CountingValleys.java

import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.function.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.util.stream.*;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;

class Result {

    /*
     * Complete the 'countingValleys' function below.
     *
     * The function is expected to return an INTEGER.
     * The function accepts following parameters:
     *  1. INTEGER steps
     *  2. STRING path
     */

    public static int countingValleys(int steps, String path) {
       int counter = 0 ,flag = 0 ,result = 0;
       for(int i=0;i<steps;i++){
          if(path.charAt(i) == 'U'){
             counter++;     
          }else{
             counter--; 
          }
          if(counter < 0 && flag == 0){ 
             flag = 1;
             result++;
          }
          if(counter >= 0){
            flag = 0;
          }
       }

       return result;

    }

}

public class CountingValleys {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(System.getenv("OUTPUT_PATH")));

        int steps = Integer.parseInt(bufferedReader.readLine().trim());

        String path = bufferedReader.readLine();

        int result = Result.countingValleys(steps, path);

        bufferedWriter.write(String.valueOf(result));
        bufferedWriter.newLine();

        bufferedReader.close();
        bufferedWriter.close();
    }
}