diff --git a/packages/base/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/base/CHANGELOG.md
index 400d12cf..178207db 100644
--- a/packages/base/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/base/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Changed
+
+- Update `jsdoc/require-jsdoc` to loosen requirements for various kinds of symbols ([#433](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/433))
+  - Instead of requiring JSDoc for all arrow functions and function expressions, require only arrow functions not contained within plain objects or are not arguments to functions or methods.
+
 ## [15.0.0]
 
 ### Changed
@@ -15,12 +20,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   - New things that now require documentation are:
     - Arrow functions
     - Class declarations
-    - TypeScript enum declarations
     - Function expressions
-    - TypeScript interface declarations
     - Method definitions
-    - TypeScript type alias declarations
-    - TypeScript property signatures
 - **BREAKING:** Convert various rules from `warn` to `error` ([#424](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/424))
   - The rules impacted are:
     - `promise/no-callback-in-promise`
diff --git a/packages/base/rules-snapshot.json b/packages/base/rules-snapshot.json
index 89238702..5995c5ee 100644
--- a/packages/base/rules-snapshot.json
+++ b/packages/base/rules-snapshot.json
@@ -180,17 +180,13 @@
     "error",
     {
       "require": {
-        "ArrowFunctionExpression": true,
         "ClassDeclaration": true,
         "FunctionDeclaration": true,
-        "FunctionExpression": true,
         "MethodDefinition": true
       },
       "contexts": [
-        "TSInterfaceDeclaration",
-        "TSTypeAliasDeclaration",
-        "TSEnumDeclaration",
-        "TSPropertySignature"
+        ":not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > ArrowFunctionExpression",
+        ":not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > FunctionExpression"
       ]
     }
   ],
diff --git a/packages/base/src/index.mjs b/packages/base/src/index.mjs
index f4bfd3da..88f33e84 100644
--- a/packages/base/src/index.mjs
+++ b/packages/base/src/index.mjs
@@ -397,17 +397,20 @@ const rules = createConfig({
       'error',
       {
         require: {
-          ArrowFunctionExpression: true,
+          // Classes
           ClassDeclaration: true,
+          // Function declarations
           FunctionDeclaration: true,
-          FunctionExpression: true,
+          // Methods
           MethodDefinition: true,
         },
         contexts: [
-          'TSInterfaceDeclaration',
-          'TSTypeAliasDeclaration',
-          'TSEnumDeclaration',
-          'TSPropertySignature',
+          // Arrow functions that are not contained within plain objects or
+          // are not arguments to functions or methods
+          ':not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > ArrowFunctionExpression',
+          // Function expressions that are not contained within plain objects
+          // or are not arguments to functions or methods
+          ':not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > FunctionExpression',
         ],
       },
     ],
diff --git a/packages/typescript/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/typescript/CHANGELOG.md
index 2c1ac42a..704af2bd 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/typescript/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,6 +7,13 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+### Changed
+
+- Update `jsdoc/require-jsdoc` to loosen requirements for various kinds of symbols ([#433](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/433))
+  - Require JSDoc not for all arrow functions, but only those not contained within plain objects or are not arguments to functions or methods.
+  - Require JSDoc not for all interfaces or type aliases, but only those that do not appear in declare blocks (ambient declarations).
+  - Require JSDoc not for all object types in return types, but only those in "root" types.
+
 ## [15.0.0]
 
 ### Changed
@@ -17,6 +24,16 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - **BREAKING:** Update type import specifier rules ([#381](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/381))
   - `@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports` has been replaced with `import-x/consistent-type-specifier-style`
   - The rule now prefers "top-level" type imports over inline. e.g. `import type { a } from 'x'` over `import { type a } from 'x'`
+- **BREAKING:** Update `jsdoc/require-jsdoc` to require documentation for more things ([#394](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/394))
+  - New things that now require documentation are:
+    - Arrow functions
+    - Class declarations
+    - Function expressions
+    - Method definitions
+    - TypeScript enum declarations
+    - TypeScript interface declarations
+    - TypeScript type alias declarations
+    - TypeScript property signatures
 - Disable `@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-type-arguments` ([#426](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/426))
   - We decided that "unnecessary" type arguments make types easier to read sometimes, so we should allow them.
 - Disable `promise/valid-params` because it's redundant in type-checked projects ([#425](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/pull/425))
diff --git a/packages/typescript/rules-snapshot.json b/packages/typescript/rules-snapshot.json
index a153a46d..7ef9fd13 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/rules-snapshot.json
+++ b/packages/typescript/rules-snapshot.json
@@ -190,7 +190,23 @@
   "jsdoc/require-example": "off",
   "jsdoc/require-file-overview": "off",
   "jsdoc/require-hyphen-before-param-description": "off",
-  "jsdoc/require-jsdoc": "error",
+  "jsdoc/require-jsdoc": [
+    "error",
+    {
+      "require": {
+        "ClassDeclaration": true,
+        "FunctionDeclaration": true,
+        "MethodDefinition": true
+      },
+      "contexts": [
+        ":not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > ArrowFunctionExpression",
+        ":not(Property, NewExpression, CallExpression) > FunctionExpression",
+        ":not(TSModuleBlock) > TSInterfaceDeclaration",
+        ":not(TSModuleBlock) > TSTypeAliasDeclaration",
+        "TSEnumDeclaration"
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
   "jsdoc/require-param": "error",
   "jsdoc/require-param-description": "error",
   "jsdoc/require-param-name": "error",
diff --git a/packages/typescript/src/index.mjs b/packages/typescript/src/index.mjs
index 85297a35..993f676c 100644
--- a/packages/typescript/src/index.mjs
+++ b/packages/typescript/src/index.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createConfig } from '@metamask/eslint-config';
+import base, { createConfig } from '@metamask/eslint-config';
 import * as resolver from 'eslint-import-resolver-typescript';
 import importX from 'eslint-plugin-import-x';
 import jsdoc from 'eslint-plugin-jsdoc';
@@ -6,6 +6,37 @@ import jsdoc from 'eslint-plugin-jsdoc';
 // eslint-disable-next-line import-x/no-unresolved
 import typescript from 'typescript-eslint';
 
+/**
+ * Collects all options for a given array-valued rule across one or more flat
+ * config arrays, excluding the leading severity element.
+ *
+ * ESLint flat config does not merge array-valued rules across config objects —
+ * a later config silently replaces earlier ones. This helper makes it possible
+ * to extend an upstream rule configuration rather than copy-pasting its options.
+ *
+ * @param {string} ruleName - The rule to collect options for.
+ * @param {import('eslint').Linter.Config[][]} configs - Flat config arrays to
+ * collect options from.
+ * @returns {unknown[]} The options from all matching rule entries, with the
+ * leading severity element omitted.
+ */
+function collectExistingRuleOptions(ruleName, configs) {
+  return configs.flat().flatMap((config) => {
+    const rule = config.rules?.[ruleName];
+    if (!Array.isArray(rule)) {
+      return [];
+    }
+    // Rule entries are ['error' | 'warn' | number, ...options].
+    // Skip the first element (severity) and collect the rest.
+    return rule.slice(1);
+  });
+}
+
+const baseJsdocRuleOptions = collectExistingRuleOptions(
+  'jsdoc/require-jsdoc',
+  base,
+);
+
 const config = createConfig({
   name: '@metamask/eslint-config-typescript',
 
@@ -225,6 +256,24 @@ const config = createConfig({
     // Use TypeScript types rather than JSDoc types.
     'jsdoc/no-types': 'error',
 
+    // Extend rule defined in base config to require JSDoc for
+    // TypeScript-specific symbols.
+    'jsdoc/require-jsdoc': [
+      'error',
+      {
+        require: baseJsdocRuleOptions[0].require,
+        contexts: [
+          ...baseJsdocRuleOptions[0].contexts,
+          // Type interfaces that are not defined within `declare` blocks
+          ':not(TSModuleBlock) > TSInterfaceDeclaration',
+          // Type aliases that are not defined within `declare` blocks
+          ':not(TSModuleBlock) > TSTypeAliasDeclaration',
+          // Enums
+          'TSEnumDeclaration',
+        ],
+      },
+    ],
+
     // These all conflict with `jsdoc/no-types`.
     'jsdoc/require-param-type': 'off',
     'jsdoc/require-property-type': 'off',