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upload log of 0912 and 0913 about computer net
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‎content/posts/0912.md‎

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date = '2025-09-14T00:40:32+08:00'
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draft = false
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title = '0912 学习日志'
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categories="log"
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tags=["计算机网络","计网概念","OSI","TCP/IP协议"]
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## 计算机网络
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### 计算机网络体系结构
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1. 计算机网络的概念
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2. 计算机网络的组成
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3. 计算机网络的功能
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1. 数据通信
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2. 资源共享
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3. 分布式处理
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4. 负载均衡
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4. 电路交换
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5. 报文交换
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6. 分组交换
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7. 计算机网络的分类
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1. 按分布范围分类
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* WAN
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* MAN
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* LAN
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* PAN
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2. 按传输技术分类
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* 广播式网络
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* 点对点网络
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3. 按拓扑结构分类
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1. 总线型网络
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2. 星型网络
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3. 环形网络
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4. 按使用者分类
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* 公用网
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* 专用网
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8. 计算机网络的性能指标
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1. 速率
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2. 带宽
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3. 吞吐量
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4. 时延
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1. 发送时延（传输时延）
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2. 传播时延
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3. 处理时延
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4. 排队时延
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5. 时延带宽积
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6. 往返时延
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7. 信道利用率 = 有数据通过时间/（有 + 无数据通过时间）
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### 计算机网络体系结构与参考模型
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1. 计算机网络分层结构
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* SDU 服务数据单元
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* PCI 协议控制信息
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2. 计算机网络协议、接口、服务的概念
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1. 协议
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语法、语义、同步
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2. 接口
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3. 服务
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* 请求
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* 指示
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* 响应
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* 证实
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1. 面向连接服务与无连接服务
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2. 可靠服务和不可靠服务
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3. 有应答服务和无应答服务
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3. ISO/OSI参考模型
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1. 应用层
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2. 表示层
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3. 会话层
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4. 传输层
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5. 网络层
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6. 数据链路层
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7. 物理层
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4. TCP/IP模型
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1. 应用层
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2. 传输层
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3. 网际层
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4. 网络接口层
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###

‎content/posts/0913.md‎

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date = '2025-09-14T00:58:10+08:00'
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draft = false
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title = '0913学习日志'
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categories="log"
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tags=["计算机网络","物理层","那奎斯特定理","香农定理","码元" ,"编码与调制","物理传输介质"]
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## 计算机网络--物理层
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### 通信概念
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1. 基本概念
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1. 数据、信号与码元
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2. 信源、信道与信宿
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3. 单向通信、半双工与全双工通信
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4. 速率、波特与带宽
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1. 码元传输速率
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2. 信息传输速率
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2. 信道的极限容量
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1. 奈奎斯特定理（奈氏准测）
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1. 理想低通信道下的极限码元传输速率
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$$
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2W
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$$
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对应的数据传输速率
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$$
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2W\log_2V
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$$
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2. 香农定理
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**带宽受限且有高斯噪声干扰**的信道的极限数据传输速率
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$$
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W\log_2(1+\frac{S}{N})
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$$
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其中
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$$
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1dB = 10 \lg\frac{S}{N}
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$$
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3. 编码与调制
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1. 数字数据编码为数字信号
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1. 不归零数据
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2. 归零编码
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3. 反向非归零编码
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4. 曼彻斯特编码
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5. 差分曼彻斯特编码
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2. 模拟数据编码为数字信号
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3. 数字数据调制为模拟信号
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* 调幅AM
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* 调频FM
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* 调相PM
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* 正交幅度调制QAM
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4. 模拟数据调制为模拟信号
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### 传输介质
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1. 传输介质
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1. 双绞线
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2. 同轴电缆
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3. 光纤
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4. 无线传输介质
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2. 物理层接口的特性
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1. 机械特性
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2. 电气特性
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3. 功能特性
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4. 过程特性
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3. 物理层设备
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1. 中继器
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2. 集线器（Hub）

‎public/404.html‎

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<meta property='og:description' content="無職受験生 ～408に挑んだら本気だす～">
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‎public/categories/diary/index.html‎

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一元微分
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‎public/categories/index.html‎

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<meta name="twitter:title" content="Categories">
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<time datetime='2025-09-14T00:58:10&#43;08:00'>Sep 14, 2025</time>
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‎public/categories/index.xml‎

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<description>Recent content in Categories on shyの考研日志</description>
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‎public/categories/interests/index.html‎

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