doc: add example of RowFilter usage (apache#9115)

# Which issue does this PR close?

- Closes apache#9096.

# Rationale for this change

The RowFilter API does exist and can evaluate predicates during
evaluation, but it has no examples.

# What changes are included in this PR?

- Added a rustdoc example and blog link to
`ParquetRecordBatchReaderBuilder::with_row_filter`.
- Added a running example in `parquet/examples/read_with_row_filter.rs`

# Are these changes tested?

Yes 
```
cargo run -p parquet --example read_with_row_filter
cargo test -p parquet --doc
```

# Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes, doc only. No API changes.

Author: sonhmai

parquet/Cargo.toml

@@ -156,6 +156,11 @@ name = "async_read_parquet"
 required-features = ["arrow", "async"]
 path = "./examples/async_read_parquet.rs"
 
+[[example]]
+name = "read_with_row_filter"
+required-features = ["arrow"]
+path = "./examples/read_with_row_filter.rs"
+
 [[example]]
 name = "read_with_rowgroup"
 required-features = ["arrow", "async"]

parquet/examples/read_with_row_filter.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+use arrow_array::Int32Array;
+use arrow_cast::pretty::print_batches;
+use parquet::arrow::ProjectionMask;
+use parquet::arrow::arrow_reader::{ArrowPredicateFn, ParquetRecordBatchReaderBuilder, RowFilter};
+use parquet::errors::Result;
+use std::fs::File;
+
+// RowFilter / with_row_filter usage. For background and more
+// context, see <https://arrow.apache.org/blog/2025/12/11/parquet-late-materialization-deep-dive/>
+fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let testdata = arrow::util::test_util::parquet_test_data();
+    let path = format!("{testdata}/alltypes_plain.parquet");
+    let file = File::open(&path)?;
+    let builder = ParquetRecordBatchReaderBuilder::try_new(file)?;
+    let schema_desc = builder.metadata().file_metadata().schema_descr_ptr();
+
+    // Create predicate: column id > 4. This col has index 0.
+    // Projection mask ensures only predicate columns are read to evaluate the filter.
+    let projection_mask = ProjectionMask::leaves(&schema_desc, [0]);
+    let predicate = ArrowPredicateFn::new(projection_mask, |batch| {
+        let id_col = batch.column(0);
+        arrow::compute::kernels::cmp::gt(id_col, &Int32Array::new_scalar(4))
+    });
+
+    let row_filter = RowFilter::new(vec![Box::new(predicate)]);
+    let reader = builder.with_row_filter(row_filter).build()?;
+
+    let filtered_batches: Vec<_> = reader.map(|b| b.unwrap()).collect();
+    print_batches(&filtered_batches)?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}

parquet/src/arrow/arrow_reader/mod.rs

@@ -304,6 +304,36 @@ impl<T> ArrowReaderBuilder<T> {
     ///
     /// It is recommended to enable reading the page index if using this functionality, to allow
     /// more efficient skipping over data pages. See [`ArrowReaderOptions::with_page_index`].
+    ///
+    /// For a running example see `parquet/examples/read_with_row_filter.rs`.
+    /// See <https://arrow.apache.org/blog/2025/12/11/parquet-late-materialization-deep-dive/>
+    /// for a technical explanation of late materialization.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    /// ```rust
+    /// # use std::fs::File;
+    /// # use arrow_array::Int32Array;
+    /// # use parquet::arrow::ProjectionMask;
+    /// # use parquet::arrow::arrow_reader::{ArrowPredicateFn, ParquetRecordBatchReaderBuilder, RowFilter};
+    /// # fn main() -> Result<(), parquet::errors::ParquetError> {
+    /// # let testdata = arrow::util::test_util::parquet_test_data();
+    /// # let path = format!("{testdata}/alltypes_plain.parquet");
+    /// # let file = File::open(&path)?;
+    /// let builder = ParquetRecordBatchReaderBuilder::try_new(file)?;
+    /// let schema_desc = builder.metadata().file_metadata().schema_descr_ptr();
+    ///
+    /// // Create predicate: column id > 4. This col has index 0.
+    /// let projection = ProjectionMask::leaves(&schema_desc, [0]);
+    /// let predicate = ArrowPredicateFn::new(projection, |batch| {
+    ///     let id_col = batch.column(0);
+    ///     arrow::compute::kernels::cmp::gt(id_col, &Int32Array::new_scalar(4))
+    /// });
+    ///
+    /// let row_filter = RowFilter::new(vec![Box::new(predicate)]);
+    /// let _reader = builder.with_row_filter(row_filter).build()?;
+    /// # Ok(())
+    /// # }
+    /// ```
     pub fn with_row_filter(self, filter: RowFilter) -> Self {
         Self {
             filter: Some(filter),