	institution = {University of Texas at Austin},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Wiley2011a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Winter2012a,
	author = {Philipp Winter and Stefan Lindskog},
	title = {How the {Great Firewall} of {China} is Blocking {Tor}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/foci12/foci12-final2.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Winter2013a,
	author = {Philipp Winter},
	title = {Towards a Censorship Analyser for {Tor}},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Winter2013a.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Winter2013b,
	author = {Philipp Winter and Tobias Pulls and Juergen Fuss},
	title = {{ScrambleSuit}: A Polymorphic Network Protocol to Circumvent Censorship},
	booktitle = {Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society},
	publisher = {ACM},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://censorbib.nymity.ch/pdf/Winter2013b.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wright2011a,
	author = {Joss Wright and Tulio de Souza and Ian Brown},
	title = {Fine-Grained Censorship Mapping: Information Sources, Legality and Ethics},
	booktitle = {Free and Open Communications on the Internet},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/foci11/tech/final_files/Wright.pdf},
}

@techreport{Wright2012a,
	author = {Joss Wright},
	title = {Regional Variation in {Chinese Internet} Filtering},
	institution = {University of Oxford},
	year = {2012},
	url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2265775_code1448244.pdf?abstractid=2265775&mirid=3},
}

@inproceedings{Wustrow2011a,
	author = {Eric Wustrow and Scott Wolchok and Ian Goldberg and J. Alex Halderman},
	title = {{Telex}: Anticensorship in the Network Infrastructure},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2011},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/event/sec11/tech/full_papers/Wustrow.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Wustrow2014a,
	author = {Eric Wustrow and Colleen M. Swanson and J. Alex Halderman},
	title = {{TapDance}: End-to-Middle Anticensorship without Flow Blocking},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2014},
	url = {https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity14/sec14-paper-wustrow.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Xu2011a,
	author = {Xueyang Xu and Z. Morley Mao and J. Alex Halderman},
	title = {{Internet} Censorship in {China}: Where Does the Filtering Occur?},
	booktitle = {Passive and Active Measurement Conference},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {133--142},
	url = {https://web.eecs.umich.edu/~zmao/Papers/china-censorship-pam11.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Zhou2013a,
	author = {Wenxuan Zhou and Amir Houmansadr and Matthew Caesar and Nikita Borisov},
	title = {{SWEET}: Serving the Web by Exploiting Email Tunnels},
	booktitle = {Hot Topics in Privacy Enhancing Technologies},
	publisher = {Springer},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://petsymposium.org/2013/papers/zhou-censorship.pdf},
}

@inproceedings{Zhu2013a,
	author = {Tao Zhu and David Phipps and Adam Pridgen and Jedidiah R. Crandall and Dan S. Wallach},
	title = {The Velocity of Censorship: High-Fidelity Detection of Microblog Post Deletions},
	booktitle = {USENIX Security Symposium},
	publisher = {USENIX},
	year = {2013},
	url = {https://www.cs.unm.edu/~crandall/usenix13.pdf},
}