From 8d21bfa63ea4b4b3b5b5445e162605798198c2bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2025 19:59:35 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 01/15] batch: update submission timestamp logging and state
 roots info

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts               | 9 +++++++--
 .../src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts         | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
index 766abdb1ea45e..8634654580ab1 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
@@ -275,7 +275,6 @@ export abstract class BatchSubmitter {
       err: any
     ) => Promise<boolean>
   ): Promise<ethers.TransactionReceipt> {
-    this.lastBatchSubmissionTimestamp = Date.now()
     this.logger.debug('Submitting transaction & waiting for receipt...')
 
     let receipt: ethers.TransactionReceipt
@@ -308,7 +307,13 @@ export abstract class BatchSubmitter {
       return
     }
 
-    this.logger.info('Received transaction receipt', { receipt })
+    // Update last submission timestamp when it's successful
+    this.lastBatchSubmissionTimestamp = Date.now()
+    this.logger.info('Received transaction receipt', {
+      txHash: receipt.hash,
+      blockNumber: receipt.blockNumber,
+      status: receipt.status,
+    })
     this.logger.info(successMessage)
     this.metrics.batchesSubmitted.inc()
     this.metrics.submissionGasUsed.observe(toNumber(receipt.gasUsed))
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
index 7061f8e5ef13d..7221043b9b57c 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ export class StateBatchSubmitter extends BatchSubmitter {
     }
 
     this.logger.info('Generated state commitment batch', {
-      stateRoots, // list of stateRoots
+      stateRootsCount: stateRoots.length,
     })
     return {
       stateRoots,

From a2846fdf1bad26205b453588413f4cd67c219856 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:31:04 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 02/15] batch: add inbox steps storage

---
 packages/batch-submitter/package.json         |   2 +-
 .../tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts               | 263 +++++++++++-------
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter.ts |  19 --
 packages/batch-submitter/src/da/types.ts      |   9 +
 .../src/storage/inbox-storage.ts              |  91 +++---
 .../src/storage/pending-storage.ts            |   5 +-
 .../src/utils/tx-submission.ts                |  13 +-
 yarn.lock                                     |  25 +-
 8 files changed, 253 insertions(+), 174 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/package.json b/packages/batch-submitter/package.json
index c11d291008f9a..69e44a79bca4e 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/package.json
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/package.json
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
     "@types/chai": "^4.2.18",
     "@types/lodash": "^4.14.168",
     "@types/mocha": "^8.2.2",
-    "@types/node": "^15.12.2",
+    "@types/node": "22",
     "@types/prettier": "^2.2.3",
     "@types/rimraf": "^3.0.0",
     "@types/sinon": "^9.0.10",
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 1eb189df2ffdb..e1b746db06e21 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import {
   MinioConfig,
   QueueOrigin,
   remove0x,
-  sleep,
   toHexString,
   zlibCompressHexString,
 } from '@metis.io/core-utils'
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ import {
   InboxBatchParams,
   TxData,
 } from '../da/types'
-import { InboxStorage } from '../storage'
+import { InboxSteps, InboxStorage } from '../storage'
 import { PendingStorage } from '../storage/pending-storage'
 import { MpcClient, setTxEIP1559Fees, TransactionSubmitter } from '../utils'
 
@@ -86,6 +85,29 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       ) => Promise<boolean>
     ) => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
   ): Promise<TransactionReceipt> {
+    const steps = await this.inboxStorage.getStep()
+    if (
+      useBlob &&
+      steps !== null &&
+      steps.txHashes.length < steps.blobs.length + 1
+    ) {
+      this.logger.info(
+        'Previous batch submission incomplete, continue submitting it'
+      )
+      return this.submitSequencerBatch(
+        nextBatchIndex,
+        steps,
+        signer,
+        blobSigner,
+        mpcUrl,
+        mpcSignTimeout,
+        transactionSubmitter,
+        blobTransactionSubmitter,
+        hooks,
+        submitAndLogTx
+      )
+    }
+
     const params = await this._generateSequencerBatchParams(
       useBlob,
       startBlock,
@@ -101,10 +123,6 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
     const [batchParams, wasBatchTruncated] = params
     // encodeBatch of calldata for _shouldSubmitBatch
     let batchSizeInBytes = batchParams.inputData.length / 2
-    this.logger.debug('Sequencer batch generated', {
-      batchSizeInBytes,
-    })
-
     if (useBlob) {
       // when using blob txs, need to calculate the blob txs size,
       // to avoid the situation that the batch is too small,
@@ -112,10 +130,9 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       if (batchParams.blobTxData.length > 1) {
         batchSizeInBytes = 0
         for (const txData of batchParams.blobTxData) {
-          batchSizeInBytes += txData.blobs.reduce(
-            (acc, blob) => acc + blob.data.length,
-            0
-          )
+          for (const blob of txData.blobs) {
+            batchSizeInBytes += blob.data.length
+          }
         }
       }
     }
@@ -125,18 +142,32 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
     // 2. it is large enough
     // 3. enough time has passed since last submission
     if (!wasBatchTruncated && !shouldSubmitBatch(batchSizeInBytes)) {
+      this.logger.info('Skipping batch submission to inbox', {
+        meta: batchParams.inputMeta,
+        useBlob,
+        batchSizeInBytes,
+        wasBatchTruncated,
+      })
       return
     }
     metrics.numTxPerBatch.observe(endBlock - startBlock)
-    const l1tipHeight = await signer.provider.getBlockNumber()
-    this.logger.debug('Submitting batch to inbox.', {
-      calldata: batchParams,
-      l1tipHeight,
+    this.logger.debug('Submitting batch to inbox', {
+      meta: batchParams.inputMeta,
+      useBlob,
+      batchSizeInBytes,
+      wasBatchTruncated,
     })
 
+    // const params =
+    // steps == null || steps.txHashes.length === steps.blobs.length + 1
+
     return this.submitSequencerBatch(
       nextBatchIndex,
-      batchParams,
+      {
+        input: batchParams.inputData,
+        blobs: batchParams.blobTxData.map((tx) => tx.blobs.map((b) => b.data)),
+        txHashes: [],
+      },
       signer,
       blobSigner,
       mpcUrl,
@@ -154,7 +185,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
 
   private async submitSequencerBatch(
     nextBatchIndex: number,
-    batchParams: InboxBatchParams,
+    batchParams: InboxSteps,
     signer: Signer,
     // need the second signer for blob txs, since blob txs are in a separate tx pool,
     // in EIP4844, ethereum does not allow one account sending txs to multiple pools at the same time
@@ -173,58 +204,62 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       ) => Promise<boolean>
     ) => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
   ): Promise<TransactionReceipt> {
+    if (batchParams.txHashes.length === batchParams.blobs.length + 1) {
+      throw new Error('Batch already submitted')
+    }
+
     // MPC enabled: prepare nonce, gasPrice
-    const tx: TransactionRequest = {
+    const { chainId } = await signer.provider.getNetwork()
+    const inboxTx: TransactionRequest = {
+      type: 2,
+      chainId,
       to: this.inboxAddress,
-      data: '0x' + batchParams.inputData,
-      value: ethers.parseEther('0'),
+      data: '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input), // use remove0x for compatibility
+      value: 0n,
     }
 
-    const { chainId } = await signer.provider.getNetwork()
     // use blob txs if batch params contains blob tx data
-    const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobTxData && batchParams.blobTxData.length
+    const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
     if (sendBlobTx) {
       let mpcClient: MpcClient
+      let signerAddress: string
+      let mpcId: string
       if (mpcUrl) {
         mpcClient = new MpcClient(mpcUrl, this.logger)
+        // retrieve mpc info
+        // blob tx need to use mpc type 3 (specific for blob tx) to sign,
+        // just need to avoid collision with other tx types
+        const currentMpcInfo = await mpcClient.getLatestMpc('3')
+        if (!currentMpcInfo || !currentMpcInfo.mpc_address) {
+          throw new Error('MPC info get failed')
+        }
+        signerAddress = currentMpcInfo.mpc_address
+        mpcId = currentMpcInfo.mpc_id
+      } else {
+        signerAddress = await blobSigner.getAddress()
       }
 
       // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
-      const blobTxData = batchParams.blobTxData
+      const blobTxData = batchParams.blobs
+      this.logger.info('Submitting blob txs for inbox batch', {
+        count: blobTxData.length,
+      })
+
       // submit the blob txs in order, to simplify the process,
       // use serialized operations for now
-      // TODO: use paralleled submission
-      for (const txData of blobTxData) {
-        const blobs = txData.blobs
+      for (const [txIndex, blobs] of blobTxData.entries()) {
         if (!blobs || !blobs.length) {
           throw new Error('Invalid blob tx data, empty blobs')
         }
 
-        let signerAddress: string
-        let mpcId: string
-        if (mpcUrl) {
-          // retrieve mpc info
-          // blob tx need to use mpc type 3 (specific for blob tx) to sign,
-          // just need to avoid collision with other tx types
-          const currentMpcInfo = await mpcClient.getLatestMpc('3')
-          if (!currentMpcInfo || !currentMpcInfo.mpc_address) {
-            throw new Error('MPC info get failed')
-          }
-          signerAddress = currentMpcInfo.mpc_address
-          mpcId = currentMpcInfo.mpc_id
-        } else {
-          signerAddress = await blobSigner.getAddress()
+        if (batchParams.txHashes[txIndex]) {
+          this.logger.info('Blob tx already submitted, skipping', {
+            txIndex,
+            txHash: batchParams.txHashes[txIndex],
+          })
+          continue
         }
 
-        // async fetch required info
-        const nonce = await signer.provider.getTransactionCount(signerAddress)
-
-        this.logger.info('submitting blob tx', {
-          blobCount: blobs.length,
-          signerAddress,
-          nonce,
-        })
-
         const blobTx: ethers.TransactionRequest = {
           type: 3, // 3 for blob tx type
           to: this.inboxAddress,
@@ -232,11 +267,18 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           // so the gas limit is just the default tx gas
           gasLimit: TX_GAS,
           chainId,
-          nonce,
-          blobs: blobs.map((b) => b.data),
+          nonce: await signer.provider.getTransactionCount(signerAddress),
+          blobs,
           blobVersion: 1, // Osaka is enabled on all the chains
         }
 
+        this.logger.info('submitting blob tx', {
+          count: blobs.length,
+          from: signerAddress,
+          nonce: blobTx.nonce,
+          step: `${txIndex}/${blobTxData.length}`,
+        })
+
         // mpc model can use ynatm
         let submitTx: () => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
         if (mpcUrl) {
@@ -277,25 +319,19 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           }
         } else {
           submitTx = async (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
-            try {
-              const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-                blobTx,
-                await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(signerAddress),
-                this.l1Provider,
-                this.resubmissionTimeout
-              )
-              this.logger.info('Blob tx fees updated', {
-                maxFeePerGas: blobTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-                maxPriorityFeePerGas: blobTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-                maxFeePerBlobGas: blobTx.maxFeePerBlobGas.toString(),
-                replaced,
-              })
-
-              return blobTransactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(blobTx, hooks)
-            } catch (err) {
-              this.logger.error('blob tx submission failed', { err })
-              throw new Error('Blob tx submission failed')
-            }
+            const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
+              blobTx,
+              await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(signerAddress),
+              this.l1Provider,
+              this.resubmissionTimeout
+            )
+            this.logger.info('Blob tx fees updated', {
+              maxFeePerGas: blobTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
+              maxPriorityFeePerGas: blobTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
+              maxFeePerBlobGas: blobTx.maxFeePerBlobGas.toString(),
+              replaced,
+            })
+            return blobTransactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(blobTx, hooks)
           }
         }
 
@@ -323,18 +359,19 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           throw new Error('Blob tx submission failed')
         }
 
+        batchParams.txHashes.push(blobTxReceipt.hash)
+        await this.inboxStorage.insertStep(batchParams)
         // append tx hashes to the tx data to the end
-        tx.data += remove0x(blobTxReceipt.hash)
+        inboxTx.data += remove0x(blobTxReceipt.hash)
       }
     }
 
+    // Build and send inbox transaction
     // mpc url specified, use mpc to sign tx
     if (mpcUrl) {
-      // sleep 3000 ms to avoid mpc signing collision
-      this.logger.info('sleep 3000 ms to avoid mpc signing collision')
-      await sleep(3000)
-
-      this.logger.info('submitter with mpc', { url: mpcUrl })
+      this.logger.info('submitter inbox meta with mpc', {
+        blobTxs: batchParams.txHashes.join(','),
+      })
       const mpcClient = new MpcClient(mpcUrl, this.logger)
 
       const mpcInfo = await mpcClient.getLatestMpc()
@@ -343,38 +380,30 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       }
       const mpcAddress = mpcInfo.mpc_address
 
-      tx.type = 2
-      tx.nonce = await signer.provider.getTransactionCount(mpcAddress)
-      tx.gasLimit = await signer.provider.estimateGas({
-        to: tx.to,
+      inboxTx.nonce = await signer.provider.getTransactionCount(mpcAddress)
+      inboxTx.gasLimit = await signer.provider.estimateGas({
+        to: inboxTx.to,
         from: mpcAddress,
-        data: tx.data,
+        data: inboxTx.data,
       })
-      tx.chainId = chainId
 
       // mpc model can use ynatm
       const submitSignedTransaction = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
         return transactionSubmitter.submitSignedTransaction(
-          tx,
+          inboxTx,
           async () => {
             const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-              tx,
+              inboxTx,
               await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(mpcAddress),
               this.l1Provider,
               this.resubmissionTimeout
             )
             this.logger.info('MPC tx fees updated', {
-              maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-              maxPriorityFeePerGas: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
+              maxFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
+              maxPriorityFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
               replaced,
             })
-
-            const signedTx = await mpcClient.signTx(
-              tx,
-              mpcInfo.mpc_id,
-              mpcSignTimeout
-            )
-            return signedTx
+            return mpcClient.signTx(inboxTx, mpcInfo.mpc_id, mpcSignTimeout)
           },
           hooks
         )
@@ -383,50 +412,69 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       return submitAndLogTx(
         submitSignedTransaction,
         'Submitted batch to inbox with MPC!',
-        (receipt: TransactionReceipt | null, err: any): Promise<boolean> => {
-          return this._setBatchInboxRecord(receipt, err, nextBatchIndex)
+        async (
+          receipt: TransactionReceipt | null,
+          err: any
+        ): Promise<boolean> => {
+          return this._setBatchInboxRecord(
+            batchParams,
+            receipt,
+            err,
+            nextBatchIndex
+          )
         }
       )
     } else {
-      tx.nonce = await signer.getNonce()
-      tx.gasLimit = await signer.provider.estimateGas({
+      inboxTx.nonce = await signer.getNonce()
+      inboxTx.gasLimit = await signer.provider.estimateGas({
         //estimate gas
-        to: tx.to,
+        to: inboxTx.to,
         from: await signer.getAddress(),
-        data: tx.data,
+        data: inboxTx.data,
       })
       const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-        tx,
+        inboxTx,
         await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(await signer.getAddress()),
         this.l1Provider,
         this.resubmissionTimeout
       )
       this.logger.info('Tx fees updated', {
-        maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-        maxPriorityFeePerGas: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
+        maxFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
+        maxPriorityFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
         replaced,
       })
     }
 
     const submitTransaction = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
-      return transactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(tx, hooks)
+      return transactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(inboxTx, hooks)
     }
     return submitAndLogTx(
       submitTransaction,
       'Submitted batch to inbox!',
-      (receipt: TransactionReceipt | null, err: any): Promise<boolean> => {
-        return this._setBatchInboxRecord(receipt, err, nextBatchIndex)
+      async (
+        receipt: TransactionReceipt | null,
+        err: any
+      ): Promise<boolean> => {
+        return this._setBatchInboxRecord(
+          batchParams,
+          receipt,
+          err,
+          nextBatchIndex
+        )
       }
     )
   }
 
   private async _setBatchInboxRecord(
+    batchParams: InboxSteps,
     receipt: TransactionReceipt | null,
     err: any,
     batchIndex: number
   ): Promise<boolean> {
     let saveStatus = false
     if (receipt && (receipt.status === undefined || receipt.status === 1)) {
+      batchParams.txHashes.push(receipt.hash)
+      await this.inboxStorage.insertStep(batchParams)
       saveStatus = await this.inboxStorage.recordConfirmedTx({
         batchIndex,
         blockNumber: receipt.blockNumber,
@@ -660,6 +708,13 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
 
     encoded = `${da}${compressType}${batchIndex}${l2Start}${totalElements}${compressedEncoded}`
     return {
+      inputMeta: {
+        da,
+        compressType,
+        batchIndex,
+        l2Start,
+        totalElements,
+      },
       inputData: encoded,
       batch: blocks,
       blobTxData,
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter.ts
index 28b77d708dafd..2eb8a32e3e3e8 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter.ts
@@ -413,25 +413,6 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitter extends BatchSubmitter {
     useInbox?: boolean,
     nextBatchIndex?: number
   ): Promise<TransactionReceipt> {
-    // Do not submit batch if gas price above threshold
-    const gasPriceInGwei = parseInt(
-      ethers.formatUnits(
-        (await this.signer.provider.getFeeData()).gasPrice,
-        'gwei'
-      ),
-      10
-    )
-    if (gasPriceInGwei > this.gasThresholdInGwei) {
-      this.logger.warn(
-        'Gas price is higher than gas price threshold; aborting batch submission',
-        {
-          gasPriceInGwei,
-          gasThresholdInGwei: this.gasThresholdInGwei,
-        }
-      )
-      return
-    }
-
     if (useInbox) {
       this.logger.info('Submit batch to inbox address', {
         startBlock,
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/types.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/types.ts
index 817a88810603c..ecd0460dd4c8b 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/types.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/types.ts
@@ -155,7 +155,16 @@ export interface BatchToInboxElement {
 }
 export declare type BatchToInbox = BatchToInboxElement[]
 
+export interface InboxInputMeta {
+  da: string
+  compressType: string
+  batchIndex: string
+  l2Start: string
+  totalElements: string
+}
+
 export interface InboxBatchParams {
+  inputMeta: InboxInputMeta
   inputData: string
   batch: BatchToInbox
   blobTxData: TxData[]
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/inbox-storage.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/inbox-storage.ts
index 253a7ff098445..cc8e0e4915dff 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/inbox-storage.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/inbox-storage.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 /* Imports: External */
 import { Logger } from '@eth-optimism/common-ts'
-import { toBigInt, toNumber } from 'ethersv6'
+import { BytesLike, toNumber } from 'ethersv6'
 import * as fs from 'fs/promises'
 import * as path from 'path'
 
 const INBOX_OK_FILE = 'inbox_ok.json'
 const INBOX_FAIL_FILE = 'inbox_fail.json'
+const STEPS_FILE = 'steps.json'
 
 export interface InboxRecordInfo {
   batchIndex: number | bigint
@@ -13,6 +14,12 @@ export interface InboxRecordInfo {
   txHash: string
 }
 
+export interface InboxSteps {
+  input: string // the inbox tx data input
+  blobs: Array<Array<BytesLike>> // array of blob tx data
+  txHashes: Array<string> // blob tx hashes + inbox tx hash
+}
+
 export class InboxStorage {
   public storagePath: string
   private logger: Logger
@@ -27,21 +34,14 @@ export class InboxStorage {
     errMsg: string
   ): Promise<boolean> {
     const jsonData = {
-      batchIndex: toBigInt(batchIndex),
+      batchIndex: toNumber(batchIndex),
       errMsg,
     }
     const jsonString = JSON.stringify(jsonData, null, 2)
     const filePath = path.join(this.storagePath, INBOX_FAIL_FILE)
-    try {
-      const fileHandle = await fs.open(filePath, 'w')
-      await fileHandle.write(jsonString)
-      await fileHandle.close()
-      this.logger.info('JSON data has been written to failed tx', { filePath })
-      return true
-    } catch (writeError) {
-      this.logger.error('Error writing to failed tx file:', writeError)
-      throw new Error('Error writing to failed tx file')
-    }
+    await fs.writeFile(filePath, jsonString)
+    this.logger.info('JSON data has been written to failed tx', { filePath })
+    return true
   }
 
   public async recordConfirmedTx(inbox: InboxRecordInfo): Promise<boolean> {
@@ -52,40 +52,53 @@ export class InboxStorage {
     }
     const jsonString = JSON.stringify(jsonData, null, 2)
     const filePath = path.join(this.storagePath, INBOX_OK_FILE)
-    try {
-      const fileHandle = await fs.open(filePath, 'w')
-      await fileHandle.write(jsonString)
-      await fileHandle.close()
-      this.logger.info('JSON data has been written to ok_tx file', { filePath })
-      return true
-    } catch (writeError) {
-      this.logger.error('Error writing to ok_tx file:', writeError)
-      throw new Error('Error writing to ok_tx file')
-    }
+    await fs.writeFile(filePath, jsonString)
+    this.logger.info('JSON data has been written to ok_tx file', { filePath })
+    return true
   }
 
   public async getLatestConfirmedTx(): Promise<InboxRecordInfo> {
     const filePath = path.join(this.storagePath, INBOX_OK_FILE)
-    if (!this.fileExists(filePath)) {
+    if (!(await this.fileExists(filePath))) {
       return null
     }
-    try {
-      const data = await fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
-      if (!data) {
-        return null
-      }
-      const readJsonData = JSON.parse(data)
-      return {
-        batchIndex: readJsonData.batchIndex,
-        blockNumber: readJsonData.number,
-        txHash: readJsonData.hash,
-      }
-    } catch (readError) {
-      if (readError.code !== 'ENOENT') {
-        this.logger.error('Error reading ok_tx file', readError)
-      }
+    const data = await fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
+    if (!data) {
+      return null
+    }
+    const readJsonData = JSON.parse(data)
+    return {
+      batchIndex: readJsonData.batchIndex,
+      blockNumber: readJsonData.number,
+      txHash: readJsonData.hash,
+    }
+  }
+
+  public async insertStep(jsonData: InboxSteps) {
+    const data = {
+      input: jsonData.input,
+      txHashes: jsonData.txHashes,
+      blobs: jsonData.blobs.map((blobArray) =>
+        blobArray.map((blob) => {
+          if (typeof blob === 'string') {
+            return blob
+          }
+          return '0x' + Buffer.from(blob).toString('hex')
+        })
+      ),
+    }
+    const jsonString = JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)
+    const filePath = path.join(this.storagePath, STEPS_FILE)
+    await fs.writeFile(filePath, jsonString)
+  }
+
+  public async getStep(): Promise<InboxSteps | null> {
+    const filePath = path.join(this.storagePath, STEPS_FILE)
+    if (!(await this.fileExists(filePath))) {
+      return null
     }
-    return null
+    const data = await fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf-8')
+    return JSON.parse(data)
   }
 
   private async fileExists(filePath) {
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/pending-storage.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/pending-storage.ts
index aa1397ed87346..09d277d9c4ad6 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/pending-storage.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/storage/pending-storage.ts
@@ -90,7 +90,10 @@ export class PendingStorage {
       await fs.stat(filePath)
       return true
     } catch (error) {
-      return false
+      if (error.code === 'ENOENT') {
+        return false
+      }
+      throw error
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
index 20e6cdd20bc79..a3d6cfd86900d 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
@@ -48,8 +48,17 @@ export const setTxEIP1559Fees = async (
     const bumpedMaxPriorityFeePerGas =
       (toBigInt(oldTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas) * (100n + bumpThreshold)) / 100n
 
-    const newMaxFeePerGas = feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e7)
-    const newMaxPriorityFeePerGas = feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas + BigInt(1e7)
+    // Use 1Gwei as the tip fee for blob tx
+    const newMaxFeePerGas =
+      tx.type === 3
+        ? feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e9)
+        : feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e7)
+    const newMaxPriorityFeePerGas =
+      tx.type === 3 && feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e9)
+        ? BigInt(1e9)
+        : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e7)
+        ? BigInt(1e7)
+        : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas
 
     tx.maxFeePerGas =
       bumpedMaxFeePerGas > newMaxFeePerGas
diff --git a/yarn.lock b/yarn.lock
index 9fc1efe0f5c2f..814debff3354f 100644
--- a/yarn.lock
+++ b/yarn.lock
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ __metadata:
     "@types/chai": "npm:^4.2.18"
     "@types/lodash": "npm:^4.14.168"
     "@types/mocha": "npm:^8.2.2"
-    "@types/node": "npm:^15.12.2"
+    "@types/node": "npm:22"
     "@types/prettier": "npm:^2.2.3"
     "@types/rimraf": "npm:^3.0.0"
     "@types/sinon": "npm:^9.0.10"
@@ -4439,6 +4439,15 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"@types/node@npm:22":
+  version: 22.19.1
+  resolution: "@types/node@npm:22.19.1"
+  dependencies:
+    undici-types: "npm:~6.21.0"
+  checksum: 10c0/6edd93aea86da740cb7872626839cd6f4a67a049d3a3a6639cb592c620ec591408a30989ab7410008d1a0b2d4985ce50f1e488e79c033e4476d3bec6833b0a2f
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "@types/node@npm:22.7.5":
   version: 22.7.5
   resolution: "@types/node@npm:22.7.5"
@@ -4462,13 +4471,6 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@types/node@npm:^15.12.2":
-  version: 15.14.9
-  resolution: "@types/node@npm:15.14.9"
-  checksum: 10c0/fe5b69cffd20f97c814d568c1d791b3c367f9efa6567a18d2c15cd73c5437f47bcff73a2e10bdfe59f90ce7df47e6cc3c6d431c76d2213bf6099e8ab5d16d355
-  languageName: node
-  linkType: hard
-
 "@types/node@npm:^8.0.0":
   version: 8.10.66
   resolution: "@types/node@npm:8.10.66"
@@ -21381,6 +21383,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"undici-types@npm:~6.21.0":
+  version: 6.21.0
+  resolution: "undici-types@npm:6.21.0"
+  checksum: 10c0/c01ed51829b10aa72fc3ce64b747f8e74ae9b60eafa19a7b46ef624403508a54c526ffab06a14a26b3120d055e1104d7abe7c9017e83ced038ea5cf52f8d5e04
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "undici-types@npm:~7.16.0":
   version: 7.16.0
   resolution: "undici-types@npm:7.16.0"

From ee30c87fa91c7e46e8ab29ce6823613e49fcea72 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:39:49 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 03/15] batch: update logs

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts        | 7 ++-----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index e1b746db06e21..2f45ea27c8f65 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -158,9 +158,6 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       wasBatchTruncated,
     })
 
-    // const params =
-    // steps == null || steps.txHashes.length === steps.blobs.length + 1
-
     return this.submitSequencerBatch(
       nextBatchIndex,
       {
@@ -242,7 +239,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
       const blobTxData = batchParams.blobs
       this.logger.info('Submitting blob txs for inbox batch', {
-        count: blobTxData.length,
+        txes: blobTxData.length,
       })
 
       // submit the blob txs in order, to simplify the process,
@@ -273,7 +270,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
         }
 
         this.logger.info('submitting blob tx', {
-          count: blobs.length,
+          blobs: blobs.length,
           from: signerAddress,
           nonce: blobTx.nonce,
           step: `${txIndex}/${blobTxData.length}`,

From ab26703c063c20d65ebe959df953b5cc51fa9260 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:46:10 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 04/15] batch: update logs

---
 .../tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts               | 19 +++++++------------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 2f45ea27c8f65..1c8ee3a1ea8fa 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -151,9 +151,10 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       return
     }
     metrics.numTxPerBatch.observe(endBlock - startBlock)
-    this.logger.debug('Submitting batch to inbox', {
+    this.logger.info('Submitting batch to inbox', {
       meta: batchParams.inputMeta,
       useBlob,
+      blobTxes: batchParams.blobTxData.length,
       batchSizeInBytes,
       wasBatchTruncated,
     })
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       value: 0n,
     }
 
-    // use blob txs if batch params contains blob tx data
+    // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
     const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
     if (sendBlobTx) {
       let mpcClient: MpcClient
@@ -236,19 +237,13 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
         signerAddress = await blobSigner.getAddress()
       }
 
-      // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
-      const blobTxData = batchParams.blobs
-      this.logger.info('Submitting blob txs for inbox batch', {
-        txes: blobTxData.length,
-      })
-
-      // submit the blob txs in order, to simplify the process,
-      // use serialized operations for now
-      for (const [txIndex, blobs] of blobTxData.entries()) {
+      // submit the blob txs in order
+      for (const [txIndex, blobs] of batchParams.blobs.entries()) {
         if (!blobs || !blobs.length) {
           throw new Error('Invalid blob tx data, empty blobs')
         }
 
+        // skip already submitted blob tx
         if (batchParams.txHashes[txIndex]) {
           this.logger.info('Blob tx already submitted, skipping', {
             txIndex,
@@ -273,7 +268,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           blobs: blobs.length,
           from: signerAddress,
           nonce: blobTx.nonce,
-          step: `${txIndex}/${blobTxData.length}`,
+          step: `${txIndex}/${batchParams.blobs.length}`,
         })
 
         // mpc model can use ynatm

From 81f9e7bea75fd02719a356af8f16c6fc066695e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:52:34 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 05/15] batch: fix steps' input data

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts      | 9 ++++++---
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 1c8ee3a1ea8fa..83f234a5f3a4b 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -208,16 +208,17 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
 
     // MPC enabled: prepare nonce, gasPrice
     const { chainId } = await signer.provider.getNetwork()
+    const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
+
     const inboxTx: TransactionRequest = {
       type: 2,
       chainId,
       to: this.inboxAddress,
-      data: '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input), // use remove0x for compatibility
+      data: sendBlobTx ? '0x' : '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input),
       value: 0n,
     }
 
     // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
-    const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
     if (sendBlobTx) {
       let mpcClient: MpcClient
       let signerAddress: string
@@ -351,11 +352,13 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           throw new Error('Blob tx submission failed')
         }
 
+        batchParams.input += remove0x(blobTxReceipt.hash)
         batchParams.txHashes.push(blobTxReceipt.hash)
         await this.inboxStorage.insertStep(batchParams)
         // append tx hashes to the tx data to the end
-        inboxTx.data += remove0x(blobTxReceipt.hash)
       }
+
+      inboxTx.data += remove0x(batchParams.input)
     }
 
     // Build and send inbox transaction

From 80aca002f6c92478f5df5386daa808cfd9a23e4c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:54:37 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 06/15] batch: update check log

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts      | 9 ++++-----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 83f234a5f3a4b..8366d0a785c5a 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -202,14 +202,9 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       ) => Promise<boolean>
     ) => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
   ): Promise<TransactionReceipt> {
-    if (batchParams.txHashes.length === batchParams.blobs.length + 1) {
-      throw new Error('Batch already submitted')
-    }
-
     // MPC enabled: prepare nonce, gasPrice
     const { chainId } = await signer.provider.getNetwork()
     const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
-
     const inboxTx: TransactionRequest = {
       type: 2,
       chainId,
@@ -220,6 +215,10 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
 
     // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
     if (sendBlobTx) {
+      if (batchParams.txHashes.length === batchParams.blobs.length + 1) {
+        throw new Error('Batch already submitted')
+      }
+
       let mpcClient: MpcClient
       let signerAddress: string
       let mpcId: string

From 02689466a045101b2ae5e6b7cf1d2e52511660a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 09:56:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 07/15] batch: fix step index log

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts             | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 8366d0a785c5a..78e7931bc0387 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           blobs: blobs.length,
           from: signerAddress,
           nonce: blobTx.nonce,
-          step: `${txIndex}/${batchParams.blobs.length}`,
+          step: `${txIndex + 1}/${batchParams.blobs.length}`,
         })
 
         // mpc model can use ynatm

From 46a6a6ea4c41d1ba66a326402fd64f8c58bd96c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 10:04:20 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 08/15] batch: update input data handling for blob transactions

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts   | 11 +++++++----
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 78e7931bc0387..ac5e643f0dec4 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -209,7 +209,8 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       type: 2,
       chainId,
       to: this.inboxAddress,
-      data: sendBlobTx ? '0x' : '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input),
+      // if it's for blob, set input data later
+      data: sendBlobTx ? undefined : '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input),
       value: 0n,
     }
 
@@ -351,13 +352,15 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           throw new Error('Blob tx submission failed')
         }
 
-        batchParams.input += remove0x(blobTxReceipt.hash)
         batchParams.txHashes.push(blobTxReceipt.hash)
         await this.inboxStorage.insertStep(batchParams)
-        // append tx hashes to the tx data to the end
       }
 
-      inboxTx.data += remove0x(batchParams.input)
+      // set inbox tx data
+      inboxTx.data =
+        '0x' +
+        remove0x(batchParams.input) +
+        batchParams.txHashes.reduce((acc, hash) => acc + remove0x(hash), '')
     }
 
     // Build and send inbox transaction

From ba84f1bc83d3670471156714a1047db6e5f817c9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 10:12:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 09/15] batch: update inbox transaction data handling for blob
 transactions

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts | 13 ++++++-------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index ac5e643f0dec4..af50b32bef38a 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -209,8 +209,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       type: 2,
       chainId,
       to: this.inboxAddress,
-      // if it's for blob, set input data later
-      data: sendBlobTx ? undefined : '0x' + remove0x(batchParams.input),
+      data: '0x' + batchParams.input,
       value: 0n,
     }
 
@@ -356,11 +355,11 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
         await this.inboxStorage.insertStep(batchParams)
       }
 
-      // set inbox tx data
-      inboxTx.data =
-        '0x' +
-        remove0x(batchParams.input) +
-        batchParams.txHashes.reduce((acc, hash) => acc + remove0x(hash), '')
+      // append all blob tx hashes to inbox tx data
+      inboxTx.data += batchParams.txHashes.reduce(
+        (acc, hash) => acc + remove0x(hash),
+        ''
+      )
     }
 
     // Build and send inbox transaction

From c1dfdd999d242e17e9fec302b8470edb0afa744c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 12:17:50 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 10/15] batch: refactor MPC client initialization and blob
 transaction handling

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts      | 9 +++------
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index af50b32bef38a..64cc51abf305b 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -202,9 +202,7 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       ) => Promise<boolean>
     ) => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
   ): Promise<TransactionReceipt> {
-    // MPC enabled: prepare nonce, gasPrice
     const { chainId } = await signer.provider.getNetwork()
-    const sendBlobTx = batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0
     const inboxTx: TransactionRequest = {
       type: 2,
       chainId,
@@ -213,17 +211,17 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       value: 0n,
     }
 
+    const mpcClient = new MpcClient(mpcUrl, this.logger)
+
     // if using blob, we need to submit the blob txs before the inbox tx
-    if (sendBlobTx) {
+    if (batchParams.blobs && batchParams.blobs.length > 0) {
       if (batchParams.txHashes.length === batchParams.blobs.length + 1) {
         throw new Error('Batch already submitted')
       }
 
-      let mpcClient: MpcClient
       let signerAddress: string
       let mpcId: string
       if (mpcUrl) {
-        mpcClient = new MpcClient(mpcUrl, this.logger)
         // retrieve mpc info
         // blob tx need to use mpc type 3 (specific for blob tx) to sign,
         // just need to avoid collision with other tx types
@@ -368,7 +366,6 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       this.logger.info('submitter inbox meta with mpc', {
         blobTxs: batchParams.txHashes.join(','),
       })
-      const mpcClient = new MpcClient(mpcUrl, this.logger)
 
       const mpcInfo = await mpcClient.getLatestMpc()
       if (!mpcInfo || !mpcInfo.mpc_address) {

From 795f834fe59ce6f5f3adcf79b04d1a936a50c124 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 16:00:52 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 11/15] batch: update setTxEIP1559Fees

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts    |   7 +
 .../batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts  |  39 ++----
 .../tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts               | 122 +++++++-----------
 3 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 104 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
index 8634654580ab1..0ed43047d8469 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
@@ -231,6 +231,13 @@ export abstract class BatchSubmitter {
         this.logger.info(`Submitting ${txName} transaction`, {
           txType: tx.type,
           gasLimit: tx.gasLimit ? toNumber(tx.gasLimit) : 0,
+          maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas ? toNumber(tx.maxFeePerGas) : 0,
+          maxPriorityFeePerGas: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas
+            ? toNumber(tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas)
+            : 0,
+          maxFeePerBlobGas: tx.maxFeePerBlobGas
+            ? toNumber(tx.maxFeePerBlobGas)
+            : 0,
           nonce: toNumber(tx.nonce),
           contractAddr: tx.to,
         })
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
index 7221043b9b57c..96b6f486b0140 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/state-batch-submitter.ts
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ export class StateBatchSubmitter extends BatchSubmitter {
         type: 2,
         to: tx.to,
         data: tx.data,
-        value: ethers.parseEther('0'),
+        value: 0n,
       }
       const mpcAddress = mpcInfo.mpc_address
       txUnsign.nonce = await this.signer.provider.getTransactionCount(
@@ -339,39 +339,26 @@ export class StateBatchSubmitter extends BatchSubmitter {
         data: tx.data,
       })
       txUnsign.chainId = (await this.signer.provider.getNetwork()).chainId
-      // mpc model can use ynatm
-      // tx.gasPrice = gasPrice
+      const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
+        txUnsign,
+        await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(mpcAddress),
+        this.l1Provider,
+        this.resubmissionTimeout
+      )
 
-      this.logger.info('submitting state with mpc address', {
-        mpcAddress,
+      this.logger.info('submitting state tx with mpc address', {
+        from: mpcAddress,
+        nonce: txUnsign.nonce,
+        to: tx.to,
+        replaced,
         startBlock,
         endBlock,
-        txUnsign,
       })
 
       const submitSignedTransaction = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
         return this.transactionSubmitter.submitSignedTransaction(
           txUnsign,
-          async () => {
-            const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-              txUnsign,
-              await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(mpcAddress),
-              this.l1Provider,
-              this.resubmissionTimeout
-            )
-            this.logger.info('fee updated', {
-              maxFeePerGas: txUnsign.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-              maxPriorityFeePerGas: txUnsign.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-              replaced,
-            })
-
-            const signedTx = await mpcClient.signTx(
-              txUnsign,
-              mpcInfo.mpc_id,
-              this.mpcSignTimeout
-            )
-            return signedTx
-          },
+          () => mpcClient.signTx(txUnsign, mpcInfo.mpc_id, this.mpcSignTimeout),
           this._makeHooks('appendSequencerBatch')
         )
       }
diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 64cc51abf305b..95d83fe550bba 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -262,68 +262,45 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
           blobVersion: 1, // Osaka is enabled on all the chains
         }
 
+        const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
+          blobTx,
+          await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(signerAddress),
+          this.l1Provider,
+          this.resubmissionTimeout
+        )
+
         this.logger.info('submitting blob tx', {
           blobs: blobs.length,
           from: signerAddress,
           nonce: blobTx.nonce,
           step: `${txIndex + 1}/${batchParams.blobs.length}`,
+          replaced,
         })
 
         // mpc model can use ynatm
-        let submitTx: () => Promise<TransactionReceipt>
-        if (mpcUrl) {
-          submitTx = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
-            return transactionSubmitter.submitSignedTransaction(
-              blobTx,
-              async () => {
-                const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-                  blobTx,
-                  await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(signerAddress),
-                  this.l1Provider,
-                  this.resubmissionTimeout
-                )
-                this.logger.info('Blob tx fees updated', {
-                  maxFeePerGas: blobTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-                  maxPriorityFeePerGas: blobTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-                  maxFeePerBlobGas: blobTx.maxFeePerBlobGas.toString(),
-                  replaced,
-                })
-
-                const signedTx = await mpcClient.signTx(
-                  blobTx,
-                  mpcId,
-                  mpcSignTimeout
-                )
-
-                // need to append the blob sidecar to the signed tx
-                const signedTxUnmarshaled = ethers.Transaction.from(signedTx)
-                signedTxUnmarshaled.type = 3
-                signedTxUnmarshaled.kzg = kzg
-                signedTxUnmarshaled.blobVersion = blobTx.blobVersion
-                signedTxUnmarshaled.blobs = blobTx.blobs
-                // repack the tx
-                return signedTxUnmarshaled.serialized
-              },
-              hooks
-            )
-          }
-        } else {
-          submitTx = async (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
-            const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-              blobTx,
-              await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(signerAddress),
-              this.l1Provider,
-              this.resubmissionTimeout
-            )
-            this.logger.info('Blob tx fees updated', {
-              maxFeePerGas: blobTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-              maxPriorityFeePerGas: blobTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-              maxFeePerBlobGas: blobTx.maxFeePerBlobGas.toString(),
-              replaced,
-            })
-            return blobTransactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(blobTx, hooks)
-          }
-        }
+        const submitTx: () => Promise<TransactionReceipt> = mpcUrl
+          ? () =>
+              transactionSubmitter.submitSignedTransaction(
+                blobTx,
+                async () => {
+                  const signedTx = await mpcClient.signTx(
+                    blobTx,
+                    mpcId,
+                    mpcSignTimeout
+                  )
+
+                  // need to append the blob sidecar to the signed tx
+                  const signedTxUnmarshaled = ethers.Transaction.from(signedTx)
+                  signedTxUnmarshaled.type = 3
+                  signedTxUnmarshaled.kzg = kzg
+                  signedTxUnmarshaled.blobVersion = blobTx.blobVersion
+                  signedTxUnmarshaled.blobs = blobTx.blobs
+                  // repack the tx
+                  return signedTxUnmarshaled.serialized
+                },
+                hooks
+              )
+          : () => blobTransactionSubmitter.submitTransaction(blobTx, hooks)
 
         const blobTxReceipt = await submitAndLogTx(
           submitTx,
@@ -360,13 +337,14 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
       )
     }
 
+    this.logger.info('submit inbox tx', {
+      nonce: inboxTx.nonce,
+      blobTxs: batchParams.txHashes.join(','),
+    })
+
     // Build and send inbox transaction
     // mpc url specified, use mpc to sign tx
     if (mpcUrl) {
-      this.logger.info('submitter inbox meta with mpc', {
-        blobTxs: batchParams.txHashes.join(','),
-      })
-
       const mpcInfo = await mpcClient.getLatestMpc()
       if (!mpcInfo || !mpcInfo.mpc_address) {
         throw new Error('MPC info get failed')
@@ -379,25 +357,18 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
         from: mpcAddress,
         data: inboxTx.data,
       })
+      await setTxEIP1559Fees(
+        inboxTx,
+        await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(mpcAddress),
+        this.l1Provider,
+        this.resubmissionTimeout
+      )
 
       // mpc model can use ynatm
       const submitSignedTransaction = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {
         return transactionSubmitter.submitSignedTransaction(
           inboxTx,
-          async () => {
-            const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
-              inboxTx,
-              await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(mpcAddress),
-              this.l1Provider,
-              this.resubmissionTimeout
-            )
-            this.logger.info('MPC tx fees updated', {
-              maxFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-              maxPriorityFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-              replaced,
-            })
-            return mpcClient.signTx(inboxTx, mpcInfo.mpc_id, mpcSignTimeout)
-          },
+          () => mpcClient.signTx(inboxTx, mpcInfo.mpc_id, mpcSignTimeout),
           hooks
         )
       }
@@ -425,17 +396,12 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
         from: await signer.getAddress(),
         data: inboxTx.data,
       })
-      const replaced = await setTxEIP1559Fees(
+      await setTxEIP1559Fees(
         inboxTx,
         await this.pendingStorage.getPendingTx(await signer.getAddress()),
         this.l1Provider,
         this.resubmissionTimeout
       )
-      this.logger.info('Tx fees updated', {
-        maxFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxFeePerGas.toString(),
-        maxPriorityFeePerGas: inboxTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas.toString(),
-        replaced,
-      })
     }
 
     const submitTransaction = (): Promise<TransactionReceipt> => {

From c625509d714202675d02caa90f2647f139e712ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 16:02:43 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 12/15] batch: remove logging for skipped batch submission to
 inbox

---
 .../src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts         | 6 ------
 1 file changed, 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
index 95d83fe550bba..187c758c413f8 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/tx-batch-submitter-inbox.ts
@@ -142,12 +142,6 @@ export class TransactionBatchSubmitterInbox {
     // 2. it is large enough
     // 3. enough time has passed since last submission
     if (!wasBatchTruncated && !shouldSubmitBatch(batchSizeInBytes)) {
-      this.logger.info('Skipping batch submission to inbox', {
-        meta: batchParams.inputMeta,
-        useBlob,
-        batchSizeInBytes,
-        wasBatchTruncated,
-      })
       return
     }
     metrics.numTxPerBatch.observe(endBlock - startBlock)

From 86d1431cb248c5c15cbcdc9dde0fbdd6ae9a7d5c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 16:23:53 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 13/15] batch: optimize gas fee calculation for blob
 transactions in setTxEIP1559Fees

---
 .../src/utils/tx-submission.ts                | 36 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
index a3d6cfd86900d..12aba1e0fcdab 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/utils/tx-submission.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,22 @@ export const setTxEIP1559Fees = async (
   resubmissionTimeout: number
 ): Promise<boolean> => {
   const feeData = await l1Provider.getFeeData()
+
+  // Use 1Gwei as the tip fee for blob tx
+  const newMaxFeePerGas =
+    tx.type === 3
+      ? feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e9)
+      : feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e7)
+  const newMaxPriorityFeePerGas =
+    tx.type === 3 && feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e9)
+      ? BigInt(1e9)
+      : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e7)
+      ? BigInt(1e7)
+      : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas
+
+  const newBlobBaseFeePerGas =
+    tx.type === 3 ? 2n * (await getBlobBaseFee(l1Provider)) : 0n
+
   // check if pending tx exists and has not been confirmed yet,
   // also need to check if the resubmission timeout has passed,
   // will only bump the fees if the timeout has passed
@@ -48,18 +64,6 @@ export const setTxEIP1559Fees = async (
     const bumpedMaxPriorityFeePerGas =
       (toBigInt(oldTx.maxPriorityFeePerGas) * (100n + bumpThreshold)) / 100n
 
-    // Use 1Gwei as the tip fee for blob tx
-    const newMaxFeePerGas =
-      tx.type === 3
-        ? feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e9)
-        : feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e7)
-    const newMaxPriorityFeePerGas =
-      tx.type === 3 && feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e9)
-        ? BigInt(1e9)
-        : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas < BigInt(1e7)
-        ? BigInt(1e7)
-        : feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas
-
     tx.maxFeePerGas =
       bumpedMaxFeePerGas > newMaxFeePerGas
         ? bumpedMaxFeePerGas
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@ export const setTxEIP1559Fees = async (
         : newMaxPriorityFeePerGas
     if (tx.type === 3) {
       const bumpedMaxFeePerBlobGas = toBigInt(oldTx.maxFeePerBlobGas) * 2n
-      const newMaxFeePerBlobGas = (await getBlobBaseFee(l1Provider)) * 2n
+      const newMaxFeePerBlobGas = newBlobBaseFeePerGas
       tx.maxFeePerBlobGas =
         newMaxFeePerBlobGas > bumpedMaxFeePerBlobGas
           ? newMaxFeePerBlobGas
@@ -79,10 +83,10 @@ export const setTxEIP1559Fees = async (
     return true
   }
 
-  tx.maxFeePerGas = feeData.maxFeePerGas * 2n + BigInt(1e7)
-  tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas = feeData.maxPriorityFeePerGas + BigInt(1e7)
+  tx.maxFeePerGas = newMaxFeePerGas
+  tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas = newMaxPriorityFeePerGas
   if (tx.type === 3) {
-    tx.maxFeePerBlobGas = (await getBlobBaseFee(l1Provider)) * 2n
+    tx.maxFeePerBlobGas = newBlobBaseFeePerGas
   }
   return false
 }

From 088a9b295a445b553fa7f02451b2818234e4ab21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 16:34:00 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 14/15] batch: update transaction logging to include gas price
 before gas limit

---
 .../batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts     | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
index 0ed43047d8469..358f9793535c1 100755
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/batch-submitter/batch-submitter.ts
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ export abstract class BatchSubmitter {
       beforeSendTransaction: async (tx: ethers.TransactionRequest) => {
         this.logger.info(`Submitting ${txName} transaction`, {
           txType: tx.type,
-          gasLimit: tx.gasLimit ? toNumber(tx.gasLimit) : 0,
+          gasPrice: tx.gasPrice ? toNumber(tx.gasPrice) : 0,
           maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas ? toNumber(tx.maxFeePerGas) : 0,
           maxPriorityFeePerGas: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas
             ? toNumber(tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas)
@@ -238,6 +238,7 @@ export abstract class BatchSubmitter {
           maxFeePerBlobGas: tx.maxFeePerBlobGas
             ? toNumber(tx.maxFeePerBlobGas)
             : 0,
+          gasLimit: tx.gasLimit ? toNumber(tx.gasLimit) : 0,
           nonce: toNumber(tx.nonce),
           contractAddr: tx.to,
         })

From 946e0c4cd4e8c06933fbd3125c989ca70030dd53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ericlee <eric.l@metis.io>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 20:14:01 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 15/15] batch: increase maximum number of blobs per transaction
 from 5 to 7

---
 packages/batch-submitter/src/da/consts.ts | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/consts.ts b/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/consts.ts
index f5338550ab4ee..4ba41c2dbf863 100644
--- a/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/consts.ts
+++ b/packages/batch-submitter/src/da/consts.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 export const FRAME_OVERHEAD_SIZE = 200
 export const MAX_RLP_BYTES_PER_CHANNEL = 100_000_000
 export const MAX_BLOB_SIZE = (4 * 31 + 3) * 1024 - 4
-export const MAX_BLOB_NUM_PER_TX = 5
+export const MAX_BLOB_NUM_PER_TX = 7
 export const TX_GAS = 21_000
 export const CHANNEL_FULL_ERR = new Error('Channel is full')