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<h1 id="Jetbrains-fleet-配置-C-开发环境"><a href="#Jetbrains-fleet-配置-C-开发环境" class="headerlink" title="Jetbrains fleet 配置 C++开发环境"></a>Jetbrains fleet 配置 C++开发环境</h1><h2 id="1-安装-Jetbrains-Fleet"><a href="#1-安装-Jetbrains-Fleet" class="headerlink" title="1. 安装 Jetbrains Fleet"></a>1. 安装 Jetbrains Fleet</h2><p>到Fleet下载页面下载Toolbox并安装<br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.jetbrains.com/fleet/download/#section=windows">Jetbrains-Fleet下载页</a><br>安装完成后在任务栏打开 Toolbox ，在列表中选择安装 fleet。</p>
<h2 id="2-为-Fleet-准备-Workspace"><a href="#2-为-Fleet-准备-Workspace" class="headerlink" title="2. 为 Fleet 准备 Workspace"></a>2. 为 Fleet 准备 Workspace</h2><p>在适当的地方建立文件夹作为 fleet 的工作空间，并在 fleet 中打开。</p>
<h2 id="3-配置-run-json-编译脚本"><a href="#3-配置-run-json-编译脚本" class="headerlink" title="3. 配置 run.json 编译脚本"></a>3. 配置 run.json 编译脚本</h2><p>点击运行按钮，选择 <code>Create Run Configuration</code><br>将其中内容配置如下</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"configurations"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"CMake Build"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"cmake"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"args"</span>: [<span class="string">"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug"</span>,<span class="string">"-G"</span>,<span class="string">"MinGW Makefiles"</span>,<span class="string">"-S"</span>, <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$"</span>, <span class="string">"-B"</span>, <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\cmake-build-debug"</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Make"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"mingw32-make"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"args"</span>: [<span class="string">"-C"</span>,<span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\cmake-build-debug"</span>],</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\cmake-build-debug\\$FILE_NAME_NO_EXT$.exe"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Build And Run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\cmake-build-debug\\$FILE_NAME_NO_EXT$.exe"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"dependsOn"</span>: [<span class="string">"CMake Build"</span>, <span class="string">"Make"</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Example Build"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"g++"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"args"</span>: [<span class="string">"$FILE$"</span>,<span class="string">"-o"</span>,<span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\$FILE_NAME_NO_EXT$.exe"</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Example Run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\$FILE_NAME_NO_EXT$.exe"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"type"</span>: <span class="string">"command"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"Example Build And Run"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"program"</span>: <span class="string">"$FILE_DIR$\\$FILE_NAME_NO_EXT$.exe"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"dependsOn"</span>: [<span class="string">"Example Build"</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="4-安装-CMAKE-与MinGW-w64"><a href="#4-安装-CMAKE-与MinGW-w64" class="headerlink" title="4. 安装 CMAKE 与MinGW-w64"></a>4. 安装 CMAKE 与MinGW-w64</h2><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://cmake.org/download/">CMAKE下载页面</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/niXman/mingw-builds-binaries/releases">MinGW-w64预编译二进制文件下载页面</a></p>
<p>CMAKE 直接安装即可，MinGW-w64 找个地方解压出来即可。<br>之后将 CMAKE 和 MinGW 的 bin 文件夹添加进系统 path 变量。</p>
<h2 id="5-运行配置如何使用"><a href="#5-运行配置如何使用" class="headerlink" title="5. 运行配置如何使用"></a>5. 运行配置如何使用</h2><h3 id="5-1-单个文件的编译运行"><a href="#5-1-单个文件的编译运行" class="headerlink" title="5.1 单个文件的编译运行"></a>5.1 单个文件的编译运行</h3><p>在工作空间下新建项目文件夹，在内部建立单个 cpp 文件并编写程序。<br>点击运行按钮，其中带 Example 前缀的是用于单个文件运行的配置： </p>
<ul>
<li>Example Build —— 编译该文件 </li>
<li>Example Run —— 不重新编译，运行上次编译的结果 </li>
<li>Example Build And Run —— 编译并运行当前文件 </li>
</ul>
<h3 id="5-2-以-CMAKE-管理的项目的编译运行"><a href="#5-2-以-CMAKE-管理的项目的编译运行" class="headerlink" title="5.2 以 CMAKE 管理的项目的编译运行"></a>5.2 以 CMAKE 管理的项目的编译运行</h3><p>在工作空间下新建项目文件夹，内部项目以 CMAKE 管理。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>CMakeLists.txt 中的项目名需要与作为 main 文件的文件名一致，例如主文件为<code>helloworld.cpp</code>,则 CMAKE 中的项目名应为<code>helloworld</code>。</strong></li>
<li><strong>如果要使用 fleet 的 Smart Mode，CMakeLists.txt 中需要添加<code>set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)</code>生成编译数据库</strong></li>
</ul>
<p>点击运行按钮，其中<strong>不带</strong> Example 前缀的是用于项目运行的配置：</p>
<ul>
<li>CMake Build —— 执行 CMAKE 项目构建，生成项目 Makefile 文件与编译数据库 </li>
<li>Make —— 编译项目 </li>
<li>Run —— 不重新编译，运行上次编译的结果 </li>
<li>Build And Run —— 编译项目并运行 </li>
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<p>新建编译系统，输入以下内容</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{ </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"cmd"</span> : [<span class="string">"javac"</span>, <span class="string">"$file_name"</span>], </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"file_regex"</span>: <span class="string">"^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"selector"</span> : <span class="string">"source.java"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"shell"</span>:<span class="literal">false</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"working_dir"</span> : <span class="string">"$file_path"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"variants"</span>: </span><br><span class="line"> [ </span><br><span class="line"> { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"RunInCommand"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"cmd"</span>: </span><br><span class="line"> [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/c"</span>, <span class="string">"javac"</span>,<span class="string">"${file}"</span>,<span class="string">"&&"</span>,<span class="string">"start"</span>, <span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/k"</span>, <span class="string">"java $file_name"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ] </span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>:<span class="string">"Debug"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"cmd"</span>: </span><br><span class="line"> [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/c"</span>,<span class="string">"javac"</span>,<span class="string">"${file}"</span>,<span class="string">"&&"</span>,<span class="string">"start"</span>, <span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/k"</span>,<span class="string">"gdb ${file_path}/${file_base_name}"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ] </span><br><span class="line"> } </span><br><span class="line">] </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<a href="/2022/12/28/VNote%E6%8E%A8%E9%80%81HEXO-Task/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">VNote Task推送HEXO(无乱码)</a>
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<p>核心思路：</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>成因</strong>: VNote的<code>vx.json</code>和<code>vx_notebook</code>会导致hexo文档管理错误，在博客中产生多个乱码页面（json被误识别为笔记）</li>
<li><strong>vx_notebook处理</strong>：选择文件夹作为笔记本的时候选用上一级目录（<code>source</code>文件夹）</li>
<li><strong>vx.json处理</strong>：在推送前调用系统命令把<code>vx.json</code>移走，部署完再移回来</li>
</ol>
<p>简单的参考示例：</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"command"</span>: <span class="string">"move-item D:\\AirLongDianBLOG\\source\\_posts\\vx.json D:\\;hexo d -g --cwd D:\\AirLongDianBLOG\\;move-item D:\\vx.json D:\\AirLongDianBLOG\\source\\_posts\\"</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>（ps：这篇就是拿vnote的task推的）</p>
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<p>新建编译系统，输入以下内容</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{ </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"cmd"</span> : [<span class="string">"g++"</span>, <span class="string">"$file_name"</span>, <span class="string">"-o"</span>, <span class="string">"${file_base_name}"</span>, <span class="string">"-lm"</span>, <span class="string">"-Wall"</span>], </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"file_regex"</span>: <span class="string">"^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"selector"</span> : <span class="string">"source.c, source.c++"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"shell"</span>:<span class="literal">false</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"working_dir"</span> : <span class="string">"$file_path"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"variants"</span>: </span><br><span class="line"> [ </span><br><span class="line"> { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"RunInCommand"</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"cmd"</span>: [<span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/c"</span>, <span class="string">"g++"</span>,<span class="string">"-g"</span>, <span class="string">"${file}"</span>, <span class="string">"-o"</span>, <span class="string">"${file_path}/${file_base_name}"</span>, <span class="string">"&&"</span>,<span class="string">"start"</span>, <span class="string">"cmd"</span>, <span class="string">"/k"</span>, <span class="string">"${file_path}/${file_base_name}"</span>] </span><br><span class="line"> } </span><br><span class="line"> ] </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h2 id="基本客户端实现"><a href="#基本客户端实现" class="headerlink" title="基本客户端实现"></a>基本客户端实现</h2><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><iostream></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><arpa/inet.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><unistd.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><cstring></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">()</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// make socket</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> soct1=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(soct1 == <span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"create socket failed!"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// init ip address</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_in</span> <span class="title">host</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"> host.sin_family = AF_INET;</span><br><span class="line"> host.sin_port = htons(<span class="number">12345</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> host.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//connect</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> flag=connect(soct1,(sockaddr*)&host,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sockaddr));</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (flag==<span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"connect failed"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">char</span> buffer[<span class="number">1024</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//communicate</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> (<span class="literal">true</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> { </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sprintf</span>(buffer,<span class="string">"hello server!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> send(soct1,buffer,<span class="built_in">strlen</span>(buffer)+<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">//reset buffer</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">memset</span>(buffer,<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(buffer));</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> rec1=recv(soct1,buffer,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(buffer),<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (rec1><span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<buffer<<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> (rec1=<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"server disconnect"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"send failed"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> sleep(<span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> close(soct1);</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h1 id="基本服务端实现"><a href="#基本服务端实现" class="headerlink" title="基本服务端实现"></a>基本服务端实现</h1><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><iostream></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><unistd.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><sys/socket.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><string></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><arpa/inet.h></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><cstring></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span>::<span class="built_in">std</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">()</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// make socket</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> soct1 = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (soct1 == <span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"create socket fail!"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// init ip address struct</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_in</span> <span class="title">saddrin1</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"> saddrin1.sin_family = AF_INET;</span><br><span class="line"> saddrin1.sin_port = htons(<span class="number">12345</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> saddrin1.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// bind socket to host</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> ret = bind(soct1,(sockaddr*)&saddrin1,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(saddrin1));</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(ret == <span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cout</span><<<span class="string">"bind failled!"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// set listen</span></span><br><span class="line"> ret =listen(soct1,<span class="number">10</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(ret == <span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cout</span><<<span class="string">"listen failled!"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// init ip address</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_in</span> <span class="title">saddrin2</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">socklen_t</span> addrlen =<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(saddrin2);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// access connect</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> acc1 = accept(soct1,(sockaddr*)&saddrin2,&addrlen);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(ret == <span class="number">-1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">cout</span><<<span class="string">"connect failled!"</span><<<span class="built_in">std</span>::<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// show c_ip addr</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">char</span> ip[<span class="number">32</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">cout</span><<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&saddrin2.sin_addr.s_addr,ip,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(ip))<<<span class="string">"\n\n"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// make read buffer</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">char</span> buff[<span class="number">1024</span>];</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// read</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span>(<span class="literal">true</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">int</span> len = recv(acc1,buff,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(buff),<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span>(len><span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">cerr</span><<buff<<<span class="built_in">endl</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">memset</span>(buff,<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(buff));</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">sprintf</span>(buff,<span class="string">"hello customer!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> send(acc1,buff,<span class="built_in">strlen</span>(buff)+<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span>(len = <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">cerr</span><<<span class="string">"ERR"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// clean connect</span></span><br><span class="line"> close(soct1);</span><br><span class="line"> close(acc1);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<h2 id="通信流程"><a href="#通信流程" class="headerlink" title="通信流程"></a>通信流程</h2><h3 id="1-服务器端"><a href="#1-服务器端" class="headerlink" title="1. 服务器端"></a>1. 服务器端</h3><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">int</span> soc=socket(); <span class="comment">//创建用于监听连接的套接字（文件描述符）检测是否有客户端连接</span></span><br><span class="line">bind() <span class="comment">//将得到的文件描述符和本地IP端口绑定</span></span><br><span class="line">listen(); <span class="comment">//启动监听</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">int</span> acp=accept(); <span class="comment">//接受请求，返回 用于接受连接后用于通信的文件描述符</span></span><br><span class="line">read();write();recv()；send() <span class="comment">//读写数据</span></span><br><span class="line">close() <span class="comment">//断开连接</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-服务器端"><a href="#2-服务器端" class="headerlink" title="2. 服务器端"></a>2. 服务器端</h3><p>```C++<br>int soc=socket(); //创建用于通信的文件描述读<br>connect(); //连接服务器<br>read(); //读写<br>write(); //读写<br>recv(); //读写<br>send();//读写<br>close(); //断开连接</p>
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<h1 id="C-多线程"><a href="#C-多线程" class="headerlink" title="C++多线程"></a>C++多线程</h1><h2 id="一、-概念"><a href="#一、-概念" class="headerlink" title="一、 概念"></a>一、 概念</h2><h6 id="1-进程"><a href="#1-进程" class="headerlink" title="1. 进程"></a>1. 进程</h6><p>可简单理解为exe的一次运行</p>
<h6 id="2-线程"><a href="#2-线程" class="headerlink" title="2. 线程"></a>2. 线程</h6><p>一个进程可以有多个线程（但有且只有一个主线程）</p>
<h2 id="二、-并发实现"><a href="#二、-并发实现" class="headerlink" title="二、 并发实现"></a>二、 并发实现</h2><h6 id="1-多进程"><a href="#1-多进程" class="headerlink" title="1. 多进程"></a>1. 多进程</h6><p>解决进程间通讯</p>
<h6 id="2-多线程"><a href="#2-多线程" class="headerlink" title="2. 多线程"></a>2. 多线程</h6><p>一个主线程多个子线程实现并发，进程资源在线程间共享</p>
<h2 id="三、-C-线程创建"><a href="#三、-C-线程创建" class="headerlink" title="三、 C++线程创建"></a>三、 C++线程创建</h2><h3 id="3-1-基本函数创建"><a href="#3-1-基本函数创建" class="headerlink" title="3.1 基本函数创建"></a>3.1 基本函数创建</h3><h4 id="1-包含头文件"><a href="#1-包含头文件" class="headerlink" title="1. 包含头文件"></a>1. 包含头文件</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><thread></span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="2-创建线程"><a href="#2-创建线程" class="headerlink" title="2. 创建线程"></a>2. 创建线程</h4><p>创建thread对象</p>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function">thread <span class="title">th1</span><span class="params">(func)</span></span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>需要后续处理：否则主函数结束会抛异常<h4 id="3-后续处理"><a href="#3-后续处理" class="headerlink" title="3. 后续处理"></a>3. 后续处理</h4></li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>阻塞主线程<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">th1.join();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
主线程等待子线程执行完毕</li>
<li>分离子线程<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">th1.detach();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
将子线程与主线程分离，子线程与主线程不再关联</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>每个线程只能做一次后续处理，不管是<code>join</code>还是<code>detach</code>.</li>
</ul>
<ol start="3">
<li>判断一个进程是否可以做后续处理<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">th1.joinable();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3-2-类和对象创建"><a href="#3-2-类和对象创建" class="headerlink" title="3.2 类和对象创建"></a>3.2 类和对象创建</h3>重载括号运算符制作函数类，将函数类的对象作为线程参数<h3 id="3-3-Lambda表达式创建"><a href="#3-3-Lambda表达式创建" class="headerlink" title="3.3 Lambda表达式创建"></a>3.3 Lambda表达式创建</h3>将lambda表达式作为参数<h3 id="3-4-带参创建"><a href="#3-4-带参创建" class="headerlink" title="3.4 带参创建"></a>3.4 带参创建</h3>传引用参数需要<code>ref()</code>包装<h3 id="3-5-带智能指针"><a href="#3-5-带智能指针" class="headerlink" title="3.5 带智能指针"></a>3.5 带智能指针</h3>用<code>move()</code>但是之后原智能指针销毁<h3 id="3-6-类成员函数创建"><a href="#3-6-类成员函数创建" class="headerlink" title="3.6 类成员函数创建"></a>3.6 类成员函数创建</h3><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function">thread <span class="title">th1</span><span class="params">(成员函数指针，成员函数所属的对象，参数（可能需要包装）)</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="四、异步"><a href="#四、异步" class="headerlink" title="四、异步"></a>四、异步</h2><h4 id="4-1-包含头文件"><a href="#4-1-包含头文件" class="headerlink" title="4.1 包含头文件"></a>4.1 包含头文件</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><future></span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-2-创建未来返回值对象"><a href="#4-2-创建未来返回值对象" class="headerlink" title="4.2 创建未来返回值对象"></a>4.2 创建未来返回值对象</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">future</span><type> fu1;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-3-异步运行"><a href="#4-3-异步运行" class="headerlink" title="4.3 异步运行"></a>4.3 异步运行</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">fu1=async(func/lambda)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>此时程序分出一个线程执行异步程序，并继续向后执行<h4 id="4-4-取回异步运行结果"><a href="#4-4-取回异步运行结果" class="headerlink" title="4.4 取回异步运行结果"></a>4.4 取回异步运行结果</h4></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">fu1.get()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>此时异步程序若仍未执行完，将阻塞程序至异步程序执行完并取回值<h4 id="4-5-等待异步程序执行完毕但不需要返回结果"><a href="#4-5-等待异步程序执行完毕但不需要返回结果" class="headerlink" title="4.5 等待异步程序执行完毕但不需要返回结果"></a>4.5 等待异步程序执行完毕但不需要返回结果</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">fu1.wait()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-6-仅等待一段时间（超时检测）"><a href="#4-6-仅等待一段时间（超时检测）" class="headerlink" title="4.6 仅等待一段时间（超时检测）"></a>4.6 仅等待一段时间（超时检测）</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">fu1.wait_for(chrono时间单位（）)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>如超时未执行完毕则返回<code>future_status::timeout</code>,按时执行完毕则返回<code>future_status::ready</code><h4 id="4-7-不异步仅延迟至get时运行"><a href="#4-7-不异步仅延迟至get时运行" class="headerlink" title="4.7 不异步仅延迟至get时运行"></a>4.7 不异步仅延迟至get时运行</h4>将<code>async</code>第一个参数设为<code>std::launch::deferred</code><h4 id="4-8-手动管理线程"><a href="#4-8-手动管理线程" class="headerlink" title="4.8 手动管理线程"></a>4.8 手动管理线程</h4>不使用async而是使用promise<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">std</span>::promise<type> pr1=promise(func/lambda)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
在传入的可执行体中设置未来值<code>pr1.set_value()</code>，然后在外面<code>get_future</code>获取未来返回值对象，并进一步get获取未来值<h2 id="五、锁"><a href="#五、锁" class="headerlink" title="五、锁"></a>五、锁</h2><h6 id="1-导入头文件"><a href="#1-导入头文件" class="headerlink" title="1. 导入头文件"></a>1. 导入头文件</h6><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><mutex></span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h6 id="2-创建锁对象"><a href="#2-创建锁对象" class="headerlink" title="2. 创建锁对象"></a>2. 创建锁对象</h6><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mutex mtx1</span><br><span class="line">timed_mutex tmtx1 <span class="comment">//可以等待一会的锁</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h6 id="3-基本操作"><a href="#3-基本操作" class="headerlink" title="3. 基本操作"></a>3. 基本操作</h6><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mtx1.lock() <span class="comment">//加锁</span></span><br><span class="line">mtx1.lock() <span class="comment">//解锁</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>一个锁锁住就不能再锁，后面试图加锁的就会被阻塞至前一线程解锁<h6 id="4-自动解锁"><a href="#4-自动解锁" class="headerlink" title="4. 自动解锁"></a>4. 自动解锁</h6><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function">lock_guard <span class="title">gl1</span><span class="params">(mtx1)</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li>创建即加锁，离开作用域自动解锁</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function">unique_lock<<span class="built_in">std</span>::mutex> <span class="title">ul1</span><span class="params">(mtx1)</span> <span class="comment">//创建即加锁</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">unique_lock<<span class="built_in">std</span>::mutex> <span class="title">ul1</span><span class="params">(mtx1,defer_lock)</span> <span class="comment">//创建时不加锁</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">unique_lock<<span class="built_in">std</span>::mutex> <span class="title">ul1</span><span class="params">(mtx1,try_to_lock)</span> <span class="comment">//创建时尝试加锁但不阻塞</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">ul1.<span class="title">try_lock</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">//尝试加锁</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">ul1.<span class="title">try_lock_for</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">//尝试再一段时间内加锁（timed_mutex）</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">ul1.<span class="title">try_lock_until</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">//尝试在某个时间点之前加锁(timed_mutex)</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">ul1.<span class="title">owns_lock</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">//锁是不是自己的（try_to_lock结果）</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">ul1.<span class="title">lock</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="comment">//手动加锁</span></span></span><br><span class="line">ul1.unlock（） //手动解锁</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li><p>锁所有权转移要用<code>move()</code></p>
<h6 id="5-读写分离锁"><a href="#5-读写分离锁" class="headerlink" title="5. 读写分离锁"></a>5. 读写分离锁</h6><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">shared_mutex sml1 <span class="comment">//创建锁</span></span><br><span class="line">sml1.lock() <span class="comment">//锁写</span></span><br><span class="line">sml1.unlock() <span class="comment">//解锁写</span></span><br><span class="line">sml1.lock_shared() <span class="comment">//读锁</span></span><br><span class="line">sml1.unlock_shared() <span class="comment">//解锁读</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function">shared_lock <span class="title">sl1</span><span class="params">(shared_mutexd对象)</span> <span class="comment">//自动解锁（类似unique_lock）</span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
<li><p>读锁可以锁多次，多个线程一起读，但读的时候不能写（计数）</p>
</li>
<li><p>多个对象建议每个对象一个锁</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h6 id="6-死锁"><a href="#6-死锁" class="headerlink" title="6. 死锁"></a>6. 死锁</h6><ol>
<li>一个线程不要同时持有多个锁</li>
<li>线程的上锁顺序一致</li>
<li>使用<code>lock(mtx1,mtx2,...)</code>对多个锁上锁可以自动处理上锁顺序确保不产生死锁</li>
<li>使用<code>scoped_lock sl1(mtx1,mtx2,...)</code>对多个锁上锁可以确保不产生死锁并自动解锁</li>
<li>单个线程死锁可以用<code>recursice_mutex</code>代替<code>mutex</code>,每次加锁会加一个计数，计数0解锁，但是会有性能损失</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="六、条件变量"><a href="#六、条件变量" class="headerlink" title="六、条件变量"></a>六、条件变量</h2><h4 id="1-导入头文件-1"><a href="#1-导入头文件-1" class="headerlink" title="1. 导入头文件"></a>1. 导入头文件</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="meta-keyword">include</span> <span class="meta-string"><condition_variable></span></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="2-创建条件变量对象"><a href="#2-创建条件变量对象" class="headerlink" title="2. 创建条件变量对象"></a>2. 创建条件变量对象</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">condition_variable cv1</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="2-等待条件"><a href="#2-等待条件" class="headerlink" title="2. 等待条件"></a>2. 等待条件</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cv1.wait(锁，可以提供执行体如返回<span class="literal">true</span>才唤醒) <span class="comment">//多个wait被唤醒时锁确保只有一个线程被运行，等待状态中锁会被暂时解锁</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="4-发送唤醒信号（另一线程）"><a href="#4-发送唤醒信号（另一线程）" class="headerlink" title="4. 发送唤醒信号（另一线程）"></a>4. 发送唤醒信号（另一线程）</h4><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cv1.notify_one() <span class="comment">//唤醒一个wait的线程</span></span><br><span class="line">cv1.notify_all() <span class="comment">//唤醒所有wait的线程</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li><code>condition_variable</code>只支持<code>unique_lock</code>，其他锁可以用<code>condition_variable_any</code></li>
<li>也有<code>wait_for()</code>和<code>wait_until()</code>,会返回布尔值作为等待结果<h2 id="七、原子操作"><a href="#七、原子操作" class="headerlink" title="七、原子操作"></a>七、原子操作</h2><figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">atomic<type> name</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
放弃分解和乱序优化，确保对该变量的操作是一次性的（不会有其他线程在插入分解后的执行序列）<figure class="highlight c++"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">+=</span><br><span class="line">-=</span><br><span class="line">*=</span><br><span class="line">&=</span><br><span class="line">|=</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
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<time title="创建时间：2022-12-13 07:36:48 / 修改时间：20:54:58" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-12-13T07:36:48+08:00">2022-12-13</time>
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<h1 id="漏洞扫描"><a href="#漏洞扫描" class="headerlink" title="漏洞扫描"></a>漏洞扫描</h1><p><strong>1. 概念</strong><br>漏洞扫描器是一种能够自动在计算机、信息系统、网络及应用软件中寻找和发现安全弱点的程序。它通过网络对目标系统进行探测，向目标系统发生数据，并将反馈数据与自带的漏洞特征库进行匹配，进而列举目标系统上存在的安全漏洞. </p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>BBQSQL</td>
<td>BED</td>
<td>cisco-auditing-tool</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cisco-global-exploiter</td>
<td>cisco-ocs</td>
<td>cisco-torch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>copy-router-config</td>
<td>Doona</td>
<td>DotDotPwn</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>HexorBase</td>
<td>jSQL Injection</td>
<td>Lynis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nmap</td>
<td>ohrwurm</td>
<td>openvas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Oscanner</td>
<td>Powerfuzzer</td>
<td>sfuzz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SidGuesser</td>
<td>SIPArmyKnife</td>
<td>sqlmap</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sqlninja</td>
<td>sqlsus</td>
<td>THC-IPV6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tnscmd10g</td>
<td>unix-privesc-check</td>
<td>Yersinia</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<ol>
<li>Nessus </li>
<li>OpenVAS</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>Nessus</strong><br><img src="https://wizardforcel.gitbooks.io/daxueba-kali-linux-tutorial/img/00208.jpeg" alt="scan"></p>
<p><img src="https://wizardforcel.gitbooks.io/daxueba-kali-linux-tutorial/img/00209.jpeg" alt="scan"></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>模式</th>
<th>扫描内容</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>CISCO</td>
<td>扫描CISCO系统</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DNS</td>
<td>扫描DNS服务器</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Unix Accounts</td>
<td>扫描本地默认用户账户和密码</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FTP</td>
<td>扫描FTP服务器</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Firewalls</td>